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modules/data.remote/inst/ccmmf/documentation/sessions/03-fertilizer-irrigation.md

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## Paths for this session
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Expect `$LANDIQ_GAPFILLED` from [Session 1](01-landiq.md) and `$MATCHED_DIR` from [Session 2](02-phenology.md). Paths come from [setup_env.sh](../setup_env.sh). Full tree: [Data layout](00-setup.md#data-layout).
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>
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> Training: keep `$DEMO_TILE` from Session 2 (default `10TEK`).
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## 3.1 Packaged tables
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California guideline tables are inside `PEcAn.data.land`. N fert and organic amendments use these packaged lookups:
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| MAD | irrigation trigger (fraction of WHC) | `crop_whc` (3.8) |
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## 3.5 CHIRPS download and extract
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CHIRPS is daily precipitation (`P_t`). Each inventory year is one **global** daily NetCDF (~0.05 deg); California is subsetted during parcel extract, not at download.
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Rscript -e "arrow::read_parquet('_results_chirps/chirps-${TARGET_YEAR}.parquet') |> dplyr::glimpse()"
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```
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## 3.6 CIMIS download and extract
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Spatial CIMIS is daily reference ET (`ETref`) on a **California** grid. That is not yet crop ET; Sec. 3.7-3.8 and 3.10 turn it crop-specific with `bism_kc_by_crop` and Session 2 canopy cover.
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Rscript -e "arrow::open_dataset('_results_v2/cimis-extracted') |> dplyr::glimpse()"
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```
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## 3.7 BISm crop coefficients (`Kc`)
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The water balance uses **Basic Irrigation Scheduling** (BIS / BISm) crop coefficients from packaged `PEcAn.data.land::bism_kc_by_crop`: `ET[t] = ETref[t] * Kc[t]`, with `Kc` driven by canopy cover `fc` from Session 2 (Sec. 3.6).
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| Piece | Role |
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| ------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `bism_kc_by_crop` | Maps LandIQ `CLASS` / `SUBCLASS` to a BIS crop and `Kc(fc)` schedule |
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| Piece | Role |
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| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `bism_kc_by_crop` | Maps LandIQ `CLASS` / `SUBCLASS` to a BIS crop and `Kc(fc)` schedule |
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| Session 2 `fc[t]` | Canopy cover interpolated daily from MSLSP phenology dates (`mslsp_to_canopycover()`) |
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| `PEcAn.data.land` helpers | `eto_to_etc` / BISm `Kc` curves used inside `tar_make` |
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| `PEcAn.data.land` helpers | `eto_to_etc` / BISm `Kc` curves used inside `tar_make` |
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Inspect the table:
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Rebuild path: `modules/data.land/data-raw/bism_kc_by_crop.R` from `bism_crop_coefficients.csv`.
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## 3.8 MAD, rooting depth, and irrigation type (`crop_whc`)
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## 3.8 MAD and rooting depth (`crop_whc`)
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Per-crop rooting depth and MAD in `PEcAn.data.land::crop_whc` (FAO), joined on BIS `crop_name`:
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| Column / concept | Role |
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| ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `rooting_depth_m` | Maximum effective rooting depth (m) (FAO) |
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| `whc_min_frac` | MAD threshold (FAO): minimum soil water as a fraction of WHC |
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| Irrigation type | From LandIQ / crop mapping: `none` / `canopy` / `soil` / `flood` (selects event method and rice pond path) |
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| Column / concept | Role |
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| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `rooting_depth_m` | Maximum effective rooting depth (m) (FAO) |
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| `whc_min_frac` | MAD threshold (FAO): minimum soil water as a fraction of WHC |
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```bash
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Rscript -e 'library(PEcAn.data.land); data(crop_whc); dplyr::glimpse(crop_whc)'
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```
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`whc_min_frac` is the MAD threshold: irrigation triggers when soil storage falls below this fraction of WHC. `rooting_depth_m` sets the rooting zone depth. Irrigation type routes each crop to the generic bucket balance or the flooded rice path.
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`whc_min_frac` is the MAD threshold: irrigation triggers when soil storage falls below this fraction of WHC. `rooting_depth_m` sets the rooting zone depth.
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Rebuild path: `modules/data.land/data-raw/crop_whc.R` from `crop_whc.csv`.
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---
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## 3.9 SSURGO weights (WHC)
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**WHC** (water holding capacity) is the soil bucket in Sec. 3.4: plant-available water in the root zone. It comes from USGS/NRCS **gSSURGO** (available water by soil layer), clipped to the crop rooting depth from `crop_whc` (Sec. 3.8) and averaged onto each LandIQ parcel.
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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LIQ["LandIQ CLASS / SUBCLASS"] --> BISM["bism_kc_by_crop"]
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LIQ --> ITYPE["irrigation type"]
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BISM --> WHCT["crop_whc\nMAD, rooting depth"]
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CAN["Session 2 MSLSP\nfc canopy cover"] --> KC["Kc(fc) via BIS"]
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BISM --> ROUTE["crop_name == Rice?\nflood pond : soil bucket"]
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CAN["Session 2 canopy"] --> KC["Kc(fc) via BIS"]
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BISM --> KC
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CIMIS["CIMIS ETref"] --> ETC["ET = ETref x Kc"]
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KC --> ETC
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ETC --> WB["water balance"]
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WHC --> WB
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WHCT --> WB
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ITYPE --> WB
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ROUTE --> WB
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WB --> EVT["events: method flood or canopy"]
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```
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---
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## Statewide
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**Fert / NCC.** Same `FERT_PROJECT=all` / `NCC_PROJECT=all` as Sec. 3.2-3.3; point `MATCHED_DIR` at the statewide gap-filled phenology tree (not tile), re-source `setup_env.sh`, then:

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