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<!doctype html>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%89%8D%E8%A8%80"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">前言</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">怎么搭建博客</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">怎么构建命令行工具</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E5%86%99Node%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">怎么写Node插件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E6%A1%8C%E9%9D%A2%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-number">5.</span> <span class="toc-text">怎么构建桌面应用</span></a></li></ol>
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<a id="那些没什么卵用的前端技巧" class="article-link" href="">
那些没什么卵用的前端技巧
</a>
</h1>
<div class="post-meta">
<time class="meta published">
Apr 16, 2019
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<!-- 文章声明 -->
<div class="article">
<div class="post-excerpt markdown-body">
<p>作为<strong>面向装逼编程</strong>的坚定的追随者，掌握几门工具，快速实现一些看起来高大上的功能，是不可或缺的优良品质。现我仅将一两门学（tou）来的手艺公布于此，以此感（hu）化（you）新教徒：</p>
<ol>
<li><p>怎么搭建博客（<code>hexo</code> + <code>github pages</code>篇）</p>
</li>
<li><p>怎么构建命令行工具（<code>npm</code>篇）</p>
</li>
<li><p>怎么写Node插件（ <code>c++</code>篇）</p>
</li>
<li><p>怎么构建桌面应用（<code>Electron</code>篇）</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>本文属于抛砖引玉型文章，每一点均可深入探索，在此不展开；</p>
<p>本文的命令均基于Mac进行，Win下有差异，自行搜索解决；</p>
<p>假如遇到问题，给一些思路：</p>
<ul>
<li>保证网络顺畅可翻墙（或采用淘宝镜像）</li>
<li>Win下构建C++，<code>npm install windows-build-tools</code>（耗时几分钟到几个小时不等）</li>
<li>遇到权限问题，<code>sudo</code> + 命令 或<code>sudo chown -R ${whoami} ~/</code>（掀桌子行为）</li>
<li>请确保语法、路径、项目名正确</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="怎么搭建博客"><a href="#怎么搭建博客" class="headerlink" title="怎么搭建博客"></a>怎么搭建博客</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://hexo.io/zh-cn/index.html">HEXO</a>：快速、简洁且高效的博客框架</p>
<ul>
<li>执行命令</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install hexo-cli -g</span><br><span class="line">hexo init blog</span><br><span class="line">cd blog</span><br><span class="line">npm install</span><br><span class="line">hexo server</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>github创建Repo</li>
<li>采用<code>hexo-deployer-git</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install hexo-deployer-git --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>修改<code>_config.yml</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight yml"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">deploy:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">type:</span> <span class="string">git</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">repo:</span> <span class="string">git@github.com:wps-word-fe/blog.git</span> <span class="comment"># git repo地址</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">branch:</span> <span class="string">gh-pages</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>构建：<code>hexo d</code></li>
<li><code>github</code>会默认启用<code>github pages</code>：eg：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://wps-word-fe.github.io/blog/">https://wps-word-fe.github.io/blog/</a></li>
<li>假如没有绑定到更域名，需要更改<code>root</code>路径：<code>/blog/</code>（特指repo的名称）</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="怎么构建命令行工具"><a href="#怎么构建命令行工具" class="headerlink" title="怎么构建命令行工具"></a>怎么构建命令行工具</h2><ul>
<li>创建项目</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir cmd && cd cmd && npm init</span><br><span class="line">mkdir bin && cd bin && touch ./resume.js</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>使用<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/commander">commander</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install commander --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#!/usr/bin/env node</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// resume.js</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> program = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'commander'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">program.<span class="title function_">version</span>(<span class="string">'0.0.1'</span>).<span class="title function_">description</span>(<span class="string">'这是我的简历'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">option</span>(<span class="string">'-n, --nick'</span>, <span class="string">'我的名字'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">option</span>(<span class="string">'-a, --age'</span>, <span class="string">'我的年龄'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">option</span>(<span class="string">'-t, --total'</span>, <span class="string">'总览'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">program.<span class="title function_">parse</span>(process.<span class="property">argv</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (program.<span class="property">nick</span>) { <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">'乐乐'</span>);} </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (program.<span class="property">age</span>) { <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">'25'</span>); }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (program.<span class="property">total</span>) { <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">姓名：李健乐</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">学校：山东大学 专业：软件工程</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">职业：前端工程师 工作经验：三年</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">特长：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 进能 搞不掂 我他妈今晚就不睡了</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 退能 保进度 一板砖拍死测试再说</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">`</span></span><br><span class="line"> )</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>测试</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">node ./bin/cmd.js --help</span><br><span class="line">node ./bin/cmd.js -n # 乐乐</span><br><span class="line">node ./bin/cmd.js -a # 25 </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>发布</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"@edeity/resume"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"version"</span>: <span class="string">"0.0.1"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"description"</span>: <span class="string">"my resume cmd"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"main"</span>: <span class="string">"index.js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"bin"</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"resume"</span>: <span class="string">"bin/resume.js"</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"scripts"</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"test"</span>: <span class="string">"echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"author"</span>: <span class="string">""</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"license"</span>: <span class="string">"MIT"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"dependencies"</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"commander"</span>: <span class="string">"^2.20.0"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">npm config <span class="built_in">set</span> registry <span class="string">"https://registry.npmjs.org"</span></span></span><br><span class="line">npm login</span><br><span class="line">npm publish --access public</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">npm unpublish --force</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">npm config <span class="built_in">set</span> registry <span class="string">"https://registry.npm.taobao.org"</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>测试</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo npm install @edeity/resume --global</span><br><span class="line">resume --help</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="怎么写Node插件"><a href="#怎么写Node插件" class="headerlink" title="怎么写Node插件"></a>怎么写Node插件</h2><ul>
<li>创建项目</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir addons && cd addons && npm init</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li><code>binding.gyp</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'targets'</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'target_name'</span>: <span class="string">'addons'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'sources'</span>: [],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"include_dirs"</span> : [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"<!(node -e \"require('nan')\")"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'conditions'</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">'OS == "mac"'</span>, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'sources'</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'clipboard/cpb_mac.mm'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'libraries'</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'-framework AppKit'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> }],</span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>编写<code>C++代码</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string"><nan.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string"><AppKit/AppKit.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title">Method</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> Nan::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info)</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> v8::Local<v8::Array> fileArray = Nan::<span class="built_in">New</span><v8::Array>();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> NSPasteboard *pboard = [NSPasteboard generalPasteboard];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// TODO Objective-C++ 自动引用回收问题</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// TODO NSPasteboardTypeFileURL 只支持 10.13 以及以后的版本</span></span><br><span class="line"> NSString *fileURL = [pboard stringForType:NSPasteboardTypeFileURL];</span><br><span class="line"> NSString *fileName = [pboard stringForType:NSPasteboardTypeString];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (fileURL != nil) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *fileUtf8Name = [fileName UTF8String];</span><br><span class="line"> v8::Local<v8::String> tempName = Nan::<span class="built_in">New</span><v8::String>(fileUtf8Name).<span class="built_in">ToLocalChecked</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> Nan::<span class="built_in">Set</span>(fileArray, <span class="number">0</span>, tempName);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> info.<span class="built_in">GetReturnValue</span>().<span class="built_in">Set</span>(fileArray);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title">Init</span><span class="params">(v8::Local<v8::Object> exports)</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> exports-><span class="built_in">Set</span>(Nan::<span class="built_in">New</span>(<span class="string">"getClipboardFiles"</span>).<span class="built_in">ToLocalChecked</span>(),</span><br><span class="line"> Nan::<span class="built_in">New</span><v8::FunctionTemplate>(Method)-><span class="built_in">GetFunction</span>());</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">NODE_MODULE</span>(clipboard, Init)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>构建：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/node-gyp">node-gyp</a>、<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/bindings">bindings</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install node-gyp -g</span><br><span class="line">npm install bindings nan --save</span><br><span class="line">node-gyp configure</span><br><span class="line">node-gyp build</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>测试</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> clipboard = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'bindings'</span>)(<span class="string">'addons'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> process = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'process'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(process.<span class="property">platform</span> === <span class="string">'darwin'</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(clipboard.<span class="title function_">getClipboardData</span>());</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">exports</span> = <span class="variable language_">module</span>.<span class="property">exports</span> = clipboard;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">node index.js # your copy data</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="怎么构建桌面应用"><a href="#怎么构建桌面应用" class="headerlink" title="怎么构建桌面应用"></a>怎么构建桌面应用</h2><ul>
<li>用<code>CRA</code>构建一个应用</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npx create-react-app electron-app && cd electron-app && npm start</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>声明<code>electron</code>入口<code>main.js</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// package.json</span></span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// ...</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"main"</span>: <span class="string">"./public/electron.js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"homepage"</span>: <span class="string">"./"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// main.js</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> { app, <span class="title class_">BrowserWindow</span>, <span class="title class_">Menu</span> } = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'electron'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'path'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> url = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'url'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="variable constant_">IS_DEV</span> = process.<span class="property">env</span>.<span class="property">NODE_ENV</span> === <span class="string">'development'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> mainWindow</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">createWindow</span>(<span class="params"></span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> menu = <span class="title class_">Menu</span>.<span class="title function_">buildFromTemplate</span>([])</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title class_">Menu</span>.<span class="title function_">setApplicationMenu</span>(menu) <span class="comment">// 设置菜单部分</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// Create the browser window.</span></span><br><span class="line"> mainWindow = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">BrowserWindow</span>({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">width</span>: <span class="number">600</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">height</span>: <span class="number">400</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">'大哥大嫂过年好！'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">resizable</span>: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">transparent</span>: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">frame</span>: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">titleBarStyle</span>: <span class="string">'customButtonsOnHover'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// titleBarStyle: 'hidden',</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">hasShadow</span>: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">alwaysOnTop</span>: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 加载应用</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> staticIndexPath = path.<span class="title function_">join</span>(__dirname, <span class="string">'./build/index.html'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> main = <span class="variable constant_">IS_DEV</span> ? <span class="string">`http://localhost:3000`</span> : url.<span class="title function_">format</span>({</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">pathname</span>: staticIndexPath,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">protocol</span>: <span class="string">'file:'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">slashes</span>: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> mainWindow.<span class="title function_">loadURL</span>(main)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> mainWindow.<span class="title function_">on</span>(<span class="string">'closed'</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> mainWindow = <span class="literal">null</span></span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">on</span>(<span class="string">'ready'</span>, createWindow)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">on</span>(<span class="string">'window-all-closed'</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> app.<span class="title function_">quit</span>()</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">on</span>(<span class="string">'activate'</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (mainWindow === <span class="literal">null</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">createWindow</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>测试：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install electorn -g</span><br><span class="line">NODE_ENV=development electron .</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>构建</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install electron-builder -g</span><br><span class="line">rm -rf ./build && rm -rf ./dist</span><br><span class="line">npm run build</span><br><span class="line">electron-builder</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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