Based on data from the OpenGenes database, here are the top genes that extend lifespan in C. elegans when their function is reduced. The most prominent are genes in the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway, which is a well-established regulator of longevity.
Here is a summary of the findings:
| Gene | Mean Lifespan Increase (%) | Max Lifespan Increase (%) | Intervention Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| IGF1R | 184.0 | 153.6 | Gene modification |
| INSR | 184.0 | 153.6 | Gene modification |
| PIK3CB | 160.0 | - | Gene knockout |
| PIK3CA | 160.0 | - | Gene knockout |
| PIK3CD | 160.0 | - | Gene knockout |
| TYMS | 155.4 | 107.7 | Interfering RNA transgene |
| MTOR | 150.0 | - | RNA interference |
Downregulating these genes, particularly IGF1R (Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor) and INSR (Insulin receptor), can lead to a lifespan extension of up to 184%. Other key genes include PIK3CA/B/D and MTOR, also part of related nutrient-sensing pathways. The methods used to achieve this include gene knockout, RNA interference, and other genetic modifications that result in a loss of function.