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Chore: add alerthub documentation
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# AlertHub
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The aim of IFRC Alert Hub is to provide timely and effective emergency alerts to communities worldwide, empowering them to protect their lives and livelihoods.
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## Collection: `alerthub-events`
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A STAC collection hold all the AlertHub events. An example of the AlertHub collection is [here](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension/blob/main/examples/alerthub-events/alerthub-events.json)
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- Name: AlertHub
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- Code: `AlertHub`
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- Source organisation: IFRC
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- Source code: alerthub
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- Source type: IFRC
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- Source organization email: im@ifrc.org
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- Source URL: <alerthub.ifrc.org>
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- Source Data license: MIT License
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- Source for: event, hazard
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### Data
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The data from Alerthub can be accessed using the GraphQL queries. The data is currently fetched using the query `Alerts` from the following [data source](https://alerthub-api.ifrc.org/graphql/).
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### Event Item
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An AlertHub event and episode will **ALWAYS** produce and [event STAC item](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#event). Here is a table with the fields that are mapped from the AlertHub event to the STAC event.
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| STAC field | AlertHub | Field Description |
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|------------|----------|--------------------|
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| [id](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#id) | alert.id | Unique identifier for the event |
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| [geometry](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#geometry) | alert.info.areas | Geometry of the event |
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| [bbox](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#bbox) | From geometry | Bbox is constructed using geometry data using bounds |
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| [collection](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#collection) | `alerthub-events` | The collection for AlertHub events |
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| [title](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#basics) | alert.headline | Short description of the event |
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| [description](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#basics) | alert.description | Description of the event |
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| [datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time) | alert.effective | Date and time of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [start_datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time-range) | alert.effective | Date and time of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [end_datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time-range) | alert.expires | End date of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [monty:episode_number](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.0.0/schema.json#monty:episode_number) | 1 | Set to 1 as there is no proper episodes handling mechanism |
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| [monty:country_codes](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montycountry_codes)\[0] | alert.country.iso3 | ISO3 of the country |
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| [monty:hazard_codes](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montyhazard_codes) | alert.category, alert.event | List of hazard codes |
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| [`via` link](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/assets.md) in \[links] | alert.url | Link to the GDACS event details page |
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| [monty:corr_id](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.1.1/schema.json#monty:corr_id) | Generated | Generated following the [event correlation](../../correlation_identifier.md) convention |
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| [monty:guid](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.1.1/schema.json#monty:guid) | Generated | Generated following the [guid string](../../global_identififer.md) convention |
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### Hazard Item
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An AlertHub will **ALWAYS** produce one [**hazard STAC item**] (https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#hazard).
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Here is a table with the STAC fields that are mapped from the AlertHub event to STAC hazard.
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| STAC field | AlertHub | Field Description |
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|------------|----------|--------------------|
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| [id](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#id) | alert.id | Unique identifier for the event |
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| [geometry](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#geometry) | alert.info.areas | Geometry of the event |
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| [bbox](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#bbox) | From geometry | Bbox is constructed using geometry data using bounds |
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| [collection](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/item-spec/item-spec.md#collection) | `alerthub-hazards` | The collection for AlertHub events |
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| [title](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#basics) | alert.headline | Short description of the event |
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| [description](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#basics) | alert.description | Description of the event |
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| [datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time) | alert.effective | Date and time of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [start_datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time-range) | alert.effective | Date and time of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [end_datetime](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/common-metadata.md#date-and-time-range) | alert.expires | End date of the event converted in UTC ISO 8601 format |
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| [monty:episode_number](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.0.0/schema.json#monty:episode_number) | 1 | Set to 1 as there is no proper episodes handling mechanism |
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| [monty:country_codes](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montycountry_codes)\[0] | alert.country.iso3 | ISO3 of the country |
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| [monty:hazard_codes](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montyhazard_codes) | alert.category, alert.event | List of hazard codes |
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| [`via` link](https://github.com/radiantearth/stac-spec/blob/master/commons/assets.md) in \[links] | alert.url | Link to the GDACS event details page |
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| [monty:corr_id](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.1.1/schema.json#monty:corr_id) | Generated | Generated following the [event correlation](../../correlation_identifier.md) convention |
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| [monty:guid](https://ifrcgo.org/monty-stac-extension/v1.1.1/schema.json#monty:guid) | Generated | Generated following the [guid string](../../global_identififer.md) convention |
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| [monty:hazard_detail](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montyhazard_detail) | alert.info.severity | Severity Info |
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#### Hazard Detail
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The [hazard_detail](https://github.com/IFRCGo/monty-stac-extension#montyhazard_detail) field is a JSON object that contains the detailed information about the hazard. The object is a mapping of the hazard codes to the detailed information. The detailed information is a JSON object with the following fields:
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| STAC field | AlertHub field | Description |
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| -------------- | ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
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| severity_value | Uses a severity mappings | Five enums are mapped to a numeric value |
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| severity_unit | `alerthub` | AlertHub alert level |
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| estimate_type | MontyEstimateType.PRIMARY | Use a fixed value |

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