Skip to content

QEMU-USER-SUPPORTED-ARCH.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
301 lines (262 loc) · 12.9 KB

QEMU-USER-SUPPORTED-ARCH.md

File metadata and controls

301 lines (262 loc) · 12.9 KB
Raw

Qemu-user supported architectures

I also list the tools I used in my Ubuntu 25.10 environment.

x86

  • toolchain: gcc via apt with -m32 option.
  • qemu: qemu-i386 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

x64

  • toolchain: gcc via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-x86_64 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

arm (Cortex-A)

  • toolchain: gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-arm via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

aarch64 (Cortex-A)

  • toolchain: gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-aarch64 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

ppc32

  • toolchain: gcc-powerpc-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-ppc via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

ppc64

  • toolchain: gcc-powerpc64{,le}-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-ppc64{,le} via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

mips32

  • toolchain: gcc-mips{,el}-linux-gnu via apt.
  • toolchain (Ubuntu 25.10): mips32{,el}--glibc--stable-2025.08-1 from https://toolchains.bootlin.com/
  • qemu: qemu-mips{,el} via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

mips64

  • toolchain: gcc-mips64{,el}-linux-gnuabi64 via apt.
  • toolchain (Ubuntu 25.10): not found.
  • qemu: qemu-mips64{,el} via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

mipsn32

  • toolchain: gcc-multilib-mips{,el}-linux-gnu or gcc-multilib-mips64{,el}-linux-gnuabi64 via apt with -mabi=n32 option.
  • toolchain (Ubuntu 25.10): mips64{,el}-n32--glibc--stable-2025.08-1 from https://toolchains.bootlin.com/
  • qemu: qemu-mipsn32{,el} via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

sparc32

sparc32plus

  • toolchain: gcc-multilib-sparc64-linux-gnu via apt with -m32 option.
  • qemu: qemu-sparc32plus via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

sparc64

  • toolchain: gcc-sparc64-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-sparc64 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

riscv32

riscv64

  • toolchain: gcc-riscv64-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-riscv64 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

s390x

  • toolchain: gcc-s390x-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-s390x via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

sh4

  • toolchain: gcc-sh4-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-sh4 via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

m68k

  • toolchain: gcc-m68k-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-m68k via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

alpha

  • toolchain: gcc-alpha-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-alpha via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

hppa32 (PA-RISC)

  • toolchain: gcc-hppa-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: qemu-hppa via apt.
  • gdb: gdb-multiarch via apt.

or1k (OpenRISC 1000)

nios2

microblaze

xtensa (lx60)

  • toolchain: xtensa-lx60--uclibc--stable-2025.08-1 from https://toolchains.bootlin.com/
    • Because the toolchain obtained with apt seems to be broken since the C header is unavailable.
  • qemu: qemu-xtensa via apt.
  • gdb: xtensa-lx60--uclibc--bleeding-edge-2023.08-1 from https://toolchains.bootlin.com/
    • Because gdb built from latest source will not work with set architecture xtensa.
    • But old toolchain (not 2025, but 2023) includes xtensa-linux-gdb that works fine.

cris

  • lib: cris-dist_1.64-1_i386.deb
  • toolchain: x86_64-gcc-7.3.0-nolibc_cris-linux.tar.xz from http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/kernel/tools/crosstool/
    • mkdir cris-gcc-7.3.0-glibc && tar xf x86_64-gcc-7.3.0-nolibc_cris-linux.tar.xz -C cris-gcc-7.3.0-glibc --strip-components 1
    • cd cris-gcc-7.3.0-glibc && mkdir rootfs && dpkg-deb -x ../cris-dist_1.64-1_i386.deb rootfs
    • export CRIS=$(pwd)/rootfs/usr/local/cris/cris-axis-linux-gnu
    • cd /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu && ln -s libisl.so.{23,15} && ln -s libmpfr.so.{6,4}
    • cris-linux-gcc -B $CRIS/lib -I $CRIS/sys-include -static ./test.c
  • qemu: qemu-cris via apt.
    • It needs -cpu option like qemu-cris -cpu crisv17 -g 1234 ./a.out.
    • Could not use -cpu crisv32 because gdb does not support it.
  • gdb: build from latest. See docs/FAQ.

loongarch64

arc32 (HS38; ARCv2)

  • toolchain: gcc-arc-linux-gnu via apt.
  • qemu: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/qemu
    • Add #ifndef and #endif like following to linux-user/syscall.c. 
      • 341 #ifndef SCHED_ATTR_SIZE_VER0
342 struct sched_attr {
343     uint32_t size;
344     uint32_t sched_policy;
345     uint64_t sched_flags;
346     int32_t sched_nice;
347     uint32_t sched_priority;
348     uint64_t sched_runtime;
349     uint64_t sched_deadline;
350     uint64_t sched_period;
351     uint32_t sched_util_min;
352     uint32_t sched_util_max;
353 };
354 #endif
    • ./configure --target-list=arc-linux-user --disable-werror && make && cp build/qemu-arc /usr/local/bin
    • It needs -cpu option like qemu-arc -cpu hs5x -g 1234 ./a.out.
  • gdb: build from latest. See docs/FAQ.

arc32 (HS58; ARCv3)

  • toolchain: arc_gnu_2025.09_prebuilt_arc32_glibc_linux_install.tar.bz2
    • gdb is included, but it does not support python3.
  • qemu: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/qemu
    • Add #ifndef and #endif like following to linux-user/syscall.c. 
      • 341 #ifndef SCHED_ATTR_SIZE_VER0
342 struct sched_attr {
343     uint32_t size;
344     uint32_t sched_policy;
345     uint64_t sched_flags;
346     int32_t sched_nice;
347     uint32_t sched_priority;
348     uint64_t sched_runtime;
349     uint64_t sched_deadline;
350     uint64_t sched_period;
351     uint32_t sched_util_min;
352     uint32_t sched_util_max;
353 };
354 #endif
    • ./configure --target-list=arc-linux-user --disable-werror && make && cp build/qemu-arc /usr/local/bin
    • It needs -cpu option like qemu-arc -cpu hs5x -g 1234 ./a.out.
  • gdb: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/binutils-gdb
    • ./configure --disable-{binutils,ld,gold,gas,sim,gprof,gprofng} --target=arc64-snps-linux-gnu --with-python=/usr/bin/python3 && make && cp gdb/gdb /usr/local/bin/gdb-arc

arc64 (HS68; ARCv3)

  • toolchain: arc_gnu_2025.09_prebuilt_arc64_glibc_linux_install.tar.bz2
    • gdb is included, but it does not support python3.
  • qemu: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/qemu
    • Add #ifndef and #endif like following to linux-user/syscall.c. 
      • 341 #ifndef SCHED_ATTR_SIZE_VER0
342 struct sched_attr {
343     uint32_t size;
344     uint32_t sched_policy;
345     uint64_t sched_flags;
346     int32_t sched_nice;
347     uint32_t sched_priority;
348     uint64_t sched_runtime;
349     uint64_t sched_deadline;
350     uint64_t sched_period;
351     uint32_t sched_util_min;
352     uint32_t sched_util_max;
353 };
354 #endif
    • ./configure --target-list=arc64-linux-user --disable-werror && make && cp build/qemu-arc64 /usr/local/bin
    • It needs -cpu option like qemu-arc64 -cpu hs6x -g 1234 ./a.out.
  • gdb: https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/binutils-gdb
    • ./configure --disable-{binutils,ld,gold,gas,sim,gprof,gprofng} --target=arc64-snps-linux-gnu --with-python=/usr/bin/python3 && make && cp gdb/gdb /usr/local/bin/gdb-arc

csky

  • toolchain: https://github.com/c-sky/toolchain-build
    • apt -y install autoconf automake autotools-dev curl python3 libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev
    • git submodule update --init && python3 build-csky-gcc.py csky-gcc --src ./ --triple csky-unknown-linux-gnu --disable-gdb
    • build-gcc-csky-unknown-linux-gnu/Xuantie-800-gcc-linux-5.10.4-glibc-x86_64 is result toolchains.
  • qemu: https://github.com/XUANTIE-RV/qemu
    • Add #ifndef and #endif like following to linux-user/syscall.c. 
      • 364 #ifndef SCHED_ATTR_SIZE_VER0
365 struct sched_attr {
366     uint32_t size;
367     uint32_t sched_policy;
368     uint64_t sched_flags;
369     int32_t sched_nice;
370     uint32_t sched_priority;
371     uint64_t sched_runtime;
372     uint64_t sched_deadline;
373     uint64_t sched_period;
374     uint32_t sched_util_min;
375     uint32_t sched_util_max;
376 };
377 #endif
    • ./configure --target-list=cskyv1-linux-user,cskyv1eb-linux-user,cskyv2-linux-user,cskyv2eb-linux-user --disable-{bpf,werror} && make && cp build/qemu-cskyv{1,2}{,eb} /usr/local/bin
    • It needs -cpu option like qemu-cskyv2 -cpu ck810 -g 1234 ./a.out.
  • gdb: build from latest. See docs/FAQ.

Qemu-user UNSUPPORTED architectures

These will be added if I find a combination that works. If you find it, please let me know in the issue page.

bfin:

hexagon:

tilegx:

s390

  • toolchain: gcc-multilib-s390x-linux-gnu via apt with -m31 option.
  • toolchain (Ubuntu 25.04): not found.
  • qemu: not found.
  • gdb: build from latest. See docs/FAQ.

hppa64

  • toolchain: gcc-hppa64-linux via apt.
  • lib: not found.
  • qemu: not found.
  • gdb: not found.

loongarch32

e2k

  • toolchain: not found.
  • qemu: https://github.com/OpenE2K/qemu-e2k
    • ./configure --target-list=e2k-linux-user --disable-werror && make && cp build/qemu-e2k /usr/local/bin
  • gdb: https://github.com/OpenE2K/binutils-gdb
    • git switch gdb-9.1-mcst
    • mkdir build && cd build && ../configure --disable-{binutils,ld,gold,gas,sim,gprof,gprofng,nls,bpf} --target=e2k-linux-gnu --with-python=/usr/bin/python3 && make
    • Crash when it executes. It seems that binding python3 failed.

nds32