PostgreSQL 下 tenant_id 空字符串默认值被规范化导致 validatePostgresqlTenantColumn 校验失败

[hytz]

使用 PostgreSQL 作为 Nacos 外置存储数据库时，ExternalStoragePersistServiceImpl.validatePostgresqlTenantColumn() 方法对 tenant_id 列的默认值校验失败。
原因是 PostgreSQL 会将空字符串默认值 DEFAULT '' 在底层规范化为 NULL::character varying，导致校验逻辑无法通过。

String sql = "SELECT is_nullable, column_default FROM information_schema.columns " + "WHERE table_schema = current_schema() AND table_name = ? AND column_name = 'tenant_id'"; // ... if (!"NO".equalsIgnoreCase(isNullable) || !StringUtils.contains(columnDefault, "''")) { throwIncompatiblePostgresqlTenantSchema(tableName); }

期望行为
Nacos 应该兼容 PostgreSQL 的标准行为，将 NULL::character varying（以及 NULL::text、NULL::bpchar 等）视为有效的空字符串默认值。

实际行为
应用启动失败，抛出异常PostgreSQL schema is incompatible for table config_info : column 'tenant_id' must be NOT NULL DEFAULT ''. Apply the migration script META-INF/pg-upgrade-null-tenant-id.sql before starting Nacos.'。

复现步骤
1、使用 PostgreSQL 作为 Nacos 外置存储
2、创建表时设置 tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
3、启动 Nacos
4、validatePostgresqlTenantColumn 校验失败，应用无法启动

项目	版本
Nacos	3.2.2

根因分析
PostgreSQL 对空字符串字面量做了编译期常量折叠（constant folding），无论以何种方式声明 DEFAULT ''，底层存储都会变成 NULL::type。
-- 创建表
CREATE TABLE config_info (
id bigint PRIMARY KEY,
tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
);

-- 查询系统表
SELECT column_default
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = 'config_info' AND column_name = 'tenant_id';

-- 实际返回：NULL::character varying
-- 期望返回：包含 '' 的表达式（以便通过 StringUtils.contains 校验）

已尝试的绕过方案

方案	SQL 语句	column_default 实际返回值	结果
纯空字符串	DEFAULT ''	NULL::character varying	❌ 失败
text 类型	DEFAULT ''::text	NULL::text	❌ 失败
bpchar 类型	DEFAULT ''::bpchar	NULL::bpchar	❌ 失败
表达式拼接	DEFAULT ('' || '')	(NULL::text || NULL::text)	❌ 失败
repeat 函数	DEFAULT repeat('', 1)	REPEAT(NULL::text, 1)	❌ 失败
replace 函数	DEFAULT replace('x', 'x', '')	REPLACE('x', 'x', NULL::text)	❌ 失败
邪修方案	DEFAULT 'a''b'	'a''b'	✅成功

补充说明
该问题影响所有包含 tenant_id 列且需校验的表（如 config_info、config_info_aggr、his_config_info 等）
这是 PostgreSQL 的确定性行为，非配置错误。

采用邪修方案解决后引出新的 bug：
`2026-07-06 12:29:09,148 ERROR An error occurred while executing method [insertOrUpdate].
Parameters: [10.132.155.109, nacos, ConfigInfo{id=0, dataId='tes.yaml', group='DEFAULT_GROUP', tenant='09c22709-8994-4a67-973e-0e821b7b2293', appName='', content='ms: u', md5='af59feea2523cae8411841c1985fcfcb', type='yaml', desc='null', configTags='null'}, {type=yaml, config_tags=}].

org.springframework.jdbc.BadSqlGrammarException: PreparedStatementCallback; bad SQL grammar []
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator.doTranslate(SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator.java:114)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:107)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:116)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.translateException(JdbcTemplate.java:1556)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:677)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:1003)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.addConfigInfoAtomic(ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.java:265)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.lambda$addConfigInfo$0(ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.java:153)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate.execute(TransactionTemplate.java:140)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.addConfigInfo(ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.java:151)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.insertOrUpdate(ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.java:225)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:360)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:196)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:64)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:728)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl$$SpringCGLIB$$0.insertOrUpdate()
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.ConfigOperationService.publishConfig(ConfigOperationService.java:141)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:360)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:196)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:89)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.RequestLogAspect.logClientRequest(RequestLogAspect.java:136)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.RequestLogAspect.interfacePublishConfig(RequestLogAspect.java:77)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:649)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:631)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:71)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:89)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.ConfigChangeAspect.publishOrUpdateConfigAround(ConfigChangeAspect.java:127)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:649)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:631)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:71)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:89)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.CapacityManagementAspect.getResult(CapacityManagementAspect.java:230)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.CapacityManagementAspect.do4Insert(CapacityManagementAspect.java:151)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.aspect.CapacityManagementAspect.aroundPublishConfig(CapacityManagementAspect.java:93)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:649)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:631)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:71)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:728)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.ConfigOperationService$$SpringCGLIB$$0.publishConfig()
at com.alibaba.nacos.console.handler.impl.inner.config.ConfigInnerHandler.publishConfig(ConfigInnerHandler.java:170)
at com.alibaba.nacos.console.proxy.config.ConfigProxy.publishConfig(ConfigProxy.java:76)
at com.alibaba.nacos.console.controller.v3.config.ConsoleConfigController.publishConfig(ConsoleConfigController.java:138)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:258)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:191)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:118)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:991)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:896)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1089)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:914)
at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:590)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885)
at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:195)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at com.alibaba.nacos.console.filter.XssFilter.doFilterInternal(XssFilter.java:42)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter.doFilterInternal(CorsFilter.java:91)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at com.alibaba.nacos.core.paramcheck.ParamCheckerFilter.doFilter(ParamCheckerFilter.java:89)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at com.alibaba.nacos.core.auth.AbstractWebAuthFilter.doFilter(AbstractWebAuthFilter.java:137)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.lambda$doFilterInternal$3(FilterChainProxy.java:231)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$FilterObservation$SimpleFilterObservation.lambda$wrap$1(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:490)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$AroundFilterObservation$SimpleAroundFilterObservation.lambda$wrap$1(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:351)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator.lambda$wrapSecured$0(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:83)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:129)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.AuthorizationFilter.doFilter(AuthorizationFilter.java:101)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:126)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:120)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:100)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:179)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:63)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:107)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doHeadersAfter(HeaderWriterFilter.java:90)
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:75)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextHolderFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderFilter.java:82)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextHolderFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderFilter.java:69)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:62)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:228)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.session.DisableEncodeUrlFilter.doFilterInternal(DisableEncodeUrlFilter.java:42)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.wrapFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:241)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$AroundFilterObservation$SimpleAroundFilterObservation.lambda$wrap$0(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:334)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$ObservationFilter.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:225)
at org.springframework.security.web.ObservationFilterChainDecorator$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(ObservationFilterChainDecorator.java:138)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:233)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:191)
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:362)
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:278)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.ServerHttpObservationFilter.doFilterInternal(ServerHttpObservationFilter.java:110)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:483)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:666)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:344)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:398)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:903)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1776)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:975)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:493)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:63)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1583)
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: column "id" does not exist
位置：259
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2725)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2412)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:371)
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal(PgStatement.java:502)
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:419)
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeWithFlags(PgPreparedStatement.java:194)
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PgPreparedStatement.java:155)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(ProxyPreparedStatement.java:61)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(HikariProxyPreparedStatement.java)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.lambda$update$3(JdbcTemplate.java:1004)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core`

后将对应字段调整为小写后报错：column "ID" does not exist，无论大小写俊豪保该错误。同时该问题在 3.2.0 版本中也存在。

[KomachiSion]

我看最新版的pg config-info的dataid为：

"data_id" varchar(255) NOT NULL,

是不是不会出现你这个问题了？

而且3.0之后的版本 归一化应该是public

[KomachiSion]

我在最新 upstream/develop 上做了一轮确认，这个问题当前还不能按描述直接认定为 Nacos bug。

当前 develop 中，PostgreSQL schema 对需要校验的配置表仍然定义为：

• config_info.tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
• config_info_gray.tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
• config_tags_relation.tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
• his_config_info.tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''

对应的 pg-upgrade-null-tenant-id.sql 也是将历史 NULL tenant_id 更新为 ''，再设置 NOT NULL。

我用 postgres:16-alpine 验证了 information_schema.columns.column_default 的实际返回：

CREATE TABLE t_empty (tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '');
CREATE TABLE t_null (tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT NULL);
CREATE TABLE t_text (tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''::text);
CREATE TABLE t_bpchar (tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''::bpchar);
CREATE TABLE t_none (tenant_id varchar(128) NOT NULL);

查询结果为：

t_empty  | NO | ''::character varying
t_null   | NO | NULL::character varying
t_text   | NO | ''::text
t_bpchar | NO | ''::bpchar
t_none   | NO | <NULL>

也就是说，在该 PostgreSQL 版本下，DEFAULT '' 不会被规范化为 NULL::character varying。NULL::character varying 更像是真正的 DEFAULT NULL，不是空字符串默认值。因此 issue 当前描述中的核心前提需要进一步确认。

另外，从当前 3.x 代码路径看，配置发布等正常流程已经会把空 namespace 归一化为默认 namespaceId（如 public）或用户指定 namespaceId，并在 insert 时显式写入 tenant_id。DEFAULT '' 更像是历史 schema/旧数据迁移的兜底约束，而不是当前正常写入路径依赖的逻辑。

即使后续确认某些 PostgreSQL 版本或兼容数据库确实存在不同的 column_default 表达，也不建议在 3.2.3 中继续向 ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl 增加 PostgreSQL 特判。ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl 是通用外置数据源实现，当前把 PostgreSQL schema 校验逻辑放在这里本身就不太合理。更合适的方向是后续在 3.3.0 或更大的版本中扩展 datasource plugin 的能力，例如增加 schema validator / migration checker，让 PostgreSQL plugin 自己提供这类校验逻辑。

因此我的建议是：

1. 该 issue 暂不纳入 3.2.3 修复范围。
2. 请补充具体 PostgreSQL/兼容数据库版本、完整建表 DDL、以及下面 SQL 的实际输出：

SHOW server_version;

SELECT table_name, column_name, is_nullable, column_default
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_schema = current_schema()
  AND column_name = 'tenant_id'
  AND table_name IN (
    'config_info',
    'config_info_gray',
    'config_tags_relation',
    'his_config_info'
  )
ORDER BY table_name;

3. 如果后续确认确有兼容性问题，建议在 3.3.0 中通过 datasource plugin 层重构处理，而不是继续放在通用 ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl 中。

[hytz]

1、经确认，我所使用的Postgresql并非原生版本，而是腾讯云的TDSQL PG版本，PG内核为10.0，且开启了Oracle兼容模式；经确认，该版本会将“‘’”规范化为null。
2、由于所使用的数据库经过了魔改，该issu应不属于Nacos bug。