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Test a few ways to compact the existing GTFS-RT raw data into Archive storage #5663

Description

@vevetron

The raw bucket calitp-gtfs-rt-raw-v2 is ~44 TiB spread across ~2.23 billion tiny
(20 KB) objects on Standard storage ($1,036/mo). We want to collapse those into a
small number of large files in Archive-class storage. Before committing to a
full-backlog job, try a couple of approaches on a sample and compare cost, speed,
and effort.

Try a few options on a slice of the data (e.g. one day of one feed_type), for
example:

  • A compaction job (Cloud Run job / Dataflow / Airflow) that reads the tiny objects
    for a period and writes one large file — e.g. Avro, or gzipped-concatenated
    protobuf — directly to an Archive-class bucket.
  • Different formats / rollup granularity (hourly vs daily files).

For each, note how long it took, the rough cost, and how hard it was.

Done when:

  • We have a recommended approach with measured time + cost to compact a sample.
  • The compacted Archive files are still readable/reprocessable — parse and
    validate can read the data back out — so nothing is lost in the format change.
  • We have enough to size the full-backlog job.

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infrastructureMaintenance of infrastructure supporting the data warehouse. Product owner is @evansiroky

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