README.md

🌈 RGB LED Control using Arduino (With Serial Monitor Output)

This project demonstrates how to control an RGB LED using an Arduino.
Different colors are generated using PWM, and the active color name is displayed on the Serial Monitor.

The project can be simulated using Wokwi.

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🔗 Simulation Link

👉 Open Simulation

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🔌 Circuit Diagram

👉

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🔧 Components Required

• Arduino Uno
• RGB LED (Common Cathode)
• 3 × 220Ω Resistors
• Breadboard
• Jumper Wires

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🔌 Pin Connections (Common Cathode RGB LED)

RGB Pin	Arduino Pin
Red	D9
Green	D10
Blue	D11
Cathode	GND

Connection Details

• Connect each color pin through a 220Ω resistor to Arduino.
• Connect the common cathode pin to GND.
• PWM pins (9, 10, 11) are used for brightness control.

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🧠 Working Principle

• RGB LED contains three internal LEDs: Red, Green, and Blue.
• Arduino uses analogWrite() to control brightness (0–255).
• Different intensity combinations create different colors.
• Each time the color changes, its name is printed on the Serial Monitor.

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💻 Arduino Code

#define redPin 9
#define greenPin 10
#define bluePin 11

void setup() {
  pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {

  Serial.println("Color: RED");
  analogWrite(redPin, 255);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 0);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 0);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: GREEN");
  analogWrite(redPin, 0);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 255);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 0);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: BLUE");
  analogWrite(redPin, 0);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 0);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 255);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: YELLOW");
  analogWrite(redPin, 255);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 255);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 0);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: CYAN");
  analogWrite(redPin, 0);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 255);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 255);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: MAGENTA");
  analogWrite(redPin, 255);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 0);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 255);
  delay(1000);

  Serial.println("Color: WHITE");
  analogWrite(redPin, 255);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 255);
  analogWrite(bluePin, 255);
  delay(1000);
}

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📌 Applications

• Decorative lighting

• Mood lighting systems

• Smart home lighting

• Color mixing experiments

• Embedded systems learning

🚀 Future Improvements

• Smooth color fading using PWM

• Control RGB via Serial input

• Bluetooth-based RGB control

• IoT web dashboard integration

• Potentiometer-based color mixing

👨‍💻 Author

Kritish