painters.js

var paint = {
    "ph": {
        "\/en\/pablo_picasso": {
            "id": "\/en\/pablo_picasso",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000303e7",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a7be9e",
            "name": "Pablo Picasso",
            "abstract": "Pablo Diego Jos\u00e9 Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Mar\u00eda\nde los Remedios Cipriano de la Sant\u00edsima Trinidad Ruiz y\nPicasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso (Spanish\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8pa\u03b2lo \u02c8rwi\u03b8 pi\u02c8kaso]; 25 October\n1881\u00a0\u2013 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, draughtsman,\nand sculptor who lived most of his adult life in France. He\nis best known for co-founding the Cubist movement, and for\nthe wide variety of styles that he helped develop and worked\nin. Among his most famous works are the...",
            "birthyear": "1881",
            "name_short": "PICASSO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/analytic_cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/atheism": 1,
                "\/en\/ceramics": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_modern_and_contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1,
                "\/en\/synthetic_cubism": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1,
                "\/en\/david_smith_1906": 1,
                "\/en\/diego_rivera": 1,
                "\/en\/francis_picabia": 1,
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1,
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1,
                "\/en\/jan_matulka": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1,
                "\/en\/karel_appel": 1,
                "\/en\/piet_mondrian": 1,
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1,
                "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1,
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/francisco_goya": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_rousseau": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 12,
            "d1": 0.869362253233,
            "d2": 0.165801788673
        },
        "\/en\/henri_matisse": {
            "id": "\/en\/henri_matisse",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000072f3f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab136d",
            "name": "Henri Matisse",
            "abstract": "Henri Matisse (French pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0251\u0303\u0281i matis]; 31\nDecember 1869 \u2013 3 November 1954) was a French artist,\nknown for his use of colour and his fluid and original\ndraughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and\nsculptor, but is known primarily as a painter. Matisse is\ncommonly regarded, along with Picasso and Marcel Duchamp, as\none of the three artists who helped to define the\nrevolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the\nopening decades of the 20th century, responsible for...",
            "birthyear": "1869",
            "name_short": "MATISSE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/collage": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/fauvism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/neo-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1,
                "\/en\/david_hockney": 1,
                "\/en\/francis_picabia": 1,
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1,
                "\/en\/hans_hofmann": 1,
                "\/en\/karel_appel": 1,
                "\/en\/milton_avery": 1,
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1,
                "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_gauguin": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_signac": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 9,
            "d1": 0.812057464637,
            "d2": 0.23927959769
        },
        "\/en\/caravaggio": {
            "id": "\/en\/caravaggio",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000001014e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5f8e5",
            "name": "Caravaggio",
            "abstract": "Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (29 September 1571 \u2013 18\nJuly 1610) was an Italian artist active in Rome, Naples,\nMalta, and Sicily between 1593 and 1610. His paintings,\nwhich combine a realistic observation of the human state,\nboth physical and emotional, with a dramatic use of\nlighting, had a formative influence on the Baroque school of\npainting.\nCaravaggio trained as a painter in Milan under a master who\nhad himself trained under Titian. In his early twenties\nCaravaggio moved to Rome...",
            "birthyear": "1571",
            "name_short": "CARAVAGGIO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_people": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/adam_elsheimer": 1,
                "\/en\/dirck_van_baburen": 1,
                "\/en\/frank_stella": 1,
                "\/en\/hendrick_ter_brugghen": 1,
                "\/en\/odd_nerdrum": 1,
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1,
                "\/en\/simon_vouet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 7,
            "d1": 0.197098968162,
            "d2": 0.311578304526
        },
        "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": {
            "id": "\/en\/marcel_duchamp",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000005596f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000072faac8",
            "name": "Marcel Duchamp",
            "abstract": "Marcel Duchamp (28 July 1887 \u2013 2 October 1968; French\npronunciation:\u00a0[ma\u0281s\u025bl dy\u02c8\u0283\u0251\u0303]) was a French artist\nwhose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and\nSurrealist movements. Duchamp's output influenced the\ndevelopment of post-World War I Western art. He advised\nmodern art collectors, such as Peggy Guggenheim and other\nprominent figures, thereby helping to shape the tastes of\nWestern art during this period.\nA playful man, Duchamp challenged conventional thought\nabout artistic...",
            "birthyear": "1887",
            "name_short": "DUCHAMP",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/conceptual_art": 1,
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/librarian": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/section_dor": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_warhol": 1,
                "\/en\/banksy": 1,
                "\/en\/damien_hirst": 1,
                "\/en\/francis_picabia": 1,
                "\/en\/jasper_johns": 1,
                "\/en\/michael_craig-martin": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_rauschenberg": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/joseph_cornell": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 7,
            "d1": 0.607329757156,
            "d2": 0.450685368166
        },
        "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": {
            "id": "\/en\/eugene_delacroix",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000136003",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b0c16b",
            "name": "Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix",
            "abstract": "Ferdinand Victor Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix (26 April 1798 \u2013 13\nAugust 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the\noutset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic\nschool. Delacroix's use of expressive brushstrokes and his\nstudy of the optical effects of colour profoundly shaped the\nwork of the Impressionists, while his passion for the exotic\ninspired the artists of the Symbolist movement. A fine\nlithographer, Delacroix illustrated various works of William\nShakespeare, the Scottish...",
            "birthyear": "1798",
            "name_short": "DELACROIX",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1,
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/pierre-auguste_renoir": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 6,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/paul_cezanne": {
            "id": "\/en\/paul_cezanne",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000030e7c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a7caf6",
            "name": "Paul C\u00e9zanne",
            "abstract": "Paul C\u00e9zanne (French pronunciation:\u00a0[p\u0254l se\u02c8zan]; 19\nJanuary 1839 \u2013 22 October 1906) was a French artist and\nPost-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations\nof the transition from the 19th century conception of\nartistic endeavour to a new and radically different world of\nart in the 20th century. C\u00e9zanne can be said to form the\nbridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early\n20th century's new line of artistic enquiry, Cubism. The\nline attributed to both Matisse and...",
            "birthyear": "1839",
            "name_short": "C\u00e9ZANNE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andre_derain": 1,
                "\/en\/diego_rivera": 1,
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_mitchell": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/camille_pissarro": 1,
                "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny": 1,
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/gustave_courbet": 1,
                "\/en\/nicolas_poussin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 6,
            "to_count": 6,
            "d1": 0.382127159979,
            "d2": 0.13056757621
        },
        "\/en\/gustave_courbet": {
            "id": "\/en\/gustave_courbet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000165b21",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b2f545",
            "name": "Gustave Courbet",
            "abstract": "Jean D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819\u201331 December\n1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in\n19th-century French painting. The Realist movement bridged\nthe Romantic movement (characterized by the paintings of\nTh\u00e9odore G\u00e9ricault and Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix), with the\nBarbizon School and the Impressionists. Courbet occupies an\nimportant place in 19th century French painting as an\ninnovator and as an artist willing to make bold social\ncommentary in his work.\nCourbet painted...",
            "birthyear": "1819",
            "name_short": "COURBET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny": 1,
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/edward_hopper": 1,
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 5,
            "d1": 0.374911037694,
            "d2": 0.346195388212
        },
        "\/en\/diego_velazquez": {
            "id": "\/en\/diego_velazquez",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000008a45d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007934142",
            "name": "Diego Vel\u00e1zquez",
            "abstract": "Diego Rodr\u00edguez de Silva y Vel\u00e1zquez (Spanish\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8dje\u0263o ro\u02c8\u00f0ri\u0263e\u03b8 \u00f0e \u02c8sil\u03b2a i\n\u03b2e\u02c8la\u03b8ke\u03b8]; June 6, 1599 \u2013 August 6, 1660) was a\nSpanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of\nKing Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the\ncontemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist.\nIn addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical\nand cultural significance, he painted scores of portraits of\nthe Spanish royal family, other notable European figures,...",
            "birthyear": "1599",
            "name_short": "VEL\u00e1ZQUEZ",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/jew": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1,
                "\/en\/francis_bacon_1909": 1,
                "\/en\/john_singer_sargent": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 5,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/rembrandt": {
            "id": "\/en\/rembrandt",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000ac4742",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a9d0fc",
            "name": "Rembrandt",
            "abstract": "Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (Dutch\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8r\u025bmbr\u0251nt \u02c8\u0266\u0251rm\u0259(n)so\u02d0n v\u0251n\n\u02c8r\u025bin], 15 July 1606\u00a0\u2013 4 October 1669) was a Dutch\npainter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the\ngreatest painters and printmakers in European art history\nand the most important in Dutch history. His contributions\nto art came in a period that historians call the Dutch\nGolden Age.\nHaving achieved youthful success as a portrait painter, his\nlater years were marked by personal tragedy and financial...",
            "birthyear": "1606",
            "name_short": "REMBRANDT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_people": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/bartholomeus_van_der_helst": 1,
                "\/en\/carel_fabritius": 1,
                "\/en\/gerard_dou": 1,
                "\/en\/john_lekay": 1,
                "\/en\/odd_nerdrum": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hendrick_ter_brugghen": 1,
                "\/en\/hercules_seghers": 1,
                "\/en\/titian": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 5,
            "d1": 0.282199218158,
            "d2": 0.10679489897
        },
        "\/en\/titian": {
            "id": "\/en\/titian",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000012127a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004afc943",
            "name": "Titian",
            "abstract": "Tiziano Vecelli or Tiziano Vecellio (c. 1488\/1490 \u2013 27\nAugust 1576 better known as Titian ( \/\u02c8t\u026a\u0283\u0259n\/) was an\nItalian painter, the most important member of the\n16th-century Venetian school. He was born in Pieve di\nCadore, near Belluno (in Veneto), in the Republic of Venice.\nDuring his lifetime he was often called da Cadore, taken\nfrom the place of his birth.\nRecognized by his contemporaries as \"The Sun Amidst Small\nStars\" (recalling the famous final line of Dante's\nParadiso), Titian was one...",
            "birthyear": "1485",
            "name_short": "TITIAN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/high_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/alonso_sanchez_coello": 1,
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1,
                "\/en\/pietro_da_cortona": 1,
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 4,
            "d1": 0.264097658106,
            "d2": 0.263810569728
        },
        "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": {
            "id": "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000008643f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004abfb79",
            "name": "James McNeill Whistler",
            "abstract": "James Abbott McNeill Whistler (July 10, 1834 \u2013 July 17,\n1903) was an American-born, British-based artist. Averse to\nsentimentality and moral allusion in painting, he was a\nleading proponent of the credo \"art for art's sake\". His\nfamous signature for his paintings was in the shape of a\nstylized butterfly possessing a long stinger for a tail. The\nsymbol was apt, for it combined both aspects of his\npersonality\u2014his art was characterized by a subtle\ndelicacy, while his public persona was...",
            "birthyear": "1834",
            "name_short": "WHISTLER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/aestheticism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/grand_manner": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/james_wilson_morrice": 1,
                "\/en\/john_singer_sargent": 1,
                "\/en\/walter_sickert": 1,
                "\/en\/william_merritt_chase": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gustave_courbet": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_walter_weir": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 4,
            "d1": 0.137775554007,
            "d2": 0.431721180581
        },
        "\/en\/arnold_bocklin": {
            "id": "\/en\/arnold_bocklin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000037d915",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c72316",
            "name": "Arnold B\u00f6cklin",
            "abstract": "Arnold B\u00f6cklin (16 October 1827\u00a0\u2013 16 January 1901) was a\nSwiss symbolist painter.\nHe studied at D\u00fcsseldorf where he became a friend of\nLudwig Andreas Feuerbach. Originally a landscape painter,\nhis travels through Brussels, Zurich, Geneva and Rome,\nexposed him to classical and Renaissance art, and the\nMediterranean landscape. These new influences brought\nallegorical and mythological figures into his compositions.\nIn 1866 he resided at Basel, in 1871 in Munich, in 1885 in\nHottingen...",
            "birthyear": "1827",
            "name_short": "B\u00f6CKLIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/switzerland": 1,
                "\/en\/vienna_secession": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edvard_munch": 1,
                "\/en\/giorgio_de_chirico": 1,
                "\/en\/max_ernst": 1,
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 4,
            "d1": 0.167908185701,
            "d2": 0.324007400833
        },
        "\/en\/jasper_johns": {
            "id": "\/en\/jasper_johns",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000072e0d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007929761",
            "name": "Jasper Johns",
            "abstract": "Jasper Johns, Jr. (born May 15, 1930) is an American\ncontemporary artist who works primarily in painting and\nprintmaking.\nBorn in Augusta, Georgia, Jasper Johns spent his early life\nin Allendale, South Carolina with his paternal grandparents\nafter his parents' marriage failed. He then spent a year\nliving with his mother in Columbia, South Carolina and\nthereafter he spent several years living with his aunt\nGladys in Lake Murray, South Carolina, twenty-two miles from\nColumbia. He completed...",
            "birthyear": "1930",
            "name_short": "JOHNS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/neo-dada": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_warhol": 1,
                "\/en\/brice_marden": 1,
                "\/en\/frank_stella": 1,
                "\/en\/roy_lichtenstein": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 4,
            "d1": 0.4920107945,
            "d2": 0.600153748959
        },
        "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": {
            "id": "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000aee8f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000076d2d9c",
            "name": "Peter Paul Rubens",
            "abstract": "Sir Peter Paul Rubens (Dutch pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8ryb\u0259(n)s];\n28 June 1577 \u2013 30 May 1640) was a prolific\nseventeenth-century Flemish Baroque painter, and a proponent\nof an extravagant Baroque style that emphasized movement,\ncolor, and sensuality. He is well-known for his\nCounter-Reformation altarpieces, portraits, landscapes, and\nhistory paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects.\nIn addition to running a large studio in Antwerp that\nproduced paintings popular with nobility and art...",
            "birthyear": "1577",
            "name_short": "RUBENS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/antwerp_school": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-antoine_watteau": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1,
                "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci": 1,
                "\/en\/michelangelo": 1,
                "\/en\/pieter_brueghel_the_elder": 1,
                "\/en\/titian": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 4,
            "d1": 0.229920789997,
            "d2": 0.249981651381
        },
        "\/en\/camille_pissarro": {
            "id": "\/en\/camille_pissarro",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000010c7b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a602aa",
            "name": "Camille Pissarro",
            "abstract": "Camille Pissarro (10 July 1830 \u2013 13 November 1903) was a\nFrench Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist painter born in\nthe Virgin Islands, where his father was of Portuguese\nJewish descent and his mother was native Creole. He studied\nin Paris and London, becoming a permanent resident of\nFrance. His importance resides in his contributions to both\nImpressionism and Post-Impressionism, as he was the only\nartist to exhibit in both forms. Pissarro studied from great\nforerunners, including Courbet...",
            "birthyear": "1830",
            "name_short": "PISSARRO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/draftsman": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/judaism": 1,
                "\/en\/neo-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaker": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_gauguin": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_lehmann": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.199751745717,
            "d2": 0.20502045291
        },
        "\/en\/edgar_degas": {
            "id": "\/en\/edgar_degas",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000077e5e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab4f6a",
            "name": "Edgar Degas",
            "abstract": "Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 \u2013 27 September 1917), born\nHilaire-Germain-Edgar De Gas (French pronunciation:\u00a0[il\u025b\u0281\n\u0292\u025b\u0281m\u025bn\u025bd\u0261\u0251\u0281 d\u0259\u02c8\u0261\u0251]), was a French artist famous\nfor his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and\ndrawing. He is regarded as one of the founders of\nImpressionism although he rejected the term, and preferred\nto be called a realist. A superb draughtsman, he is\nespecially identified with the subject of the dance, and\nover half his works depict dancers. These display his\nmastery in...",
            "birthyear": "1834",
            "name_short": "DEGAS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henri_de_toulouse-lautrec": 1,
                "\/en\/stefan_luchian": 1,
                "\/en\/walter_sickert": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/camille_pissarro": 1,
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.448966607519,
            "d2": 0.205873354758
        },
        "\/en\/joan_miro": {
            "id": "\/en\/joan_miro",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000077cd1",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab4d6b",
            "name": "Joan Mir\u00f3",
            "abstract": "Joan Mir\u00f3 i Ferr\u00e0 (April 20, 1893\u00a0\u2013 December 25, 1983;\nCatalan pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0292u\u02c8an mi\u02c8\u027eo]) was a Spanish\nCatalan painter, sculptor, and ceramicist born in Barcelona.\nEarning international acclaim, his work has been\ninterpreted as Surrealism, a sandbox for the subconscious\nmind, a re-creation of the childlike, and a manifestation of\nCatalan pride. In numerous interviews dating from the 1930s\nonwards, Mir\u00f3 expressed contempt for conventional painting\nmethods as a way of supporting bourgeois...",
            "birthyear": "1893",
            "name_short": "MIR\u00f3",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/ceramics": 1,
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/mural": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/alberto_giacometti": 1,
                "\/en\/arshile_gorky": 1,
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/andre_masson": 1,
                "\/en\/hieronymus_bosch": 1,
                "\/en\/jean_arp": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/tristan_tzara": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.665802558961,
            "d2": 0.521878197486
        },
        "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": {
            "id": "\/en\/willem_de_kooning",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000259555",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049e8d81",
            "name": "Willem de Kooning",
            "abstract": "Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 \u2013 March 19, 1997) was a\nDutch American abstract expressionist artist who was born in\nRotterdam, the Netherlands.\nIn the post-World War II era, de Kooning painted in a style\nthat came to be referred to as Abstract expressionism or\nAction painting, and was part of a group of artists that\ncame to be known as the New York School. Other painters in\nthis group included Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline, Arshile\nGorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, Adolph Gottlieb, Robert...",
            "birthyear": "1904",
            "name_short": "KOONING",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/franz_kline": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_mitchell": 1,
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/josef_albers": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/josef_albers": {
            "id": "\/en\/josef_albers",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001e3519",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000789bb93",
            "name": "Josef Albers",
            "abstract": "Josef Albers (March 19, 1888 \u2013 March 25, 1976) was a\nGerman-born American artist and educator whose work, both in\nEurope and in the United States, formed the basis of some of\nthe most influential and far-reaching art education programs\nof the 20th century.\nAlbers was born in Bottrop, Westphalia (Germany). He\nstudied art in Berlin, Essen, and Munich, before enrolling\nas a student in the basic course of Johannes Itten at the\nprestigious Weimar Bauhaus in 1920. The director and founder\nof the...",
            "birthyear": "1888",
            "name_short": "ALBERS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/geometric_abstract_art": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/betty_hawley_kelso": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_rauschenberg": 1,
                "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.246289256539,
            "d2": 0.473516531793
        },
        "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": {
            "id": "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000003fe62",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a895a6",
            "name": "Vincent van Gogh",
            "abstract": "Vincent Willem van Gogh (Dutch:\u00a0[fa\u014b\u02c8x\u0254x]\u00a0 ( listen),\nEnglish:\u00a0\/\u02ccv\u00e6n \u02c8\u0261\u0252x\/ in British English and \/\u02ccv\u00e6n\n\u02c8\u0261o\u028a\/ van-GOH in American English; 30 March 1853\u00a0\u2013 29\nJuly 1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work\nhad a far-reaching influence on 20th century art for its\nvivid colors and emotional impact. He suffered from anxiety\nand increasingly frequent bouts of mental illness throughout\nhis life and died, largely unknown, at the age of 37 from a\nself-inflicted gunshot wound.\nLittle...",
            "birthyear": "1853",
            "name_short": "GOGH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_people": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_mitchell": 1,
                "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/anton_mauve": 1,
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-francois_millet": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.357014232806,
            "d2": 0.124193013203
        },
        "\/en\/winslow_homer": {
            "id": "\/en\/winslow_homer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001cbce3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b73b70",
            "name": "Winslow Homer",
            "abstract": "Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 \u2013 September 29, 1910) was\nan American landscape painter and printmaker, best known for\nhis marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost\npainters in 19th century America and a preeminent figure in\nAmerican art.\nLargely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a\ncommercial illustrator. He subsequently took up oil painting\nand produced major studio works characterized by the weight\nand density he exploited from the medium. He also worked...",
            "birthyear": "1836",
            "name_short": "HOMER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/tile_club": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/frederic_remington": 1,
                "\/en\/n_c_wyeth": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_henri": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.350886106059,
            "d2": 0.200340489176
        },
        "\/en\/edouard_manet": {
            "id": "\/en\/edouard_manet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000014d51",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a63816",
            "name": "\u00c9douard Manet",
            "abstract": "\u00c9douard Manet (French pronunciation:\u00a0[edwa\u0281 man\u025b]; 23\nJanuary 1832 \u2013 30 April 1883) was a French painter. One of\nthe first 19th-century artists to approach modern-life\nsubjects, he was a pivotal figure in the transition from\nRealism to Impressionism.\nHis early masterworks, The Luncheon on the Grass (Le\nd\u00e9jeuner sur l'herbe) and Olympia, engendered great\ncontroversy and served as rallying points for the young\npainters who would create Impressionism. Today, these are\nconsidered watershed...",
            "birthyear": "1832",
            "name_short": "MANET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/stefan_luchian": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/francisco_goya": 1,
                "\/en\/thomas_couture": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.258000166752,
            "d2": 0.265206647195
        },
        "\/en\/claude_monet": {
            "id": "\/en\/claude_monet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000000f290",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5ea35",
            "name": "Claude Monet",
            "abstract": "Claude Monet (French pronunciation:\u00a0[klod m\u0254n\u025b]), born\nOscar Claude Monet (14\u00a0November 1840 \u2013 5 December 1926),\nwas a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most\nconsistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's\nphilosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature,\nespecially as applied to plein-air landscape painting. The\nterm Impressionism is derived from the title of his painting\nImpression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant).\nClaude Monet was born on 14 November 1840...",
            "birthyear": "1840",
            "name_short": "MONET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1,
                "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_boudin": 1,
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/gustave_courbet": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.273356380756,
            "d2": 0.340143236885
        },
        "\/en\/michelangelo": {
            "id": "\/en\/michelangelo",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000002a365",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a76a70",
            "name": "Michelangelo",
            "abstract": "Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6\u00a0March 1475\n\u2013 18 February 1564), commonly known as Michelangelo, was\nan Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet,\nand engineer. Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his\nversatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high\norder that he is often considered a contender for the title\nof the archetypal Renaissance man, along with fellow Italian\nLeonardo da Vinci.\nMichelangelo's output in every field during his long life\nwas...",
            "birthyear": "1475",
            "name_short": "MICHELANGELO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/high_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/auguste_rodin": 1,
                "\/en\/henry_moore": 1,
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": 1,
                "\/en\/melozzo_da_forli": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.482037879632,
            "d2": 0.216500911331
        },
        "\/en\/hieronymus_bosch": {
            "id": "\/en\/hieronymus_bosch",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000005b29f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a9cf8b",
            "name": "Hieronymus Bosch",
            "abstract": "Hieronymus Bosch (English\npronunciation:\u00a0\/\u02ccha\u026a.\u0259\u02c8r\u0252n\u0268m\u0259s \u02c8b\u0252\u0283\/,\nDutch:\u00a0[\u0266ije\u02d0\u02c8\u027eo\u02d0nim\u028fs \u02c8b\u0254s]; born Jeroen\nAnthoniszoon van Aken [j\u0259\u02c8run \u0251n\u02c8to\u02d0n\u026aso\u02d0n v\u0251n\n\u02c8a\u02d0k\u0259(n)]; c. 1450 \u2013 August 9, 1516) was an Early\nNetherlandish painter. His work is known for its use of\nfantastic imagery to illustrate moral and religious concepts\nand narratives.\nHieronymus Bosch was born Hieronymus (or Jeroen,\nrespectively the Latin and Middle Dutch form of the name\n\"Jerome\") van Aken (meaning \"from Aachen\"). He signed...",
            "birthyear": "1450",
            "name_short": "BOSCH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1,
                "\/en\/pieter_brueghel_the_elder": 1,
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.343154844703,
            "d2": 0.278038021751
        },
        "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci": {
            "id": "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000249c6",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a72672",
            "name": "Leonardo da Vinci",
            "abstract": "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci ( pronunciation (help\u00b7info))\n(April 15, 1452\u00a0\u2013 May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath:\npainter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist,\nmathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist,\ncartographer, botanist and writer. Leonardo has often been\ndescribed as the archetype of the Renaissance Man, a man of\n\"unquenchable curiosity\" and \"feverishly inventive\nimagination\". He is widely considered to be one of the\ngreatest painters of all time and perhaps the...",
            "birthyear": "1453",
            "name_short": "VINCI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/anatomist": 1,
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/botanist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/civil_engineer": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/engineer": 1,
                "\/en\/high_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/inventor": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_people": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/military_engineer": 1,
                "\/en\/musician": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/writer": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/giorgio_vasari": 1,
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1,
                "\/en\/raphael": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/andrea_del_verrocchio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 3,
            "d1": 0.482037879632,
            "d2": 0.216500911331
        },
        "\/en\/francisco_goya": {
            "id": "\/en\/francisco_goya",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000017443",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a6639e",
            "name": "Francisco Goya",
            "abstract": "Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Goya y Lucientes (30 March 1746 \u2013 16\nApril 1828) was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker\nregarded both as the last of the Old Masters and as the\nfirst of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the\nSpanish Crown, and through his works was both a commentator\non and chronicler of his era. The subversive and imaginative\nelement in his art, as well as his bold handling of paint,\nprovided a model for the work of later generations of\nartists, notably Manet and...",
            "birthyear": "1746",
            "name_short": "GOYA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.374249759885,
            "d2": 0.246622979653
        },
        "\/en\/franz_kline": {
            "id": "\/en\/franz_kline",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000309aae",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a0e448",
            "name": "Franz Kline",
            "abstract": "Franz Jozef Kline (May 23 1910 \u2013 May 13 1962) was an\nAmerican painter mainly associated with the Abstract\nExpressionist movement centered around New York in the 1940s\nand 1950s. He was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania,\nattended Girard College, an academy for fatherless boys,\nattended Boston University, spent summers from 1956-62\npainting in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and died in New\nYork City of a rheumatic heart disease. He was married to\nElizabeth Vincent Parsons, a British ballet...",
            "birthyear": "1910",
            "name_short": "KLINE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/frank_stella": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_mitchell": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.286884310734,
            "d2": 0.489312694226
        },
        "\/en\/paul_gauguin": {
            "id": "\/en\/paul_gauguin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000007a05c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab6aae",
            "name": "Paul Gauguin",
            "abstract": "Eug\u00e8ne Henri Paul Gauguin (French\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u0261o\u0261\u025b\u0303]; 7 June 1848\u00a0\u2013 8 May 1903)\nwas a leading French Post-Impressionist artist. He was an\nimportant figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter,\nsculptor, printmaker, ceramist, and writer. His bold\nexperimentation with colouring led directly to the\nSynthetist style of modern art while his expression of the\ninherent meaning of the subjects in his paintings, under the\ninfluence of the cloisonnist style, paved the way to\nPrimitivism and the...",
            "birthyear": "1848",
            "name_short": "GAUGUIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sailor": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/georgia_okeeffe": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/camille_pissarro": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.471848912545,
            "d2": 0.314308767899
        },
        "\/en\/david_park": {
            "id": "\/en\/david_park",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000039d7e5",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "David Park",
            "abstract": "David Park (March 17, 1911 \u2013 September 20, 1960) was a\npainter and a pioneer of the Bay Area Figurative School of\npainting during the 1950s.\nDavid Park was part of the post-World War II alumnae of the\nSan Francisco Art Institute which was called the California\nSchool of Fine Arts (CSFA) at the time. He revived an\ninterest in figurative art, at first experimenting with\nstill-abstracted forms that relied on color for their\nimpact, dynamics and warmth. Park, along with Richard\nDiebenkorn and...",
            "birthyear": "1911",
            "name_short": "PARK",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/elmer_bischoff": 1,
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/william_hogarth": {
            "id": "\/en\/william_hogarth",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000afefc",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000076dc382",
            "name": "William Hogarth",
            "abstract": "William Hogarth (10 November 1697 \u2013 26 October 1764) was\nan English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social\ncritic and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with\npioneering western sequential art. His work ranged from\nrealistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures\ncalled \"modern moral subjects\". Knowledge of his work is so\npervasive that satirical political illustrations in this\nstyle are often referred to as \"Hogarthian.\"\nWilliam Hogarth was born at Bartholomew...",
            "birthyear": "1697",
            "name_short": "HOGARTH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/cartoonist": 1,
                "\/en\/deism": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/social_critic": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ford_madox_brown": 1,
                "\/en\/john_lewis_krimmel": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.368478878696,
            "d2": 0.381531151766
        },
        "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": {
            "id": "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000414de",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a8aedc",
            "name": "Wassily Kandinsky",
            "abstract": "Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky (English\npronunciation:\u00a0\/k\u0259n\u02c8d\u026anski\/; Russian: \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438\u0439\n\u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0301\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, Vasilij\nVasil'evi\u010d Kandinskij; 16 December [O.S. 4 December] 1866\n\u2013 13 December 1944) was a Russian painter, and art\ntheorist. He is credited with painting of the first purely\nabstract works.\nBorn in Moscow, Kandinsky spent his childhood in Odessa. He\nenrolled at the University of Moscow and chose to study law\nand economics. Quite successful in his profession\u2014he was\noffered a...",
            "birthyear": "1866",
            "name_short": "KANDINSKY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_art": 1,
                "\/en\/der_blaue_reiter": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/german_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/russia": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jean_arp": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_mitchell": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.22567955421,
            "d2": 0.118494521649
        },
        "\/en\/joseph_beuys": {
            "id": "\/en\/joseph_beuys",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000146758",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004973100",
            "name": "Joseph Beuys",
            "abstract": "Joseph Beuys (German pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8jo\u02d0z\u025bf \u02c8b\u0254\u028fs];\nMay 12, 1921, Krefeld \u2013 January 23, 1986, D\u00fcsseldorf) was\na German performance artist, sculptor, installation artist,\ngraphic artist, art theorist and pedagogue of art.\nHis extensive work is grounded in concepts of humanism,\nsocial philosophy and anthroposophy; it culminates in his\n\"extended definition of art\" and the idea of social\nsculpture as a gesamtkunstwerk, for which he claimed a\ncreative, participatory role in shaping society and...",
            "birthyear": "1921",
            "name_short": "BEUYS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/conceptual_art": 1,
                "\/en\/fluxus": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/performance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/user\/jamie\/wordnet\/word\/pacifist": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_goldsworthy": 1,
                "\/en\/nam_june_paik": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.637925498055,
            "d2": 0.597165082912
        },
        "\/en\/joseph_cornell": {
            "id": "\/en\/joseph_cornell",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000016d9ad",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000783e387",
            "name": "Joseph Cornell",
            "abstract": "Joseph Cornell (December 24, 1903 \u2013 December 29, 1972) was\nan American artist and sculptor, one of the pioneers and\nmost celebrated exponents of assemblage. Influenced by the\nSurrealists, he was also an avant-garde experimental\nfilmmaker.\nJoseph Cornell was born in Nyack, New York, to Joseph\nCornell, a well-to-do designer and merchant of textiles, and\nHelen TenBroeck Storms Cornell, who had trained as a\nkindergarten teacher. The Cornells had four children:\nJoseph, Elizabeth (b. 1905), Helen...",
            "birthyear": "1903",
            "name_short": "CORNELL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/h_c_westermann": 1,
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.436174946573,
            "d2": 0.474902460796
        },
        "\/en\/jackson_pollock": {
            "id": "\/en\/jackson_pollock",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000021420",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007806f10",
            "name": "Jackson Pollock",
            "abstract": "Paul Jackson Pollock (January 28, 1912 \u2013 August 11, 1956),\nknown as Jackson Pollock, was an influential American\npainter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist\nmovement. During his lifetime, Pollock enjoyed considerable\nfame and notoriety. He was regarded as a mostly reclusive\nartist. He had a volatile personality, and struggled with\nalcoholism for most of his life. In 1945, he married the\nartist Lee Krasner, who became an important influence on his\ncareer and on his...",
            "birthyear": "1912",
            "name_short": "POLLOCK",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/frank_stella": 1,
                "\/en\/helen_frankenthaler": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/mark_tobey": 1,
                "\/en\/max_ernst": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/thomas_hart_benton_1889": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.286884310734,
            "d2": 0.489312694226
        },
        "\/en\/tristan_tzara": {
            "id": "\/en\/tristan_tzara",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000049a02",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a8f244",
            "name": "Tristan Tzara",
            "abstract": "Tristan Tzara (French pronunciation:\u00a0[t\u0281ist\u0251\u0303 dza\u02c8\u0281a];\nborn Samuel or Samy Rosenstock, also known as S. Samyro;\nApril 16 [O.S. April 4] 1896 \u2013 December 25, 1963) was a\nRomanian and French avant-garde poet, essayist and\nperformance artist. Also active as a journalist, playwright,\nliterary and art critic, composer and film director, he was\nknown best for being one of the founders and central figures\nof the anti-establishment Dada movement. Under the influence\nof Adrian Maniu, the adolescent...",
            "birthyear": "1896",
            "name_short": "TZARA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/judaism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romania": 1,
                "\/en\/writer": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/brion_gysin": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/francis_picabia": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.364249869695,
            "d2": 0.451319214355
        },
        "\/en\/thomas_cole": {
            "id": "\/en\/thomas_cole",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000021e711",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bab7d2",
            "name": "Thomas Cole",
            "abstract": "Thomas Cole (February 1, 1801 \u2013 February 11, 1848) was an\nEnglish-born American artist. He is regarded as the founder\nof the Hudson River School, an American art movement that\nflourished in the mid-19th century. Cole's Hudson River\nSchool, as well as his own work, was known for its realistic\nand detailed portrayal of American landscape and wilderness,\nwhich feature themes of romanticism and naturalism. \nHe was born in Bolton, Lancashire, England in 1801. In 1818\nhis family emigrated to the...",
            "birthyear": "1801",
            "name_short": "COLE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/asher_brown_durand": 1,
                "\/en\/frederic_edwin_church": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.21670705007,
            "d2": 0.422532642115
        },
        "\/en\/melozzo_da_forli": {
            "id": "\/en\/melozzo_da_forli",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000712ebb",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e1204e",
            "name": "Melozzo da Forl\u00ec",
            "abstract": "Melozzo da Forl\u00ec (c.\u00a01438 \u2013 November 8, 1494) was a\nfamous Italian Renaissance painter and architect, the first\nto practice foreshortening with much success and one of the\noutstanding fresco painters of the 15th century. He was the\nmost important member of the Forl\u00ec painting school.\nMelozzo was supposedly from a wealthy family named Ambrosi\nfrom Forl\u00ec. Nothing is known about his early years. It is\nonly a hypothesis that he was formed by the Forlivese school\nof art, then dominated by Ansuino...",
            "birthyear": "1438",
            "name_short": "FORL\u00ec",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/michelangelo": 1,
                "\/en\/raphael": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/piero_della_francesca": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/masaccio": {
            "id": "\/en\/masaccio",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000003d049",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a86b2f",
            "name": "Masaccio",
            "abstract": "Masaccio (December 21, 1401 \u2013 autumn 1428), born Tommaso\ndi Ser Giovanni di Simone, was the first great painter of\nthe Quattrocento period of the Italian Renaissance.\nAccording to Vasari, Masaccio was the best painter of his\ngeneration because of his skill at recreating lifelike\nfigures and movements as well as a convincing sense of\nthree-dimensionality.\nThe name Masaccio is a humorous version of Maso (short for\nTommaso), meaning \"big\", \"fat\", \"clumsy\" or \"messy\" Tom. The\nname may have been...",
            "birthyear": "1401",
            "name_short": "MASACCIO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": 1,
                "\/en\/masolino_da_panicale": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/donatello": 1,
                "\/en\/filippo_brunelleschi": 1,
                "\/en\/giotto_di_bondone": 1,
                "\/en\/masolino_da_panicale": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.21131250557,
            "d2": 0.292507892215
        },
        "\/en\/dante_gabriel_rossetti": {
            "id": "\/en\/dante_gabriel_rossetti",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007cad9d8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004af8798",
            "name": "Dante Gabriel Rossetti",
            "abstract": "Dante Gabriel Rossetti (12 May 1828 \u2013 9 April 1882) was an\nEnglish poet, illustrator, painter and translator. He\nfounded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848 with William\nHolman Hunt and John Everett Millais, and was later to be\nthe main inspiration for a second generation of artists and\nwriters influenced by the movement, most notably William\nMorris and Edward Burne-Jones. His work influenced the\nEuropean Symbolists, and he was also a major precursor of\nthe Aesthetic movement.\nRossetti's...",
            "birthyear": "1828",
            "name_short": "ROSSETTI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/aestheticism": 1,
                "\/en\/anglicanism": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/illustrator": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/poet": 1,
                "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edward_burne-jones": 1,
                "\/en\/lewis_carroll": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/ford_madox_brown": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.141205014187,
            "d2": 0.381847496862
        },
        "\/en\/claes_oldenburg": {
            "id": "\/en\/claes_oldenburg",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001f3ae1",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049ad728",
            "name": "Claes Oldenburg",
            "abstract": "Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a Swedish\nsculptor, best known for his public art installations\ntypically featuring very large replicas of everyday objects.\nAnother theme in his work is soft sculpture versions of\neveryday objects.\nClaes Oldenburg was born in Stockholm, Sweden, the son of a\nSwedish diplomat stationed in New York. In 1936 his father\nwas transferred to Chicago where Oldenburg grew up,\nattending the Latin School of Chicago. He studied at Yale\nUniversity from 1946 to...",
            "birthyear": "1929",
            "name_short": "OLDENBURG",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/sweden": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dick_higgins": 1,
                "\/en\/jeff_koons": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.493591277617,
            "d2": 0.528629250776
        },
        "\/en\/jean-leon_gerome": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-leon_gerome",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000262a1a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a68ad3",
            "name": "Jean-L\u00e9on G\u00e9r\u00f4me",
            "abstract": "Jean-L\u00e9on G\u00e9r\u00f4me (11 May 1824 \u2013 10 January 1904) was a\nFrench painter and sculptor in the style now known as\nAcademicism. The range of his oeuvre included historical\npainting, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits and other\nsubjects, bringing the Academic painting tradition to an\nartistic climax.\nJean-L\u00e9on G\u00e9r\u00f4me was born at Vesoul (Haute-Sa\u00f4ne). He\nwent to Paris in 1840 where he studied under Paul Delaroche,\nwhom he accompanied to Italy (1843\u20131844). He visited\nFlorence, Rome, the Vatican...",
            "birthyear": "1824",
            "name_short": "G\u00e9R\u00f4ME",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dennis_miller_bunker": 1,
                "\/en\/william_mcgregor_paxton": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hippolyte_delaroche": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.305029169863,
            "d2": 0.469292441935
        },
        "\/en\/diego_rivera": {
            "id": "\/en\/diego_rivera",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000b0962",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad60e1",
            "name": "Diego Rivera",
            "abstract": "Diego Mar\u00eda de la Concepci\u00f3n Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de\nla Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodr\u00edguez (December 8, 1886\n\u2013 November 24, 1957) was a prominent Mexican painter born\nin Guanajuato, Guanajuato, an active communist, and husband\nof Frida Kahlo (1929\u20131939 and 1940\u20131954). His large wall\nworks in fresco helped establish the Mexican Mural\nRenaissance. Between 1922 and 1953, Rivera painted murals\namong others in Mexico City, Chapingo, Cuernavaca, San\nFrancisco, Detroit, and New York City....",
            "birthyear": "1886",
            "name_short": "RIVERA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/atheism": 1,
                "\/en\/jew": 1,
                "\/en\/mexico": 1,
                "\/en\/mural": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sephardic_judaism": 1,
                "\/en\/social_realism": 1,
                "\/m\/09k5jvk": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1,
                "\/en\/frida_kahlo": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.214020329441,
            "d2": 0.544051110252
        },
        "\/en\/henri_rousseau": {
            "id": "\/en\/henri_rousseau",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002bb1a6",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000791ba80",
            "name": "Henri Rousseau",
            "abstract": "Henri Julien F\u00e9lix Rousseau (May 21, 1844 \u2013 September 2,\n1910) was a French Post-Impressionist painter in the Naive\nor Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the\ncustoms officer), a humorous description of his occupation\nas a tax collector. Ridiculed during his life, he came to be\nrecognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high\nartistic quality.\nHenri Rousseau was born in Laval, France in the Loire\nValley into the family of a tinsmith. He attended Laval High\nSchool as...",
            "birthyear": "1844",
            "name_short": "ROUSSEAU",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/naive_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/fernand_leger": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.211070866505,
            "d2": 0.286040105304
        },
        "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny": {
            "id": "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000008fb92",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ac64f4",
            "name": "Charles-Fran\u00e7ois Daubigny",
            "abstract": "Charles-Fran\u00e7ois Daubigny (Paris, 15 February 1817 \u2013 19\nFebruary 1878 in Paris) was one of the painters of the\nBarbizon school, and is considered an important precursor of\nImpressionism.\nDaubigny was born into a family of painters and was taught\nthe art by his father Edmond Fran\u00e7ois Daubigny and his\nuncle, miniaturist Pierre Daubigny.\nInitially Daubigny painted in a traditional style, but this\nchanged after 1843 when he settled in Barbizon to work\noutside in nature. Even more important was...",
            "birthyear": "1817",
            "name_short": "DAUBIGNY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/barbizon_school": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gustave_courbet": 1,
                "\/en\/hippolyte_delaroche": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.240946505685,
            "d2": 0.271348661816
        },
        "\/en\/alessio_baldovinetti": {
            "id": "\/en\/alessio_baldovinetti",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000111c9a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004af1fb9",
            "name": "Alessio Baldovinetti",
            "abstract": "Alesso Baldovinetti (14 October 1425 \u2013 29 August 1499) was\nan Italian early Renaissance painter.\nBaldovinetti was born in Florence to a family of a rich\nmerchant. In 1448 he was registered as a member of the Guild\nof St. Luke: \"Alesso di Baldovinetti, dipintore.\"\nHe was a follower of the group of scientific realists and\nnaturalists in art which included Andrea del Castagno, Paolo\nUccello and Domenico Veneziano. Tradition says that he\nassisted in the decorations of the church of S. Egidio,...",
            "birthyear": "1427",
            "name_short": "BALDOVINETTI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andrea_del_verrocchio": 1,
                "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/andrea_del_verrocchio": {
            "id": "\/en\/andrea_del_verrocchio",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000016b956",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b33d71",
            "name": "Andrea del Verrocchio",
            "abstract": "Andrea del Verrocchio (c. 1435\u20131488), born Andrea di\nMichele di Francesco de' Cioni, was an Italian sculptor,\ngoldsmith and painter who worked at the court of Lorenzo de'\nMedici in Florence. His pupils included Leonardo da Vinci,\nPietro Perugino and Lorenzo di Credi, but he also influenced\nMichelangelo. He worked in the serenely classic style of the\nFlorentine Early Renaissance.\nVerrocchio was born in Florence in 1435 to Michele di\nFrancesco Cioni, who worked as a tile and brick maker\nand,...",
            "birthyear": "1435",
            "name_short": "VERROCCHIO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": 1,
                "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/alessio_baldovinetti": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.373923670747,
            "d2": 0.426629703128
        },
        "\/en\/hippolyte_delaroche": {
            "id": "\/en\/hippolyte_delaroche",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000004d6f34",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d2563d",
            "name": "Hippolyte Delaroche",
            "abstract": "Hippolyte Delaroche (17 July 1797 \u2013 4 November 1856),\ncommonly known as Paul Delaroche, was a French painter born\nin Paris. Delaroche was born into a wealthy family and was\ntrained by Antoine-Jean, Baron Gros, who then painted\nlife-size histories and had many students.\nThe first Delaroche picture exhibited was the large\nJosabeth saving Joas (1822). This exhibition led to his\nacquaintance with Th\u00e9odore G\u00e9ricault and Eug\u00e8ne\nDelacroix, with whom he became friends. The three of them\nformed the...",
            "birthyear": "1797",
            "name_short": "DELAROCHE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/charles-francois_daubigny": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-leon_gerome": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/h_c_westermann": {
            "id": "\/en\/h_c_westermann",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000006b84f00",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "H. C. Westermann",
            "abstract": "H. C. Westermann (Horace Clifford \"Cliff\" Westermann) (11\nDecember 1922 (Los Angeles, California) \u2013 3 November 1981\n(Danbury, Connecticut)) was an American printmaker and\nsculptor whose art constituted a scathing commentary on\nmilitarism and materialism. His sculptures frequently\nincorporated traditional carpentry and marquetry techniques.\nWestermann worked in logging camps as a rail worker in the\nPacific Northwest. During World War II he served as a gunner\nin the U.S. Marine Corps on the...",
            "birthyear": "1922",
            "name_short": "WESTERMANN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/bruce_nauman": 1,
                "\/en\/jeff_koons": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/joseph_cornell": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.512810720859,
            "d2": 0.452775504854
        },
        "\/en\/nicolas_poussin": {
            "id": "\/en\/nicolas_poussin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000764b9",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079331f9",
            "name": "Nicolas Poussin",
            "abstract": "Nicolas Poussin (15 June 1594\u00a0\u2013 19 November 1665) was a\nFrench painter in the classical style. His work\npredominantly features clarity, logic, and order, and favors\nline over color. His work serves as an alternative to the\ndominant Baroque style of the 17th century. Until the 20th\ncentury he remained the major inspiration for such\nclassically-oriented artists as Jacques-Louis David,\nJean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres and Paul C\u00e9zanne.\nHe spent most of his working life in Rome, except for a\nshort...",
            "birthyear": "1594",
            "name_short": "POUSSIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jacques-louis_david": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.273757306781,
            "d2": 0.321804521163
        },
        "\/en\/hendrick_ter_brugghen": {
            "id": "\/en\/hendrick_ter_brugghen",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000007e21af",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e5333a",
            "name": "Hendrick ter Brugghen",
            "abstract": "Hendrick Jansz ter Brugghen (or Terbrugghen) (1588 \u2013 1\nNovember 1629) was a Dutch painter, and a leading member of\nthe Dutch followers of Caravaggio \u2014 the so-called Dutch\nCaravaggisti.\nLittle is known of the early life of ter Brugghen; he could\nhave been born in The Hague, but his family seems to have\nmoved to the strongly Catholic Utrecht in the early 1590s.\nHere he started painting at the age of thirteen, studying\nwith Abraham Bloemaert. From Bloemaert, a Mannerist history\npainter, he...",
            "birthyear": "1588",
            "name_short": "BRUGGHEN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/utrecht_school": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gerard_dou": 1,
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.0648053189558,
            "d2": 0.358987733207
        },
        "\/en\/giotto_di_bondone": {
            "id": "\/en\/giotto_di_bondone",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000008d521",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049188b0",
            "name": "Giotto di Bondone",
            "abstract": "Giotto di Bondone (1266\/7 \u2013 January 8, 1337), better known\nsimply as Giotto, was an Italian painter and architect from\nFlorence in the late Middle Ages. He is generally considered\nthe first in a line of great artists who contributed to the\nItalian Renaissance.\nGiotto's contemporary Giovanni Villani wrote that Giotto\nwas \"the most sovereign master of painting in his time, who\ndrew all his figures and their postures according to nature.\nAnd he was given a salary by the Comune of Florence in...",
            "birthyear": "1267",
            "name_short": "BONDONE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/gothic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/fra_angelico": 1,
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/cimabue": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.147277361083,
            "d2": 0.243165980472
        },
        "\/en\/giorgio_vasari": {
            "id": "\/en\/giorgio_vasari",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000aea96",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad4fb4",
            "name": "Giorgio Vasari",
            "abstract": "Giorgio Vasari (30 July 1511 \u2013 27 June 1574) was an\nItalian painter, writer, historian and architect, who is\ntoday famous for his biographies of Italian artists,\nconsidered the ideological foundation of art-historical\nwriting.\nVasari was born in Arezzo, Tuscany. Recommended at an early\nage by his cousin Luca Signorelli, he became a pupil of\nGuglielmo da Marsiglia, a skillful painter of stained glass.\nSent to Florence at the age of sixteen by Cardinal Silvio\nPasserini, he joined the circle of...",
            "birthyear": "1511",
            "name_short": "VASARI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/author": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/carel_van_mander": 1,
                "\/en\/marten_jacobszoon_heemskerk_van_veen": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.281242589302,
            "d2": 0.338247424344
        },
        "\/en\/marten_jacobszoon_heemskerk_van_veen": {
            "id": "\/en\/marten_jacobszoon_heemskerk_van_veen",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000037ba9f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c710ff",
            "name": "Marten Jacobszoon Heemskerk van Veen",
            "abstract": "Maarten van Heemskerck or Marten Jacobsz Heemskerk van Veen\n(1498 \u2013 October 1, 1574), was one of the leading Dutch\nportrait and religious painters of the sixteenth century,\nfamous for his depictions of the Seven Wonders of the World.\nHe was born at Heemskerk, North Holland, halfway between\nAlkmaar and Haarlem.\nHis father was a small farmer, Jacob Willemsz. van Veen\n(whose portrait he painted). According to his biography,\nwritten by Karel van Mander, he was apprenticed to Cornelis\nWillemsz in...",
            "birthyear": "1498",
            "name_short": "VEEN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/mannerism": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/carel_van_mander": 1,
                "\/en\/hendrik_goltzius": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/giorgio_vasari": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.216318936611,
            "d2": 0.410236295132
        },
        "\/en\/georges_braque": {
            "id": "\/en\/georges_braque",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000019da3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a68a0c",
            "name": "Georges Braque",
            "abstract": "Georges Braque (13 May 1882 \u2013 31 August 1963) was a major\n20th century French painter and sculptor who, along with\nPablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as Cubism.\nGeorges Braque was born on May 13, 1882, in Argenteuil,\nVal-d'Oise. He grew up in Le Havre and trained to be a house\npainter and decorator like his father and grandfather.\nHowever, he also studied serious painting in the evenings at\nthe \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts, in Le Havre, from about 1897 to\n1899. In Paris, he apprenticed...",
            "birthyear": "1882",
            "name_short": "BRAQUE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/analytic_cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/fauvism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/diego_rivera": 1,
                "\/en\/piet_mondrian": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/andre_derain": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.720107009196,
            "d2": 0.225721606301
        },
        "\/en\/albrecht_durer": {
            "id": "\/en\/albrecht_durer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000078d4",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5889f",
            "name": "Albrecht D\u00fcrer",
            "abstract": "Albrecht D\u00fcrer (German pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8alb\u0281\u025b\u00e7t\n\u02c8dy\u02d0\u0281\u0250]; 21 May 1471 \u2013 6 April 1528) was a German\npainter, printmaker, mathematician, engraver, and theorist\nfrom Nuremberg. His prints established his reputation across\nEurope when he was still in his twenties, and he has been\nconventionally regarded as the greatest artist of the\nNorthern Renaissance ever since. His vast body of work\nincludes altarpieces and religious works, numerous portraits\nand self-portraits, and copper engravings. His...",
            "birthyear": "1471",
            "name_short": "D\u00fcRER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/bavarians": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/germans": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gustav_klimt": 1,
                "\/en\/raphael": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jacopo_de_barbari": 1,
                "\/en\/juraj_julije_klovic": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.422622799219,
            "d2": 0.323387792578
        },
        "\/en\/filippo_lippi": {
            "id": "\/en\/filippo_lippi",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000038a8cf",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004be3773",
            "name": "Filippo Lippi",
            "abstract": "Fra' Filippo Lippi (1406 \u2013 8 October 1469), also called\nLippo Lippi, was an Italian painter of the Italian\nQuattrocento (15th century).\nLippi was born in Florence to Tommaso, a butcher. Both his\nparents died when he was still a child. Mona Lapaccia, his\naunt, took charge of the boy. In 1420 he was registered in\nthe community of the Carmelite friars of the Carmine in\nFlorence, where he remained until 1432, taking the Carmelite\nvows in 1421 when he was sixteen. In his Lives of the\nArtists,...",
            "birthyear": "1406",
            "name_short": "LIPPI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": 1,
                "\/en\/sandro_botticelli": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 2,
            "d1": 0.21131250557,
            "d2": 0.292507892215
        },
        "\/en\/cimabue": {
            "id": "\/en\/cimabue",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000100b8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007953967",
            "name": "Cimabue",
            "abstract": "Cimabue (before 1251 \u2013 1302), also known as Bencivieni di\nPepo or in modern Italian, Benvenuto di Giuseppe, was an\nItalian painter and creator of mosaics fom Florence.\nCimabue is generally regarded as the last great Italian\npainter working in the Byzantine tradition. The art of this\nperiod comprised scenes and forms that appeared relatively\nflat and highly stylized. Cimabue was a pioneer in the move\ntowards naturalism, as his figures were depicted with rather\nmore life-like proportions and...",
            "birthyear": "1240",
            "name_short": "CIMABUE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/giotto_di_bondone": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/anton_mauve": {
            "id": "\/en\/anton_mauve",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000005c9ba5",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078141cc",
            "name": "Anton Mauve",
            "abstract": "Anthonij (Anton) Rudolf Mauve (18 September 1838, Zaandam,\nNorth Holland \u2013 5 February 1888, Arnhem) was a Dutch\nrealist painter who was a leading member of the Hague\nSchool. He signed his paintings 'A. Mauve' or with a\nmonogrammed 'A.M.'. He was a very significant early\ninfluence on his cousin-in-law Vincent van Gogh.\nMost of Mauve's work depicts people and animals in outdoor\nsettings. In his Morning Ride in the Rijksmuseum, for\nexample, fashionable equestrians at the seacoast are seen...",
            "birthyear": "1838",
            "name_short": "MAUVE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/hague_school": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/pieter_van_os": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.222190302671,
            "d2": 0.282322832297
        },
        "\/en\/hans_makart": {
            "id": "\/en\/hans_makart",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000020b947",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b9f08b",
            "name": "Hans Makart",
            "abstract": "Hans Makart (May 28, 1840 - October 3, 1884) was a 19th\ncentury Austrian academic history painter, designer, and\ndecorator; most well known for his influence on Gustav Klimt\nand other Austrian artists, but in his own era considered an\nimportant artist himself and was a celebrity figure in the\nhigh culture of Vienna, attended with almost cult-like\nadulation.\nMakart was the son of a chamberlain at the Mirabell Palace,\nborn in the former residence of the prince-archbishops of\nSalzburg....",
            "birthyear": "1840",
            "name_short": "MAKART",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gustav_klimt": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/karl_von_piloty": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/frank_frazetta": {
            "id": "\/en\/frank_frazetta",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002134ba",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000003c367ff",
            "name": "Frank Frazetta",
            "abstract": "Frank Frazetta (February 9, 1928\u00a0\u2013 May 10, 2010) was an\nAmerican fantasy and science fiction artist, noted for work\nin comic books, paperback book covers, paintings, posters,\nLP record album covers and other media. He was the subject\nof a 2003 documentary.\nFrazetta was inducted into the comic book industry's Will\nEisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 1995 and the Jack Kirby\nHall of Fame in 1999.\nBorn Frank Frazzetta in Brooklyn, New York City, he removed\none \"z\" from his last name early in his...",
            "birthyear": "1928",
            "name_short": "FRAZETTA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_american": 1,
                "\/en\/novelist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1,
                "\/en\/writer": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gerald_brom": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/thomas_eakins": {
            "id": "\/en\/thomas_eakins",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000af18e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad531e",
            "name": "Thomas Eakins",
            "abstract": "Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (July 25, 1844\u00a0\u2013 June 25,\n1916) was an American realist painter, photographer,\nsculptor, and fine arts educator. He is widely acknowledged\nto be one of the most important artists in American art\nhistory.\nFor the length of his professional career, from the early\n1870s until his health began to fail some forty years later,\nEakins worked exactingly from life, choosing as his subject\nthe people of his hometown of Philadelphia. He painted\nseveral hundred portraits,...",
            "birthyear": "1844",
            "name_short": "EAKINS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_realism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henry_ossawa_tanner": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/john_lewis_krimmel": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.20470069078,
            "d2": 0.298793508521
        },
        "\/en\/filippo_brunelleschi": {
            "id": "\/en\/filippo_brunelleschi",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000009b1cf",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ace08b",
            "name": "Filippo Brunelleschi",
            "abstract": "Filippo Brunelleschi (1377 \u2013 April 15, 1446) was one of\nthe foremost architects and engineers of the Italian\nRenaissance. All of his principal works are in Florence,\nItaly. As explained by Antonio Manetti, who knew\nBrunelleschi and who wrote his biography, Brunelleschi \"was\ngranted such honors as to be buried in the Basilica di Santa\nMaria del Fiore, and with a marble bust, which they say was\ncarved from life, and placed there in perpetual memory with\nsuch a splendid epitaph.\"\nVery little is...",
            "birthyear": "1377",
            "name_short": "BRUNELLESCHI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.451437125765,
            "d2": 0.396512176624
        },
        "\/en\/jean-paul_laurens": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-paul_laurens",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000053fb3c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d5e4e9",
            "name": "Jean-Paul Laurens",
            "abstract": "Jean-Paul Laurens (March 28, 1838 \u2013 March 23, 1921), was a\nFrench painter and sculptor, and one of the last major\nexponents of the French Academic style.\nBorn in Fourquevaux, he was a pupil of L\u00e9on Cogniet and\nAlexandre Bida. Strongly anti-clerical and republican, his\nwork was often on historical and religious themes, through\nwhich he sought to convey a message of opposition to\nmonarchical and clerical oppression. His erudition and\ntechnical mastery were much admired in his time, but in...",
            "birthyear": "1838",
            "name_short": "LAURENS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henry_ossawa_tanner": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/donatello": {
            "id": "\/en\/donatello",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000814cc",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000008496c6f",
            "name": "Donatello",
            "abstract": "Donato di Niccol\u00f2 di Betto Bardi (circa 1386 \u2013 December\n13, 1466), also known as Donatello, was an early Renaissance\nItalian artist and sculptor from Florence. He is, in part,\nknown for his work in bas-relief, a form of shallow relief\nsculpture that, in Donatello's case, incorporated\nsignificant 15th century developments in perspectival\nillusionism.\nDonatello was the son of Niccol\u00f2 di Betto Bardi, who was a\nmember of the Florentine Wool Combers Guild, and was born in\nFlorence, most likely in...",
            "birthyear": "1386",
            "name_short": "DONATELLO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_people": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.519041335965,
            "d2": 0.344483899641
        },
        "\/en\/auguste_rodin": {
            "id": "\/en\/auguste_rodin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000006dd3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a57ec9",
            "name": "Auguste Rodin",
            "abstract": "Fran\u00e7ois-Auguste-Ren\u00e9 Rodin (12 November 1840 \u2013 17\nNovember 1917), known as Auguste Rodin (English\npronunciation:\u00a0\/o\u028a\u02c8\u0261u\u02d0st ro\u028a\u02c8d\u00e6n\/ oh-goost roh-dan)\nFrench pronunciation [ogyst \u0281\u0254d\u025b\u0303]), was a French\nsculptor. Although Rodin is generally considered the\nprogenitor of modern sculpture, he did not set out to rebel\nagainst the past. He was schooled traditionally, took a\ncraftsman-like approach to his work, and desired academic\nrecognition, although he was never accepted into Paris's\nforemost...",
            "birthyear": "1840",
            "name_short": "RODIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/alberto_giacometti": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/michelangelo": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.52534632873,
            "d2": 0.34687598208
        },
        "\/en\/theo_van_doesburg": {
            "id": "\/en\/theo_van_doesburg",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001b6b02",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b66c72",
            "name": "Theo van Doesburg",
            "abstract": "Theo van Doesburg (Dutch pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8te\u026a\u0254 v\u0251n\n\u02c8dusb\u028frx], 30 August 1883 \u2013 7 March 1931) was a Dutch\nartist, practicing in painting, writing, poetry and\narchitecture. He is best known as the founder and leader of\nDe Stijl. \nTheo van Doesburg was born as Christian Emil Marie K\u00fcpper\non 30 August 1883 in Utrecht as the son of the photographer\nWilhelm K\u00fcpper and Henrietta Catherina Margadant. After a\nshort training in acting and singing he decided to become a\npainter. He always regarded his...",
            "birthyear": "1883",
            "name_short": "DOESBURG",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/de_stijl": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/poet": 1,
                "\/en\/writer": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/piet_mondrian": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.32052649697,
            "d2": 0.549892950872
        },
        "\/en\/mark_tobey": {
            "id": "\/en\/mark_tobey",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000272faa",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078f19fe",
            "name": "Mark Tobey",
            "abstract": "Mark George Tobey (December 11, 1890 \u2013 April 24, 1976) was\nan American abstract expressionist painter, born in\nCenterville, Wisconsin. Widely recognized throughout the\nUnited States and Europe, Tobey is the most noted among the\n\"mystical painters of the Northwest.\" Senior in age and\nexperience, Tobey had a strong influence on the others.\nFriend and mentor, Tobey shared their interest in philosophy\nand Eastern religions. Along with Guy Anderson, Kenneth\nCallahan, Morris Graves, and William...",
            "birthyear": "1890",
            "name_short": "TOBEY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.286884310734,
            "d2": 0.489312694226
        },
        "\/en\/leon_bonnat": {
            "id": "\/en\/leon_bonnat",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000004fdd15",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d3a9d3",
            "name": "L\u00e9on Bonnat",
            "abstract": "L\u00e9on Joseph Florentin Bonnat (June 20, 1833\u00a0\u2013 September\n8, 1922) was a French painter.\nHe was born in Bayonne, but from 1846 to 1853 he lived in\nMadrid, Spain, where his father owned a bookshop. While\ntending his father's shop, he copied engravings of works by\nthe Old masters, developing a passion for drawing. In Madrid\nhe received his artistic training under Madrazo. He later\nworked in Paris, where he became known as a leading\nportraitist, never without a commission. His many portraits\nshow...",
            "birthyear": "1833",
            "name_short": "BONNAT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/john_singer_sargent": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/max_ernst": {
            "id": "\/en\/max_ernst",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000005595f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000780c49c",
            "name": "Max Ernst",
            "abstract": "Max Ernst (2 April 1891 \u2013 1 April 1976) was a German\npainter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific\nartist, Ernst is considered to be one of the primary\npioneers of the Dada movement and Surrealism.\nErnst was born on April 2, 1891, in Br\u00fchl, near Cologne,\nthe third of nine children of a middle-class Catholic\nfamily. His father Philipp Ernst was a teacher of the deaf\nand dumb and an amateur painter. A devout Christian and a\nstrict disciplinarian, he inspired in his son a penchant\nfor...",
            "birthyear": "1891",
            "name_short": "ERNST",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/arnold_bocklin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.529477954742,
            "d2": 0.428499535039
        },
        "\/en\/jean_arp": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean_arp",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000011f527",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000082a8b91",
            "name": "Hans Arp",
            "abstract": "Jean Arp \/ Hans Arp (16 September 1886 \u2013 7 June 1966) was\na German-French, or Alsatian, sculptor, painter, poet and\nabstract artist in other media such as torn and pasted\npaper.\n(When Arp spoke in German he referred to himself as \"Hans\",\nand when he spoke in French he referred to himself as\n\"Jean\". Many people believe that he was born Hans and later\nchanged his name to Jean, but this is not the case.)\nArp was born in Strasbourg. The son of a French mother and\na German father, he was born...",
            "birthyear": "1886",
            "name_short": "ARP",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.529477954742,
            "d2": 0.428499535039
        },
        "\/en\/robert_delaunay": {
            "id": "\/en\/robert_delaunay",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001e163f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000789a925",
            "name": "Robert Delaunay",
            "abstract": "Robert Delaunay (12 April 1885, Paris \u2013 25 October 1941)\nwas a French artist who used Orphism, which is similar to\nabstract art, abstraction and cubism in his work. Delaunay\nconcentrated on Orphism, while his later works were more\nabstract, reminiscent of Paul Klee. His key influence\nrelated to bold use of colour, and a clear love of\nexperimentation of both depth and tone.\nRobert Delaunay was the son of George Delaunay and countess\nBerthe F\u00e9licie de Rose. While he was a child, Delaunay's...",
            "birthyear": "1885",
            "name_short": "DELAUNAY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/section_dor": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/hans_hofmann": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.350657739796,
            "d2": 0.357424060076
        },
        "\/en\/milton_avery": {
            "id": "\/en\/milton_avery",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001e051d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000097b2da5",
            "name": "Milton Avery",
            "abstract": "Milton Avery (March 7, 1885  \u2013 January 3, 1965) was an\nAmerican modern painter. Born in Altmar, New York, he moved\nto Connecticut in 1898 and later to New York City.\nThe son of a tanner, Avery began working at a local factory\nat the age of 16, and supported himself for decades with a\nsuccession of blue-collar jobs. The death of his\nbrother-in-law in 1915 left Avery, as the sole remaining\nadult male in his household, responsible for the support of\nnine female relatives. His interest in art...",
            "birthyear": "1885",
            "name_short": "AVERY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/mark_rothko": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/lawrence_alma-tadema": {
            "id": "\/en\/lawrence_alma-tadema",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000038fd8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a8375f",
            "name": "Lawrence Alma-Tadema",
            "abstract": "Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, OM, RA ( \/\u02c8\u00e6lm\u0259 \u02c8t\u00e6d\u026am\u0259\/; 8\nJanuary 1836 \u2013 25 June 1912) was one of the most renowned\npainters of late nineteenth-century Britain.\nBorn in Dronrijp, the Netherlands, and trained at the Royal\nAcademy of Antwerp, Belgium, he settled in England in 1870\nand spent the rest of his life there. A classical-subject\npainter, he became famous for his depictions of the luxury\nand decadence of the Roman Empire, with languorous figures\nset in fabulous marbled interiors or against...",
            "birthyear": "1836",
            "name_short": "ALMA-TADEMA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_people": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/john_william_waterhouse": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.141649200331,
            "d2": 0.412051828838
        },
        "\/en\/n_c_wyeth": {
            "id": "\/en\/n_c_wyeth",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002a9bee",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000791178a",
            "name": "N. C. Wyeth",
            "abstract": "Newell Convers Wyeth (October 22, 1882 \u2013 October 19,\n1945), known as N.C. Wyeth, was an American artist and\nillustrator. He was the star pupil of artist Howard Pyle and\nbecame one of America's greatest illustrators.\nDuring his lifetime, Wyeth created over 3,000 paintings and\nillustrated 112 books, 25 of them for Scribner's, the\nScribner Classics, which is the work for which he is\nbest-known. The first of these, Treasure Island, was his\nmasterpiece and the proceeds paid for his studio.\nWyeth...",
            "birthyear": "1882",
            "name_short": "WYETH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gerald_brom": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/winslow_homer": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/fernand_leger": {
            "id": "\/en\/fernand_leger",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000077e96",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab4fde",
            "name": "Fernand L\u00e9ger",
            "abstract": "Joseph Fernand Henri L\u00e9ger (February 4, 1881 \u2013 August 17,\n1955) was a French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker. In his\nearly works he created a personal form of Cubism which he\ngradually modified into a more figurative, populist style.\nHis boldly simplified treatment of modern subject matter has\ncaused him to be regarded as a forerunner of Pop Art.\nL\u00e9ger was born in the Argentan, Orne, Basse-Normandie,\nwhere his father raised cattle. Fernand L\u00e9ger initially\ntrained as an architect from...",
            "birthyear": "1881",
            "name_short": "L\u00e9GER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/section_dor": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/robert_colescott": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_rousseau": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.515466495999,
            "d2": 0.331715175292
        },
        "\/en\/edward_hopper": {
            "id": "\/en\/edward_hopper",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000007ac79",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000498c690",
            "name": "Edward Hopper",
            "abstract": "Edward Hopper (July 22, 1882 \u2013 May 15, 1967) was a\nprominent American realist painter and printmaker. While\nmost popularly known for his oil paintings, he was equally\nproficient as a watercolorist and printmaker in etching. In\nboth his urban and rural scenes, his spare and finely\ncalculated renderings reflected his personal vision of\nmodern American life.\nHopper was born in upper Nyack, New York, a yacht-building\ncenter on the Hudson River north of New York City. He was\none of two children...",
            "birthyear": "1882",
            "name_short": "HOPPER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/ashcan_school": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1,
                "\/m\/03q7qln": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gustave_courbet": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_henri": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.383412783246,
            "d2": 0.137284285742
        },
        "\/en\/hans_hofmann": {
            "id": "\/en\/hans_hofmann",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000005c3612",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "Hans Hofmann",
            "abstract": "Hans Hofmann (March 21, 1880 \u2013 February 17, 1966) was a\nGerman-born American abstract expressionist painter. He was\nborn in Wei\u00dfenburg, Bavaria on March 21, 1880 the son of\nTheodor and Franziska Hofmann. In 1932 he immigrated to the\nUnited States, where he resided until the end of his life.\nAt age six he moved to Munich. It was here that his father\ntook up a job with the government. Starting at a young age,\nhe gravitated towards science and mathematics. At age\nsixteen, he started work with...",
            "birthyear": "1880",
            "name_short": "HOFMANN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/helen_frankenthaler": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_delaunay": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.286884310734,
            "d2": 0.489312694226
        },
        "\/en\/gustav_klimt": {
            "id": "\/en\/gustav_klimt",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000001a0c9",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a68d4a",
            "name": "Gustav Klimt",
            "abstract": "Gustav Klimt (July 14, 1862 \u2013 February 6, 1918) was an\nAustrian Symbolist painter and one of the most prominent\nmembers of the Vienna Secession movement. His major works\ninclude paintings, murals, sketches, and other art objects.\nKlimt's primary subject was the female body, and his works\nare marked by a frank eroticism\u2014nowhere is this more\napparent than in his numerous drawings in pencil (see Mulher\nsentada, below).\nGustav Klimt was born in Baumgarten, near Vienna, the\nsecond of seven...",
            "birthyear": "1862",
            "name_short": "KLIMT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/art_nouveau": 1,
                "\/en\/austria": 1,
                "\/en\/austrian_empire": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/vienna_secession": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/egon_schiele": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/albrecht_durer": 1,
                "\/en\/hans_makart": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.0982009856928,
            "d2": 0.287072386684
        },
        "\/en\/dennis_miller_bunker": {
            "id": "\/en\/dennis_miller_bunker",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000005b2d2ea",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007768cfb",
            "name": "Dennis Miller Bunker",
            "abstract": "Dennis Miller Bunker (November 6, 1861 \u2013 December 28,\n1890) was an American painter and innovator of American\nImpressionism. His mature works include both brightly\ncolored landscape paintings and dark, finely drawn portraits\nand figures. One of the major American painters of the late\n19th century, and a friend of many prominent artists of the\nera, Bunker died from meningitis at the age of 29.\nBunker was born in New York City to Matthew Bunker, the\nsecretary-treasurer of the Union Ferry...",
            "birthyear": "1861",
            "name_short": "BUNKER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/william_mcgregor_paxton": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jean-leon_gerome": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.192835775915,
            "d2": 0.307342032189
        },
        "\/en\/frederic_leighton_1st_baron_leighton": {
            "id": "\/en\/frederic_leighton_1st_baron_leighton",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001ded04",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b81886",
            "name": "Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton",
            "abstract": "Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton PRA (3 December 1830\n\u2013 25 January 1896), known as Sir Frederic Leighton, Bt,\nbetween 1886 and 1896, was an English painter and sculptor.\nHis works depicted historical, biblical and classical\nsubject matter. Leighton was bearer of the shortest-lived\npeerage in history; after only one day his hereditary\npeerage became extinct.\nLeighton was born in Scarborough to a family in the import\nand export business. He was educated at University College\nSchool,...",
            "birthyear": "1830",
            "name_short": "LEIGHTON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/john_william_waterhouse": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.305029169863,
            "d2": 0.469292441935
        },
        "\/en\/thomas_hart_benton_1889": {
            "id": "\/en\/thomas_hart_benton_1889",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001a743e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b5ce33",
            "name": "Thomas Hart Benton",
            "abstract": "Thomas Hart Benton (April 15, 1889 \u2013 January 19, 1975) was\nan American painter and muralist. Along with Grant Wood and\nJohn Steuart Curry, he was at the forefront of the\nRegionalist art movement. His fluid, almost sculpted\npaintings showed everyday scenes of life in the United\nStates. Though his work is perhaps best associated with the\nMidwest, he created scores of paintings of New York, where\nhe lived for over 20 years; Martha\u2019s Vineyard, where he\nsummered for much of his adult life; the...",
            "birthyear": "1889",
            "name_short": "BENTON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/american_realism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/regionalism": 1,
                "\/en\/sailor": 1,
                "\/en\/social_realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.0599892536387,
            "d2": 0.619022022952
        },
        "\/en\/paul_signac": {
            "id": "\/en\/paul_signac",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001303da",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078099dc",
            "name": "Paul Signac",
            "abstract": "Paul Signac (11 November 1863 \u2013 15 August 1935) was a\nFrench neo-impressionist painter who, working with Georges\nSeurat, helped develop the pointillist style.\nPaul Victor Jules Signac was born in Paris on 11 November\n1863. He followed a course of training in architecture\nbefore deciding at the age of 18 to pursue a career as a\npainter. He sailed around the coasts of Europe, painting the\nlandscapes he encountered. He also painted scenes of cities\nin France in his later years.\nIn 1884 he met...",
            "birthyear": "1863",
            "name_short": "SIGNAC",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/neo-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.236221191814,
            "d2": 0.363290498398
        },
        "\/en\/harvey_littleton": {
            "id": "\/en\/harvey_littleton",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000dd124f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007931388",
            "name": "Harvey Littleton",
            "abstract": "Harvey Littleton (born June 14, 1922) is an American\neducator and glass artist. Born in Corning, New York, he\ngrew up in the shadow of Corning Glassworks, where his\nfather headed Research and Development during the 1930s.\nExpected by his father to enter the field of physics,\nLittleton instead chose a career in art, gaining recognition\nfirst as a ceramist and later as a glassblower and sculptor\nin glass. In the latter capacity he was very influential,\norganizing the first glassblowing seminar...",
            "birthyear": "1922",
            "name_short": "LITTLETON",
            "ints": {
                "\/m\/03ysslk": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dale_chihuly": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.39262544424,
            "d2": 0.527965167127
        },
        "\/en\/kathe_kollwitz": {
            "id": "\/en\/kathe_kollwitz",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000235343",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049c55cd",
            "name": "K\u00e4the Kollwitz",
            "abstract": "K\u00e4the Schmidt Kollwitz (July 8, 1867 \u2013 April 22, 1945)\nwas a German painter, printmaker, and sculptor whose work\noffered an eloquent and often searing account of the human\ncondition in the first half of the 20th century. Her empathy\nfor the less fortunate, expressed most famously through the\ngraphic means of drawing, etching, lithography, and woodcut,\nembraced the victims of poverty, hunger, and war. Initially\nher work was grounded in Naturalism, and later took on\nExpressionistic...",
            "birthyear": "1867",
            "name_short": "KOLLWITZ",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/nicolae_tonitza": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.318490190466,
            "d2": 0.339793680615
        },
        "\/en\/lorenzo_ghiberti": {
            "id": "\/en\/lorenzo_ghiberti",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000012a4d7",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000496fad8",
            "name": "Lorenzo Ghiberti",
            "abstract": "Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378 \u2013 1 December 1455), born Lorenzo di\nBartolo, was an Italian artist of the early Renaissance best\nknown for works in sculpture and metalworking.\nGhiberti was born in Pelago (Florence). His father was\nBartoluccio Ghiberti, a trained artist and goldsmith, who\ntrained his son in the gold trade. Lorenzo Ghiberti then\nwent to work in the workshop of Bartoluccio de Michele,\nwhere Brunelleschi also got his training. When the bubonic\nplague struck Florence in 1400, Ghiberti...",
            "birthyear": "1378",
            "name_short": "GHIBERTI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/masolino_da_panicale": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.451437125765,
            "d2": 0.396512176624
        },
        "\/en\/robert_henri": {
            "id": "\/en\/robert_henri",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000003e8f7e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ca9413",
            "name": "Robert Henri",
            "abstract": "Robert Henri (25 June 1865 \u2013 12 July 1929) was an American\npainter and teacher. He was a leading figure of the Ashcan\nSchool in art.\nRobert Henri was born Robert Henry Cozad in Cincinnati,\nOhio to Theresa Gatewood Cozad of Malden, Virginia and John\nJackson Cozad, a gambler and real estate developer. Henri\nhad a brother, Johnny, and was a distant cousin of the noted\nAmerican painter Mary Cassatt. In 1871, Henri's father\nfounded the town of Cozaddale, Ohio. In 1873, the family\nmoved west to...",
            "birthyear": "1865",
            "name_short": "HENRI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/ashcan_school": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edward_hopper": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/winslow_homer": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221633782847,
            "d2": 0.386576870447
        },
        "\/en\/georges_rouault": {
            "id": "\/en\/georges_rouault",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000033f4ec",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049d45de",
            "name": "Georges Rouault",
            "abstract": "Georges Henri Rouault (27 May 1871 \u2013 13 February 1958) was\na French Fauvist and Expressionist painter, and printmaker\nin lithography and etching.\nRouault was born in Paris into a poor family. His mother\nencouraged his love for the arts, and in 1885 the\nfourteen-year-old Rouault embarked on an apprenticeship as a\nglass painter and restorer, which lasted until 1890. This\nearly experience as a glass painter has been suggested as a\nlikely source of the heavy black contouring and glowing\ncolours,...",
            "birthyear": "1871",
            "name_short": "ROUAULT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/fauvism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gustave_moreau": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.370526151822,
            "d2": 0.278909954534
        },
        "\/en\/constantin_brancusi": {
            "id": "\/en\/constantin_brancusi",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000000f378",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007942c3a",
            "name": "Constantin Brancusi",
            "abstract": "Constantin Br\u00e2ncu\u015fi or Br\u00e2ncu\u015f (Romanian\npronunciation:\u00a0[konstan\u02c8tin br\u0268n\u02c8ku\u0283\u02b2]; February 19,\n1876 \u2013 March 16, 1957) was a Romanian-born sculptor who\nmade his career in France. As a child he displayed an\naptitude for carving wooden farm tools. Formal studies took\nhim first to Bucharest, then to Munich, then to the \u00c9cole\ndes Beaux-Arts in Paris. His abstract style emphasizes clean\ngeometrical lines that balance forms inherent in his\nmaterials with the symbolic allusions of representational...",
            "birthyear": "1876",
            "name_short": "BRANCUSI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/romania": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_goldsworthy": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/antonin_mercie": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.509666785104,
            "d2": 0.503522040627
        },
        "\/en\/francis_picabia": {
            "id": "\/en\/francis_picabia",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000b131f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000499849c",
            "name": "Francis Picabia",
            "abstract": "Francis Picabia (born Fran\u00e7ois Marie Mart\u00ednez Picabia, 22\nJanuary 1879\u00a0\u2013 30 November 1953) was a French painter,\npoet, and typographist, associated with both the Dada and\nSurrealist art movements.\nFrancis Picabia was born in Paris of a French mother and a\nSpanish-Cuban father who was an attach\u00e9 at the Cuban\nlegation in Paris. His mother died of tuberculosis when he\nwas seven. Some sources would have his father as of\naristocratic Spanish descent, whereas others consider him\nof...",
            "birthyear": "1879",
            "name_short": "PICABIA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/section_dor": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/tristan_tzara": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.370613144992,
            "d2": 0.386649226643
        },
        "\/en\/paul_klee": {
            "id": "\/en\/paul_klee",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000008e5a5",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ac5b4d",
            "name": "Paul Klee",
            "abstract": "Paul Klee (German pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8kle\u02d0]; 18 December\n1879 \u2013 29 June 1940) was born in M\u00fcnchenbuchsee,\nSwitzerland, and is considered both a Swiss and a German\npainter. His highly individual style was influenced by\nmovements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and\nsurrealism. He was, as well, a student of orientalism. Klee\nwas a natural draftsman who experimented with and eventually\nmastered color theory, and wrote extensively about it; his\nlectures Writings on Form and Design Theory...",
            "birthyear": "1879",
            "name_short": "KLEE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/bauhaus": 1,
                "\/en\/bavarians": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/der_blaue_reiter": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/german_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/professor": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.649532429867,
            "d2": 1.11022302463e-16
        },
        "\/en\/antonin_mercie": {
            "id": "\/en\/antonin_mercie",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002041ff",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049b3e0d",
            "name": "Antonin Merci\u00e9",
            "abstract": "Marius Jean Antonin Merci\u00e9 (October 30, 1845 \u2013 December\n13, 1916, Paris), was French sculptor and painter.\nMerci\u00e9 was born in Toulouse. He entered the \u00c9cole des\nBeaux Arts, Paris, and studied under Alexandre Falgui\u00e8re\nand Fran\u00e7ois Jouffroy, and in 1868 gained the Grand Prix de\nRome at the age of 23. His first great popular successes\nwere the David and Gloria Victis, which was shown and\nreceived the Medal of Honour of the Paris Salon. The bronze\nwas subsequently placed in the Square...",
            "birthyear": "1845",
            "name_short": "MERCI\u00e9",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/constantin_brancusi": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/stefan_luchian": {
            "id": "\/en\/stefan_luchian",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000775299",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e2d606",
            "name": "\u015etefan Luchian",
            "abstract": "\u015etefan Luchian or Lukian (1 February 1868\u201328 June 1917)\nwas a Romanian painter, famous for his landscapes and still\nlife works.\nHe was born in \u015etef\u0103ne\u015fti, a village of Boto\u015fani\nCounty, as the son of Major Dumitru Luchian and of Elena\nChiriacescu. The Luchian family moved to Bucharest in 1873\nand his mother desired that he would follow his father's\npath and join the Military School. Instead, in 1885, Luchian\njoined the painting class at the Fine Arts School, where he\nwas encouraged to pursue...",
            "birthyear": "1868",
            "name_short": "LUCHIAN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/romania": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/nicolae_tonitza": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1,
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.187272900537,
            "d2": 0.211914688745
        },
        "\/en\/andre_derain": {
            "id": "\/en\/andre_derain",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000007cf84",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab8cc5",
            "name": "Andr\u00e9 Derain",
            "abstract": "Andr\u00e9 Derain (10 June 1880 \u2013 8 September 1954) was a\nFrench artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism\nwith Henri Matisse.\nDerain was born in 1880 in Chatou, Yvelines,\n\u00cele-de-France, just outside Paris. In 1898, while studying\nto be an engineer at the Acad\u00e9mie Camillo, he attended\npainting classes under Eug\u00e8ne Carri\u00e8re, and there met\nMatisse. In 1900, he met and shared a studio with Maurice de\nVlaminck and began to paint his first landscapes. His\nstudies were interrupted from 1901...",
            "birthyear": "1880",
            "name_short": "DERAIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/fauvism": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.451258265277,
            "d2": 0.40522284331
        },
        "\/en\/frank_duveneck": {
            "id": "\/en\/frank_duveneck",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000008735f0",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000787ed74",
            "name": "Frank Duveneck",
            "abstract": "Frank Duveneck (October 9, 1848 \u2013 January 3, 1919) was an\nAmerican figure and portrait painter.\nDuveneck was born in Covington, Kentucky, the son of German\nimmigrant Bernard Decker. Decker died when Frank was only a\nyear old and his widow remarried Joseph Duveneck. By the age\nof fifteen Frank had begun the study of art under the\ntutelage of a local painter, Johann Schmitt and had been\napprenticed to a German firm of church decorators. While\nhaving grown up in Covington, Duveneck was a part...",
            "birthyear": "1848",
            "name_short": "DUVENECK",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/joseph_decamp": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/robert_rauschenberg": {
            "id": "\/en\/robert_rauschenberg",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001c43f8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000499b0f3",
            "name": "Robert Rauschenberg",
            "abstract": "Robert Rauschenberg (October 22, 1925 \u2013 May 12, 2008) was\nan American artist who came to prominence in the 1950s\ntransition from Abstract Expressionism to Pop Art.\nRauschenberg is well-known for his \"Combines\" of the 1950s,\nin which non-traditional materials and objects were employed\nin innovative combinations. Rauschenberg was both a painter\nand a sculptor and the Combines are a combination of both,\nbut he also worked with photography, printmaking,\npapermaking, and performance. He was...",
            "birthyear": "1925",
            "name_short": "RAUSCHENBERG",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/neo-dada": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/postmodernism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/brice_marden": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/josef_albers": 1,
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.269648748365,
            "d2": 0.716307422021
        },
        "\/en\/joseph_decamp": {
            "id": "\/en\/joseph_decamp",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000053439a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000077f8745",
            "name": "Joseph DeCamp",
            "abstract": "Joseph Rodefer DeCamp (November 5, 1858 - February 11, 1923)\nwas an American painter.\nBorn in Cincinnati, Ohio where he studied with Frank\nDuveneck. In the second half of the 1870s he went with\nDuveneck and fellow students to the Royal Academy of Munich.\nHe then spent time in Florence, Italy, returning to Boston\nin 1883.\nDeCamp became known as a member of the Boston school led by\nEdmund Charles Tarbell and Emil Otto Grundmann, focusing on\nfigure painting, and in the 1890s adopting the style...",
            "birthyear": "1858",
            "name_short": "DECAMP",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/william_mcgregor_paxton": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/frank_duveneck": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.21756198457,
            "d2": 0.400150241663
        },
        "\/en\/jan_matulka": {
            "id": "\/en\/jan_matulka",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b3cadd3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b57dd3f",
            "name": "Jan Matulka",
            "abstract": "Jan Matulka (7 November 1890 - 25 June 1972) was a\nCzech-American modern artist originally from Bohemia.\nMatulka's style would range from Abstract expressionism to\nlandscapes, sometimes in the same day.\nMatulka was born on November 7, 1890 in Vlachovo B\u0159ez\u00ed,\nBohemia, then part of Austria\u2013Hungary and now part of\nCzech Republic. In 1907 Jan, his parents Maria and John, and\nhis five younger sisters moved to The Bronx. Soon after John\nseparated from Jan's mother and left the family alone and...",
            "birthyear": "1890",
            "name_short": "MATULKA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/david_smith_1906": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.371254883428,
            "d2": 0.436377151484
        },
        "\/en\/piero_della_francesca": {
            "id": "\/en\/piero_della_francesca",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000016b0c5",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000081480e4",
            "name": "Piero della Francesca",
            "abstract": "Piero della Francesca (c. 1415 \u2013 October 12, 1492) was a\npainter of the Early Renaissance. As testified by Giorgio\nVasari in his Lives of the Artists, to contemporaries he was\nalso known as a mathematician and geometer. Nowadays Piero\ndella Francesca is chiefly appreciated for his art. His\npainting was characterized by its serene humanism, its use\nof geometric forms and perspective. His most famous work is\nthe cycle of frescoes The Legend of the True Cross in the\nchurch of San Francesco in...",
            "birthyear": "1415",
            "name_short": "FRANCESCA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/melozzo_da_forli": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.224481621076,
            "d2": 0.380051262616
        },
        "\/en\/raphael": {
            "id": "\/en\/raphael",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000005906e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a9b1c0",
            "name": "Raphael",
            "abstract": "Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (April 6 or March 28, 1483 \u2013\nApril 6, 1520), better known simply as Raphael, was an\nItalian painter and architect of the High Renaissance,\ncelebrated for the perfection and grace of his paintings and\ndrawings. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci,\nhe forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that\nperiod.\nRaphael was enormously productive, running an unusually\nlarge workshop, and despite his death at thirty-seven, a\nlarge body of his work...",
            "birthyear": "1483",
            "name_short": "RAPHAEL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/high_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/pierre-auguste_renoir": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/albrecht_durer": 1,
                "\/en\/leonardo_da_vinci": 1,
                "\/en\/melozzo_da_forli": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.350710167848,
            "d2": 0.200242262681
        },
        "\/en\/benjamin_jean_joseph_benjamin_constant": {
            "id": "\/en\/benjamin_jean_joseph_benjamin_constant",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000d7c95a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007927aa3",
            "name": "Jean Joseph Benjamin Constant",
            "abstract": "Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant (also known as Benjamin\nConstant), born Jean-Joseph Constant (10 June 1845 \u2013 26\nMay 1902), was a French painter and etcher best known for\nhis Oriental subjects and portraits.\nBenjamin-Constant was born in Paris. He studied at the\nEcole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he was a pupil of\nAlexandre Cabanel. A journey to Morocco in 1872 strongly\ninfluenced his early artistic development and lead him to\nproduce Romantic scenes under the spell of Orientalism.\nAmong his...",
            "birthyear": "1845",
            "name_short": "CONSTANT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/henry_ossawa_tanner": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/ford_madox_brown": {
            "id": "\/en\/ford_madox_brown",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000001856f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a673cd",
            "name": "Ford Madox Brown",
            "abstract": "Ford Madox Brown (16 April 1821 \u2013 6 October 1893) was an\nEnglish painter of moral and historical subjects, notable\nfor his distinctively graphic and often Hogarthian version\nof the Pre-Raphaelite style.\nBrown was born in Calais and studied art in Antwerp under\nEgide Charles Gustave Wappers. In 1843 he submitted work to\nthe Westminster Cartoon Competition, for compositions to\ndecorate the new Palace of Westminster. He was not\nsuccessful. His early works were, however, greatly admired\nby the...",
            "birthyear": "1821",
            "name_short": "BROWN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dante_gabriel_rossetti": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/william_hogarth": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.21491965385,
            "d2": 0.288153854064
        },
        "\/en\/bartholomeus_van_der_helst": {
            "id": "\/en\/bartholomeus_van_der_helst",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000006248d3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004dc8ba9",
            "name": "Bartholomeus van der Helst",
            "abstract": "Bartholomeus van der Helst (1613 \u2013 buried 16 December\n1670) was a Dutch portrait painter.\nBorn in Haarlem, the son of a Haarlem innkeeper, Van der\nHelst moved to Amsterdam some time before 1636, for he was\nmarried there in that year. His first dated picture, a group\nportrait of the regents of the Walloon Orphanage (currently\nthe location of Maison Descartes in Amsterdam), dates from\n1637. It is unknown from whom he learned to paint, but in\nHaarlem he must have at least known the work of...",
            "birthyear": "1613",
            "name_short": "HELST",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/joshua_reynolds": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/arshile_gorky": {
            "id": "\/en\/arshile_gorky",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001f5651",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078a70f3",
            "name": "Arshile Gorky",
            "abstract": "Arshile Gorky (pronounced \/\u02cc\u0251r\u0283i\u02d0l \u02c8\u0261\u0254rki\u02d0\/, born\nVostanik Manuk Adoyan; Armenian: \u0531\u0580\u0577\u056b\u056c \u0533\u0578\u0580\u056f\u056b,\n\u054e\u0578\u057d\u057f\u0561\u0576\u056b\u056f \u0544\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u056f \u0531\u0564\u0578\u0575\u0561\u0576), (April 15,\n1904? \u2013 July 21, 1948) was an Armenian-born American\npainter who had a seminal influence on Abstract\nExpressionism. As such, his works were often speculated to\nhave been informed by the suffering and loss he experienced\nof the Armenian genocide.\nGorky was born in the village of Khorgom, situated on the\nshores of Lake Van. It is not known exactly when he was...",
            "birthyear": "1904",
            "name_short": "GORKY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/armenia": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.349906801383,
            "d2": 0.356702338222
        },
        "\/en\/leonaert_bramer": {
            "id": "\/en\/leonaert_bramer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004674407",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000973e224",
            "name": "Leonaert Bramer",
            "abstract": "Leonaert\/Leonard Bramer alias Nestelghat (24 December 1596 -\n10 February 1674 (buried)) was a Dutch painter, best known\nfor probably being one of the teachers of Johannes Vermeer,\nalthough there is no similarity between their work. Bramer's\ndark and exotic style is unlike Vermeer's style. Bramer was\nprimarily a genre and history painter, but also made some\nunique frescos, not very often found north of the Alps.\nLeonaert Bramer is one of the most intriguing personalities\nin...",
            "birthyear": "1596",
            "name_short": "BRAMER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/johannes_vermeer": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/adam_elsheimer": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/john_lekay": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_lekay",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000006ecef49",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000095e9696",
            "name": "John LeKay",
            "abstract": "John LeKay (born 1 June 1961) is an English conceptual and\ninstallation artist and sculptor, who lives in New York. In\n1993, he began to make skulls covered in crystal: he has\naccused Damien Hirst of copying this and other ideas. He\npublishes the web site, heyokamagazine.\nJohn LeKay was born in London. He was educated privately at\nIsleworth Polytechnic University, London in 1977. He moved\nto New York in 1991. Instead of higher art education, he\ntravelled with a circus and worked at Pinewood...",
            "birthyear": "1961",
            "name_short": "LEKAY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/installation_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/damien_hirst": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/francis_bacon_1909": 1,
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.337827650682,
            "d2": 0.477593417607
        },
        "\/en\/roger_van_der_weyden": {
            "id": "\/en\/roger_van_der_weyden",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001529fc",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b20f30",
            "name": "Roger van der Weyden",
            "abstract": "Rogier van der Weyden (Dutch pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0280o\u02c8\u029di\u02d0\u0280\nv\u0251nd\u0259\u0280\u02c8\u03b2\u031e\u025b\u02d1\u026a\u032fd\u0259n]) or Rogier de le Pasture (1399\nor 1400 \u2013 June 18, 1464) was an Early Netherlandish\npainter. His surviving works consist mainly of religious\ntriptychs, altarpieces and commissioned single and diptych\nportraits. Although his life and career were generally\nuneventful, he was highly successful and internationally\nfamous in his lifetime. His paintings were exported \u2013 or\ntaken \u2013 to Italy and Spain, and he received commissions...",
            "birthyear": "1400",
            "name_short": "WEYDEN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dirk_bouts": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/dirck_van_baburen": {
            "id": "\/en\/dirck_van_baburen",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000343924",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c5052a",
            "name": "Dirck van Baburen",
            "abstract": "Dirck Jaspersz. van Baburen (c. 1595 \u2013 February 21, 1624)\nwas a Dutch painter associated with the Utrecht\nCaravaggisti.\nDirck van Baburen was probably born in Wijk bij Duurstede,\nbut his family moved to Utrecht when he was still young. He\nwas also known as Teodoer van Baburen and Theodor Baburen.\nThe earliest reference to the artist is in the 1611 records\nof Utrecht's Guild of St. Luke as a pupil of Paulus\nMoreelse. Sometime between 1612 and 1615 he travelled to\nRome. There, he collaborated...",
            "birthyear": "1595",
            "name_short": "BABUREN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/utrecht_school": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/johannes_vermeer": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.0648053189558,
            "d2": 0.358987733207
        },
        "\/en\/carel_fabritius": {
            "id": "\/en\/carel_fabritius",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000024ea4b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bc9f1d",
            "name": "Carel Fabritius",
            "abstract": "Carel Fabritius (bapt. 27 February 1622 - 12 October 1654)\nwas a Dutch painter and one of Rembrandt's most gifted\npupils.\nFabritius was born in the ten-year old Beemster polder, as\nthe son of schoolteacher. Initially he worked as a carpenter\n(Latin fabritius). In the early 1640s he studied at\nRembrandt's studio in Amsterdam, along with his brother\nBarent Fabritius. In the early 1650s he moved to Delft, and\njoined the Delft painters' guild in 1652. He died young,\ncaught in the explosion of...",
            "birthyear": "1622",
            "name_short": "FABRITIUS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/johannes_vermeer": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.144016366511,
            "d2": 0.368814565734
        },
        "\/en\/jeff_koons": {
            "id": "\/en\/jeff_koons",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001a0736",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000498dbe4",
            "name": "Jeff Koons",
            "abstract": "Jeffrey \"Jeff\" Koons (born January 21, 1955) is an American\nartist known for his reproductions of banal objects\u2014such\nas balloon animals produced in stainless steel with mirror\nfinish surfaces.\nKoons' work has sold for substantial sums of money\nincluding at least one world record auction price for a work\nby a living artist. The largest sum known to be paid for a\nwork by Koons is Balloon flower (Magenta) which was sold at\nChristie's London, on Monday, June 30, 2008 (Lot 00012) in\nthe Post-War...",
            "birthyear": "1955",
            "name_short": "KOONS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/damien_hirst": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/claes_oldenburg": 1,
                "\/en\/h_c_westermann": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.522662354157,
            "d2": 0.434831082647
        },
        "\/en\/richard_wilson_1714": {
            "id": "\/en\/richard_wilson_1714",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000120ca8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004afc46a",
            "name": "Richard Wilson",
            "abstract": "Richard Wilson (1 August 1714 \u2013 15 May 1782) was a Welsh\nlandscape painter, and one of the founder members of the\nRoyal Academy in 1768. Wilson has been described as '...the\nmost distinguished painter Wales has ever produced and the\nfirst to appreciate the aesthetic possibilities of his\ncountry.' He is considered to be the father of landscape\npainting in Britain.\nThe son of a clergyman, Wilson was born in Penegoes,\nMontgomeryshire. The family was an old and respected one,\nand Wilson was...",
            "birthyear": "1714",
            "name_short": "WILSON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1,
                "\/en\/visual_artist": 1,
                "\/en\/wales": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/j_m_w_turner": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/joseph-marie_vien": {
            "id": "\/en\/joseph-marie_vien",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000023fc33",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000008206e75",
            "name": "Joseph-Marie Vien",
            "abstract": "Joseph-Marie Vien (18 June 1716 \u2013 27 March 1809), French\npainter, was born at Montpellier. He was the last holder of\nthe post of Premier peintre du Roi, serving from 1789 to\n1791.\nProtected by Comte de Caylus, he entered at an early age\nthe studio of Natoire, and obtained the grand prix in 1745.\nHe used his time at Rome in applying to the study of nature\nand the development of his own powers all that he gleaned\nfrom the masterpieces around him; but his tendencies were so\nforeign to the...",
            "birthyear": "1716",
            "name_short": "VIEN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jean-baptiste_regnault": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/francois_boucher": {
            "id": "\/en\/francois_boucher",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000059044",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078dbd30",
            "name": "Fran\u00e7ois Boucher",
            "abstract": "Fran\u00e7ois Boucher (29 September 1703\u00a0\u2013 30 May 1770) was a\nFrench painter, a proponent of Rococo taste, known for his\nidyllic and voluptuous paintings on classical themes,\ndecorative allegories representing the arts or pastoral\noccupations, intended as a sort of two-dimensional\nfurniture. He also painted several portraits of his\nillustrious patroness, Madame de Pompadour.\nBorn in Paris, the son of a lace designer Nicolas Boucher,\nFran\u00e7ois Boucher (pronounced franh-swah b\u014d\u014d-shay) was\nperhaps...",
            "birthyear": "1703",
            "name_short": "BOUCHER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/rococo": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jean-honore_fragonard": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.247780680887,
            "d2": 0.352830853558
        },
        "\/en\/jean-baptiste-simeon_chardin": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-baptiste-simeon_chardin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000001015e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5f90d",
            "name": "Jean-Baptiste-Sim\u00e9on Chardin",
            "abstract": "Jean-Baptiste-Sim\u00e9on Chardin (2 November 1699 \u2013 6\nDecember 1779) was an 18th-century French painter. He is\nconsidered a master of still life, and is also noted for his\ngenre paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and\ndomestic activities. Carefully balanced composition, soft\ndiffusion of light, and granular impasto characterize his\nwork.\nChardin was born in Paris, the son of a cabinetmaker, and\nrarely left the city. He lived on the Left Bank near\nSaint-Sulpice until 1757, when Louis...",
            "birthyear": "1699",
            "name_short": "CHARDIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/rococo": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jean-honore_fragonard": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.239304565878,
            "d2": 0.272077159115
        },
        "\/en\/giovanni_paolo_pannini": {
            "id": "\/en\/giovanni_paolo_pannini",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000313c92",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b6313c",
            "name": "Giovanni Paolo Pannini",
            "abstract": "Giovanni Paolo Panini or Pannini (17 June 1691 \u2013 21\nOctober 1765) was an Italian painter and architect, mainly\nknown as one of the vedutisti (\"view painters\").\nAs a young man, Panini trained in his native town of\nPiacenza, under Giuseppe Natali and Andrea Galluzzi, and\nlater the stage designer Francesco Galli-Bibiena. In 1711,\nhe moved to Rome, where he studied drawing with Benedetto\nLuti and became famous as a decorator of palaces, including\nthe Villa Patrizi (1719\u20131725), the Palazzo de...",
            "birthyear": "1691",
            "name_short": "PANNINI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/canaletto": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/hercules_seghers": {
            "id": "\/en\/hercules_seghers",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000557e22f",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079eac74",
            "name": "Hercules Seghers",
            "abstract": "Hercules Pieterszoon Seghers or Segers (c. 1589 \u2013 c. 1638)\nwas a Dutch painter and printmaker of the Dutch Golden Age.\nSegers is in fact the more common form in contemporary\ndocuments, and was used by the painter himself (modern use\nis about equally divided between the two). He was \"the most\ninspired, experimental and original landscapist\" of his\nperiod and an even more innovative printmaker.\nHercules was born in Haarlem, as the son of a Mennonite\ncloth merchant, originally from Flanders,...",
            "birthyear": "1589",
            "name_short": "SEGHERS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/mannerism": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gillis_van_coninxloo": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.143752456459,
            "d2": 0.252135610829
        },
        "\/en\/adam_elsheimer": {
            "id": "\/en\/adam_elsheimer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000071c8ca",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000784cd98",
            "name": "Adam Elsheimer",
            "abstract": "Adam Elsheimer (18 March 1578 \u2013 11 December 1610) was a\nGerman artist working in Rome who died at only thirty-two,\nbut was very influential in the early 17th century. His\nrelatively few paintings were small scale, nearly all\npainted on copper plates, of the type often known as cabinet\npaintings. They include a variety of light effects, and an\ninnovative treatment of landscape. He was an influence on\nmany other artists, including Rembrandt and Peter Paul\nRubens.\nElsheimer was born in...",
            "birthyear": "1578",
            "name_short": "ELSHEIMER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/utrecht_school": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/leonaert_bramer": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.0648053189558,
            "d2": 0.358987733207
        },
        "\/en\/paolo_veronese": {
            "id": "\/en\/paolo_veronese",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000018315c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000077a8204",
            "name": "Paolo Veronese",
            "abstract": "Paolo Veronese (1528 \u2013 April 19, 1588) was an Italian\npainter of the Renaissance in Venice, famous for paintings\nsuch as The Wedding at Cana and The Feast in the House of\nLevi. He adopted the name Paolo Cagliari or Paolo Caliari,\nand became known as \"Veronese\" from his birthplace in\nVerona.\nVeronese, Titian, and Tintoretto constitute the triumvirate\nof pre-eminent Venetian painters of the late Renaissance\n(16th century). Veronese is known as a supreme colorist, and\nfor his illusionistic...",
            "birthyear": "1528",
            "name_short": "VERONESE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/simon_vouet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.281242589302,
            "d2": 0.338247424344
        },
        "\/en\/barnett_newman": {
            "id": "\/en\/barnett_newman",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000184962",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078525eb",
            "name": "Barnett Newman",
            "abstract": "Barnett Newman (January 29, 1905 \u2013 July 4, 1970) was an\nAmerican artist. He is seen as one of the major figures in\nabstract expressionism and one of the foremost of the color\nfield painters.\nNewman was born in New York City, the son of Jewish\nimmigrants from Poland. He studied philosophy at the City\nCollege of New York and worked in his father's business\nmanufacturing clothing. From the 1930s he made paintings,\nsaid to be in an expressionist style, but eventually\ndestroyed all these works.\nA...",
            "birthyear": "1905",
            "name_short": "NEWMAN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/hard-edge_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/jew": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/frank_stella": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.23271243845,
            "d2": 0.634588871908
        },
        "\/en\/pieter_brueghel_the_elder": {
            "id": "\/en\/pieter_brueghel_the_elder",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000079a92",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab6412",
            "name": "Pieter Brueghel the Elder",
            "abstract": "Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Dutch pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8pit\u0259\u027e\n\u02c8b\u027e\u00f8\u02d0\u0263\u0259l]; c. 1525 \u2013 9 September 1569) was a Flemish\nRenaissance painter and printmaker known for his landscapes\nand peasant scenes (Genre Painting). He is sometimes\nreferred to as \"Peasant Bruegel\" to distinguish him from\nother members of the Brueghel dynasty, but is also the one\ngenerally meant when the context does not make clear which\n\"Bruegel\" is being referred to. From 1559 he dropped the 'h'\nfrom his name and started signing his...",
            "birthyear": "1525",
            "name_short": "ELDER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_and_flemish_renaissance_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hieronymus_bosch": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.36862095647,
            "d2": 0.29836167359
        },
        "\/en\/anthony_more": {
            "id": "\/en\/anthony_more",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000036e05c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000799a834",
            "name": "Anthony More",
            "abstract": "Sir Antonis Mor (fl. c. 1545 - 1575) was a Netherlandish\nportrait painter, much in demand by the courts of Europe. He\nhas also been referred to as Antoon, Anthonius, Anthonis, or\nMor van Dashorst, Antonio Moro, Anthony More, etc, but\nsigned most of his his portraits as, Anthonis Mor. \nMor was born in Utrecht, Netherlands by some estimation\nbetween 1516 and 1520. What is known of his early life is\nthat his artistic education commenced under Jan van Scorel.\nHis earliest work is probably a...",
            "birthyear": "1520",
            "name_short": "MORE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/alonso_sanchez_coello": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/juraj_julije_klovic": {
            "id": "\/en\/juraj_julije_klovic",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002494da",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bc744c",
            "name": "Juraj Julije Klovi\u0107",
            "abstract": "Giorgio Giulio Clovio (Croatian: Juraj Julije Klovi\u0107) (1498\n\u2013 January 5, 1578) was a Croatian Renaissance illuminator,\nminiaturist, and painter, born in Croatia, who worked in\nRenaissance Italy. He was also a priest. He is considered\nthe greatest illuminator of the Italian High Renaissance,\nand arguably the last very notable artist in the long\ntradition of the illuminated manuscript, before some modern\nrevivals.\nClovio was born in Gri\u017eane, near Crikvenica in Kvarner\nbay, (today in Croatia),...",
            "birthyear": "1498",
            "name_short": "KLOVI\u0107",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/albrecht_durer": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/gillis_van_coninxloo": {
            "id": "\/en\/gillis_van_coninxloo",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000045a415",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007732842",
            "name": "Gillis van Coninxloo",
            "abstract": "Gillis van Coninxloo (1544 \u2013 1607) was a Dutch painter of\nforest landscapes, the most famous member of a large family\nof artists. He travelled through France, and lived in\nGermany for several years to avoid religious persecution.\nHe was born at Antwerp and studied under Pieter Coecke van\nAelst, Lenaert Kroes and Gillis Mostaert. He practiced his\nart in France, but in 1587, on account of religious\npersecution, emigrated to Frankenthal and passed his later\nlife in Amsterdam, where he died in...",
            "birthyear": "1544",
            "name_short": "CONINXLOO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/hercules_seghers": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/clyfford_still": {
            "id": "\/en\/clyfford_still",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000137b6c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000780ff88",
            "name": "Clyfford Still",
            "abstract": "Clyfford Still (November 30, 1904 \u2013 June 23, 1980) was an\nAmerican painter, and one of the leading figures of Abstract\nExpressionism.\nClyfford Still was a leader in the first generation of\nAbstract Expressionists who developed a new, powerful\napproach to painting in the years immediately following\nWorld War II. Still's contemporaries included Philip Guston,\nFranz Kline, Willem de Kooning, Robert Motherwell, Barnett\nNewman, Jackson Pollock, and Mark Rothko. Though the styles\nand approaches of...",
            "birthyear": "1904",
            "name_short": "STILL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.258678554095,
            "d2": 0.56173523422
        },
        "\/en\/salvador_dali": {
            "id": "\/en\/salvador_dali",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000004ff94",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a94777",
            "name": "Salvador Dal\u00ed",
            "abstract": "Salvador Dom\u00e8nec Felip Jacint Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech, Marquis of\nDal\u00ed de P\u00fabol (May 11, 1904 \u2013 January 23, 1989),\ncommonly known as Salvador Dal\u00ed (Catalan\npronunciation:\u00a0[s\u0259\u026b\u03b2\u0259\u02c8\u00f0o \u00f0\u0259\u02c8\u026bi]), was a prominent\nSpanish Catalan surrealist painter born in Figueres.\nDal\u00ed was a skilled draftsman, best known for the striking\nand bizarre images in his surrealist work. His painterly\nskills are often attributed to the influence of Renaissance\nmasters. His best-known work, The Persistence of Memory, was\ncompleted...",
            "birthyear": "1904",
            "name_short": "DAL\u00ed",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/dada": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/photography": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/h_r_giger": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/arnold_bocklin": 1,
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1,
                "\/en\/hieronymus_bosch": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.745597839843,
            "d2": 0.371210443624
        },
        "\/en\/guido_reni": {
            "id": "\/en\/guido_reni",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002d5d0b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c158f6",
            "name": "Guido Reni",
            "abstract": "Guido Reni (4 November 1575 \u2013 18 August 1642) was an\nItalian painter of high-Baroque style.\nBorn in Bologna into a family of musicians, Guido Reni was\nthe son of Daniele Reni and Ginevra de\u2019 Pozzi. As a child\nof nine, he was apprenticed under the Bolognese studio of\nDenis Calvaert. Soon after, he was joined in that studio by\nAlbani and Domenichino. He may also have trained with a\npainter by the name of Ferrantini. When Reni was about\ntwenty years old, the three Calvaert pupils migrated to...",
            "birthyear": "1575",
            "name_short": "RENI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/simon_vouet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/jan_van_eyck": {
            "id": "\/en\/jan_van_eyck",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000005c45b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078e5c29",
            "name": "Jan van Eyck",
            "abstract": "Jan van Eyck (or Johannes de Eyck) (Dutch\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8j\u0251n v\u0251n \u02c8\u025bjk]) (before c. 1395 \u2013\nbefore July 9, 1441) was a Flemish painter active in Bruges\nand considered one of the best Northern European painters of\nthe 15th century.\nThere is a common misconception, which dates back to the\nsixteenth-century Vite of the Tuscan artist and biographer\nGiorgio Vasari, that Jan van Eyck invented oil painting. Oil\npainting as a technique for painting wood statues and other\nobjects is much older, and...",
            "birthyear": "1385",
            "name_short": "EYCK",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_and_flemish_renaissance_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/dirk_bouts": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.230209207928,
            "d2": 0.277409451243
        },
        "\/en\/annibale_carracci": {
            "id": "\/en\/annibale_carracci",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000013e4d3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007814e72",
            "name": "Annibale Carracci",
            "abstract": "Annibale Carracci (November 3, 1560 \u2013 July 15, 1609) was\nan Italian Baroque painter.\nAnnibale Carracci was born in Bologna, and in all\nlikelihood first apprenticed within his family. In 1582,\nAnnibale, his brother Agostino, and his cousin Ludovico\nCarracci opened a painters' studio, initially called by some\nthe Academy of the Desiderosi (desirous of fame and\nlearning) and subsequently the Incamminati (progressives;\nliterally \"of those opening a new way\"). While the Carraccis\nlaid emphasis on...",
            "birthyear": "1560",
            "name_short": "CARRACCI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/simon_vouet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/hendrik_goltzius": {
            "id": "\/en\/hendrik_goltzius",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000036fbdc",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c6a88e",
            "name": "Hendrik Goltzius",
            "abstract": "Hendrik Goltzius (January or February 1558 \u2013 January 1,\n1617, Haarlem), was a Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and\npainter. He was the leading Dutch engraver of the early\nBaroque period, or Northern Mannerism, noted for his\nsophisticated technique and the \"exuberance\" of his\ncompositions. According to A. Hyatt Mayor, Goltzius \"was the\nlast professional engraver who drew with the authority of a\ngood painter and the last who invented many pictures for\nothers to copy\". In middle age he also began...",
            "birthyear": "1558",
            "name_short": "GOLTZIUS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/cornelius_drebbel": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/marten_jacobszoon_heemskerk_van_veen": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio": {
            "id": "\/en\/domenico_ghirlandaio",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000015ac7b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b270b5",
            "name": "Domenico Ghirlandaio",
            "abstract": "Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449 \u2013 11 January 1494) was an\nItalian Renaissance painter from Florence. Among his many\napprentices was Michelangelo.\nGhirlandaio's full name is given as Domenico di Tommaso di\nCurrado di Doffo Bigordi. The occupation of his father\nTommaso Bigordi and his uncle Antonio in 1451 was given as\n\"'setaiuolo a minuto,' that is, dealers of silks and related\nobjects in small quantities.\" He was the eldest of six\nchildren born to Tommaso Bigordi by his first wife Mona\nAntonia;...",
            "birthyear": "1449",
            "name_short": "GHIRLANDAIO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/goldsmith": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/visual_artist": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/michelangelo": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/alessio_baldovinetti": 1,
                "\/en\/andrea_del_verrocchio": 1,
                "\/en\/filippo_lippi": 1,
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/francis_bacon_1909": {
            "id": "\/en\/francis_bacon_1909",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000161dc0",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007833a5b",
            "name": "Francis Bacon",
            "abstract": "Francis Bacon (28 October 1909 \u2013 28 April 1992), born in\nIreland to English parents, was a figurative painter known\nfor his bold, austere, graphic and emotionally raw imagery.\nBacon's painterly but abstract figures typically appear\nisolated in glass or steel geometrical cages set against\nflat, nondescript backgrounds. He began painting during his\nearly 20s and worked only sporadically until his mid 30s.\nBefore this time he drifted, earning his living as an\ninterior decorator and designer of...",
            "birthyear": "1909",
            "name_short": "BACON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/atheism": 1,
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1,
                "\/en\/visual_artist": 1,
                "\/m\/0fq6zlv": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/john_lekay": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.461784683359,
            "d2": 0.254191131691
        },
        "\/en\/john_frederick_kensett": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_frederick_kensett",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000434105",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ccae57",
            "name": "John Frederick Kensett",
            "abstract": "John Frederick Kensett (March 22, 1816 in Cheshire,\nConnecticut - December 14, 1872 in New York City) was an\nAmerican artist and engraver. He attended school at Cheshire\nAcademy, and studied engraving with his immigrant father,\nThomas Kensett, and later with his uncle, Alfred Dagget. He\nworked as engraver in the New Haven area until about 1838,\nafter which he went to work as a bank note engraver in New\nYork City.\nIn 1840, along with Asher Durand and John William Casilear,\nKensett traveled to...",
            "birthyear": "1816",
            "name_short": "KENSETT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/luminism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/martin_johnson_heade": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.138728940595,
            "d2": 0.439004370988
        },
        "\/en\/benjamin_champney": {
            "id": "\/en\/benjamin_champney",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000093266b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e8674c",
            "name": "Benjamin Champney",
            "abstract": "Benjamin Champney (November 20, 1817 \u2013 December 11, 1907)\nis synonymous with White Mountain art of the 19th century.\nHe began his training as a lithographer under celebrated\nmarine artist Fitz Henry Lane at Pendleton's Lithography\nshop in Boston. Most art historians consider him the founder\nof the \"North Conway Colony\" of painters who came to North\nConway, New Hampshire and the surrounding area during the\nsecond half of the 19th century. His paintings were often\nused to make...",
            "birthyear": "1817",
            "name_short": "CHAMPNEY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/martin_johnson_heade": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/thomas_couture": {
            "id": "\/en\/thomas_couture",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001311f0",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b08cc3",
            "name": "Thomas Couture",
            "abstract": "Thomas Couture (21 December 1815 \u2013 30 March 1879) was an\ninfluential French history painter and teacher.\nHe was born at Senlis Oise, France. At age 11, Thomas\nCouture's family moved to Paris where he would study at the\nindustrial arts school (\u00c9cole des Arts et M\u00e9tiers) and\nlater at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts. He failed the\nprestigious Prix de Rome competition at the \u00c9cole six\ntimes, but he felt the problem was with the \u00c9cole, not\nhimself. Couture finally did win the prize in 1837.\nIn 1840, he...",
            "birthyear": "1815",
            "name_short": "COUTURE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/edouard_manet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/wolf_vostell": {
            "id": "\/en\/wolf_vostell",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000111c81",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000496a44d",
            "name": "Wolf Vostell",
            "abstract": "Wolf Vostell (14 October 1932 in Leverkusen, Germany \u2013 3\nApril 1998 in Berlin) was a German painter, sculptor, noise\nmusic maker and Happening artist of the second half of the\n20th century. Wolf Vostell is considered one of the pioneers\nof video art, environment-sculptures, Happenings and the\nFluxus Movement. Techniques such as blurring and the\nd\u00e9-collage are characteristic of his work, as is embedding\nobjects in concrete.\nWolf Vostell put his artistic ideas into practice from 1950\nonwards....",
            "birthyear": "1932",
            "name_short": "VOSTELL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/conceptual_art": 1,
                "\/en\/fluxus": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/video_art": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/nam_june_paik": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.580208426288,
            "d2": 0.541501738027
        },
        "\/en\/henri_lehmann": {
            "id": "\/en\/henri_lehmann",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000464e67b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000084c6fc2",
            "name": "Henri Lehmann",
            "abstract": "Henri Lehmann (14 April 1814 \u2013 30 Mar 1882) was a\nGerman-born French historical painter and portraitist.\nBorn Heinrich Salem Lehmann in Kiel, Schleswig, Germany, he\nreceived his first art tuition from his father Leo Lehmann\n(1782\u20131859) and from other painters in Hamburg. In 1831,\nat the age of 17, he travelled to Paris to study art under\nJean Auguste Dominique Ingres, becoming one of his most\naccomplished pupils and a close associate for many years.\nHis first exhibition was at the Salon in...",
            "birthyear": "1814",
            "name_short": "LEHMANN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/camille_pissarro": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/jean-francois_millet": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-francois_millet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000002145b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a6f979",
            "name": "Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Millet",
            "abstract": "Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Millet (October 4, 1814 \u2013 January 20, 1875)\nwas a French painter and one of the founders of the Barbizon\nschool in rural France. Millet is noted for his scenes of\npeasant farmers; he can be categorized as part of the\nnaturalism and realism movements.\nMillet was the first child of Jean-Louis-Nicolas and\nAim\u00e9e-Henriette-Ad\u00e9la\u00efde Henry Millet, members of the\npeasant community in the village of Gruchy, in\nGr\u00e9ville-Hague (Normandy). Under the guidance of two\nvillage priests, Millet...",
            "birthyear": "1814",
            "name_short": "MILLET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/barbizon_school": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.416502345628,
            "d2": 0.273571409073
        },
        "\/en\/jacopo_de_barbari": {
            "id": "\/en\/jacopo_de_barbari",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000046e2bb9",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078e3c48",
            "name": "Jacopo de' Barbari",
            "abstract": "Jacopo de' Barbari, sometimes known or referred to as\nde'Barbari, de Barberi, de Barbari, Barbaro, Barberino,\nBarbarigo or Barberigo (c. 1440 \u2013 before 1516), was an\nItalian painter and printmaker with a highly individual\nstyle. He moved from Venice to Germany in 1500, thus\nbecoming the first Italian Renaissance artist of stature to\nwork in Northern Europe. His few surviving paintings (about\ntwelve) include the first known example of trompe l'oeil\nsince antiquity. His twenty-nine engravings...",
            "birthyear": "1450",
            "name_short": "BARBARI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/albrecht_durer": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/ben_nicholson": {
            "id": "\/en\/ben_nicholson",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001d17e3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b97d2a6",
            "name": "Ben Nicholson",
            "abstract": "Benjamin Lauder \"Ben\" Nicholson, OM (10 April 1894 \u2013 6\nFebruary 1982) was an English abstract painter.\nBorn in 1894 in Denham, Buckinghamshire, Nicholson was the\nson of the painter Sir William Nicholson and Mabel Pryde,\nand the brother of Nancy Nicholson. The family moved to\nLondon in 1896 and Nicholson was educated at Tyttenhangar\nLodge Preparatory School, Seaford, Heddon Court, Hampstead\nand then as a boarder at Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk. He\ntrained as an artist at the Slade School...",
            "birthyear": "1894",
            "name_short": "NICHOLSON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_goldsworthy": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/karl_von_piloty": {
            "id": "\/en\/karl_von_piloty",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000386286",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079af79a",
            "name": "Karl von Piloty",
            "abstract": "Karl Theodor von Piloty (1 October 1826 \u2013 21 July 1886)\nwas a German painter.\nVon Piloty was born in Munich. His father, Ferdinand Piloty\n(d. 1844), enjoyed a great reputation as a lithographer. In\n1840, Karl was admitted as a student of the Munich Academy,\nunder the artists Karl Schorn and Julius Schnorr von\nKarolsfeld. After a journey to Belgium, France and England,\nhe commenced work as a painter of genre pictures, and in\n1853 produced a work, Die Amme (The Wet Nurse), which, on\naccount of...",
            "birthyear": "1826",
            "name_short": "PILOTY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/academic_art": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/hans_makart": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.221217637883,
            "d2": 0.440737291345
        },
        "\/en\/john_everett_millais": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_everett_millais",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000b01a4",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad5cda",
            "name": "John Everett Millais",
            "abstract": "Sir John Everett Millais, 1st Baronet, PRA (8 June 1829 \u2013\n13 August 1896) was an English painter and illustrator and\none of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.\nMillais (pronounced Mih-lay) was born in Southampton,\nEngland in 1829, of a prominent Jersey-based family. His\nprodigious artistic talent won him a place at the Royal\nAcademy schools at the unprecedented age of eleven. While\nthere, he met William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti\nwith whom he formed the Pre-Raphaelite...",
            "birthyear": "1829",
            "name_short": "MILLAIS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/lewis_carroll": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.421283857491,
            "d2": 0.238554719624
        },
        "\/en\/gustave_moreau": {
            "id": "\/en\/gustave_moreau",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000007de3d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab99ee",
            "name": "Gustave Moreau",
            "abstract": "Gustave Moreau (6 April 1826 \u2013 18 April 1898) was a French\nSymbolist painter whose main emphasis was the illustration\nof biblical and mythological figures. As a painter of\nliterary ideas, Moreau appealed to the imaginations of some\nSymbolist writers and artists.\nMoreau was born in Paris. His father, Louis Jean Marie\nMoreau, was an architect, who recognized his talent. His\nmother was Adele Pauline des Moutiers. Moreau studied under\nFran\u00e7ois-\u00c9douard Picot and became a friend of Th\u00e9odore...",
            "birthyear": "1826",
            "name_short": "MOREAU",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/georges_rouault": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/francois_edouard_picot": 1,
                "\/en\/theodore_chasseriau": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.236687597989,
            "d2": 0.362672795674
        },
        "\/en\/eugene_boudin": {
            "id": "\/en\/eugene_boudin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000036ec00",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c69559",
            "name": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin",
            "abstract": "Eug\u00e8ne Boudin (12 July 1824 \u2013 8 August 1898) was one of\nthe first French landscape painters to paint outdoors.\nBoudin was a marine painter, and expert in the rendering of\nall that goes upon the sea and along its shores. His\npastels, summary and economic, garnered the splendid eulogy\nof Baudelaire, and Corot who, gazing at his pictures, said\nto him, \"You are the master of the sky.\"\nBorn at Honfleur, France, he worked in a small art shop\nwhere Claude Monet displayed his art work Le Havre and...",
            "birthyear": "1824",
            "name_short": "BOUDIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/claude_monet": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.273356380756,
            "d2": 0.340143236885
        },
        "\/en\/theodore_chasseriau": {
            "id": "\/en\/theodore_chasseriau",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000038239d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5c2c8",
            "name": "Th\u00e9odore Chass\u00e9riau",
            "abstract": "Th\u00e9odore Chass\u00e9riau (September 20, 1819 \u2013 October 8,\n1856) was a French romantic painter noted for his portraits,\nhistorical and religious paintings, allegorical murals, and\nOrientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria.\nChass\u00e9riau was born in Saman\u00e1, in Saint Domingue (now the\nDominican Republic). His father was a French adventurer who,\nat the time of Th\u00e9odore's birth, held an administrative\nposition in what was then a French colony; his mother was\nthe daughter of a Creole...",
            "birthyear": "1819",
            "name_short": "CHASS\u00e9RIAU",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gustave_moreau": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/honore_daumier": {
            "id": "\/en\/honore_daumier",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001e586b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b86835",
            "name": "Honor\u00e9 Daumier",
            "abstract": "Honor\u00e9 Daumier (February 26, 1808 \u2013 February 10, 1879)\nwas a French printmaker, caricaturist, painter, and\nsculptor, whose many works offer commentary on social and\npolitical life in France in the 19th century.\nA prolific draftsman who produced over 4000 lithographs, he\nwas perhaps best known for his caricatures of political\nfigures and satires on the behavior of his countrymen,\nalthough posthumously the value of his painting has also\nbeen recognized.\nDaumier was born in Marseille to...",
            "birthyear": "1808",
            "name_short": "DAUMIER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/nicolae_tonitza": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.523194469739,
            "d2": 0.252982255501
        },
        "\/en\/andre_masson": {
            "id": "\/en\/andre_masson",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001cadda",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049c846a",
            "name": "Andr\u00e9 Masson",
            "abstract": "Andr\u00e9-Aim\u00e9-Ren\u00e9 Masson (4 January 1896 \u2013 28 October\n1987) was a French artist.\nMasson was born in Balagny-sur-Th\u00e9rain, Oise, but was\nbrought up in Belgium. He studied art in Brussels, at the\nAcad\u00e9mie Royale des Beaux-Arts under Constant Montald (at\nthe age of eleven), and in Paris. He fought for France in\nWorld War I and was seriously injured.\nHis early works display an interest in cubism. He later\nbecame associated with surrealism, and he was one of the\nmost enthusiastic employers of...",
            "birthyear": "1896",
            "name_short": "MASSON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.423954714385,
            "d2": 0.325967955502
        },
        "\/en\/william_blake": {
            "id": "\/en\/william_blake",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000006d38398",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a8a0ab",
            "name": "William Blake",
            "abstract": "William Blake (28 November 1757\u00a0\u2013 12 August 1827) was an\nEnglish poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised\nduring his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal\nfigure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of\nthe Romantic Age. His prophetic poetry has been said to form\n\"what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of\npoetry in the English language\". His visual artistry has led\none contemporary art critic to proclaim him \"far and away\nthe greatest artist...",
            "birthyear": "1757",
            "name_short": "BLAKE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/english_people": 1,
                "\/en\/moravians": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/poet": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaker": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/samuel_palmer": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/ben_shahn": {
            "id": "\/en\/ben_shahn",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000247364",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bc5d2e",
            "name": "Ben Shahn",
            "abstract": "Ben Shahn (September 12, 1898 \u2013 March 14, 1969) was a\nLithuanian-born American artist. He is best known for his\nworks of social realism, his left-wing political views, and\nhis series of lectures published as The Shape of Content.\nShahn was born in Kovno (Kaunas), Russian Empire, to Joshua\nHessel and Gittel (Lieberman) Shahn. His father was exiled\nto Siberia for possible revolutionary activities in 1902, at\nwhich point Shahn, his mother, and two younger siblings\nmoved to Vilkomir (Ukmerg\u0117)....",
            "birthyear": "1898",
            "name_short": "SHAHN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/photographer": 1,
                "\/en\/photography": 1,
                "\/en\/social_realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/andy_warhol": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_rivera": 1,
                "\/en\/georges_rouault": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_klee": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.317401972379,
            "d2": 0.550406180289
        },
        "\/en\/jean_dubuffet": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean_dubuffet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001af721",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049933cc",
            "name": "Jean Dubuffet",
            "abstract": "Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet (31 July 1901 - 12 May 1985)\nwas a French painter and sculptor. His idealistic approach\nto aesthetics embraced so called \"low art\" and eschewed\ntraditional standards of beauty in favor of what he believed\nto be a more authentic and humanistic approach to\nimage-making.\nDubuffet was born in Le Havre. He moved to Paris in 1918 to\nstudy painting at the Acad\u00e9mie Julian, but after six months\nhe left the Acad\u00e9mie to study independently. In 1924,\ndoubting the value of...",
            "birthyear": "1901",
            "name_short": "DUBUFFET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/karel_appel": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.431765501998,
            "d2": 0.369774330823
        },
        "\/en\/jacques-louis_david": {
            "id": "\/en\/jacques-louis_david",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000013e5b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a62a02",
            "name": "Jacques-Louis David",
            "abstract": "Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 \u2013 29 December 1825)\nwas a highly influential French painter in the Neoclassical\nstyle, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era.\nIn the 1780s his cerebral brand of history painting marked a\nchange in taste away from Rococo frivolity toward a\nclassical austerity and severity, heightened feeling chiming\nwith the moral climate of the final years of the ancien\nr\u00e9gime.\nDavid later became an active supporter of the French\nRevolution and friend of...",
            "birthyear": "1748",
            "name_short": "DAVID",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/neoclassicism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/antoine-jean_gros": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/nicolas_poussin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.374479056006,
            "d2": 0.282988482911
        },
        "\/en\/benjamin_west": {
            "id": "\/en\/benjamin_west",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001f1ae6",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b8ebf5",
            "name": "Benjamin West",
            "abstract": "Benjamin West, RA (October 10, 1738 \u2013 March 11, 1820) was\nan Anglo-American painter of historical scenes around and\nafter the time of the American War of Independence. He was\nthe second president of the Royal Academy in London, serving\nfrom 1792 to 1805 and 1806 to 1820.\nWest was born in Springfield, Pennsylvania, in a house that\nis now in the borough of Swarthmore on the campus of\nSwarthmore College, as the tenth child of an innkeeper. The\nfamily later moved to Newtown Square, Pennsylvania,...",
            "birthyear": "1738",
            "name_short": "WEST",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/john_lewis_krimmel": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/pieter_van_os": {
            "id": "\/en\/pieter_van_os",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000083bd654",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b933319",
            "name": "Pieter van Os",
            "abstract": "Pieter Gerardus van Os (8 October 1776 \u2013 28 March 1839)\nwas a Dutch painter and engraver and a member of the\nrenowned Van Os family of artists.\nVan Os was born in The Hague the son of Jan van Os. He\nstudied with his father and from 1794 to 1795 at the\nTekenakademie in The Hague. During this period he copied\npaintings from the works by Paulus Potter and Charles\nDujardin. Van Os was particularly fond of animals as his\nsubject matter and made such an excellent copy of one of\nPotter's works -...",
            "birthyear": "1776",
            "name_short": "OS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/anton_mauve": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/john_lewis_krimmel": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_lewis_krimmel",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000006b5b933",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "John Lewis Krimmel",
            "abstract": "John Lewis Krimmel (May 30, 1786-July 15, 1821), sometimes\ncalled \"the American Hogarth\" was America's first painter of\ngenre scenes. Born in Germany, he emigrated to Philadelphia\nin 1809 and soon became a member of the Pennsylvania Academy\nof Fine Arts. Initially influenced by Scotland's David\nWilkie, England's William Hogarth and America's Benjamin\nWest, he soon turned to direct observation of life for his\ngenre scenes. He was among the first artists in America to\nportray free blacks, such...",
            "birthyear": "1786",
            "name_short": "KRIMMEL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/germany": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/thomas_eakins": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/benjamin_west": 1,
                "\/en\/william_hogarth": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/masolino_da_panicale": {
            "id": "\/en\/masolino_da_panicale",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000172c72",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b39963",
            "name": "Masolino da Panicale",
            "abstract": "Masolino da Panicale (nickname of Tommaso di Cristoforo\nFini; c. 1383 \u2013 c. 1447) was an Italian painter. His best\nknown works are probably his collaborations with Masaccio:\nMadonna with Child and St. Anne (1424) and the frescoes in\nthe Brancacci Chapel (1424\u20131428).\nMasolino (\"Little Tom\") was born in Panicale. He may have\nbeen an assistant to Ghiberti in Florence between 1403 and\n1407. In 1423, he joined the Florentine guild Arte dei\nMedici e Speziali (Doctors and Apothecaries), which...",
            "birthyear": "1383",
            "name_short": "PANICALE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/lorenzo_ghiberti": 1,
                "\/en\/masaccio": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.224481621076,
            "d2": 0.380051262616
        },
        "\/en\/robert_walter_weir": {
            "id": "\/en\/robert_walter_weir",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000006ff7f2",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e0d11b",
            "name": "Robert Walter Weir",
            "abstract": "Robert Walter Weir (June 18, 1803 - May 1, 1889) was an\nAmerican artist, best known as an educator, and as an\nhistorical painter. He was considered an artist of the\nHudson River school, was elected to the National Academy of\nDesign in 1829, and an instructor at the United States\nMilitary Academy. Among his better-known works are: The\nEmbarkation of the Pilgrims (in the rotunda of the United\nStates Capitol at Washington, D.C.); Landing of Hendrik\nHudson; Evening of the Crucifixion; Columbus...",
            "birthyear": "1803",
            "name_short": "WEIR",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.18984018986,
            "d2": 0.324870049337
        },
        "\/en\/michael_craig-martin": {
            "id": "\/en\/michael_craig-martin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000052dd82",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000077f4185",
            "name": "Michael Craig-Martin",
            "abstract": "Michael Craig-Martin RA (born Dublin, 28 August 1941) is a\ncontemporary conceptual artist and painter. He is noted for\nhis fostering of the Young British Artists, many of whom he\ntaught, and for his conceptual artwork, An Oak Tree. He is\nEmeritus Professor of Fine Art at Goldsmiths.\nMichael Craig-Martin was born to Irish parents, Paul and\nRhona, both devout Catholics, who lived in London, where his\nfather worked as an agricultural economist for the British\nMinistry of Food. They wanted their...",
            "birthyear": "1941",
            "name_short": "CRAIG-MARTIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/conceptual_art": 1,
                "\/en\/concept_art": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/damien_hirst": 1
            },
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.499790145825,
            "d2": 0.30653558916
        },
        "\/en\/leon_cogniet": {
            "id": "\/en\/leon_cogniet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000005743f1",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000816f801",
            "name": "L\u00e9on Cogniet",
            "abstract": "L\u00e9on Cogniet (29 August 1794 \u2013 20 November 1880) was a\nFrench historical and portrait painter.\nCogniet was born in Paris. In 1812, he entered the \u00c9cole\ndes Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he studied under\nPierre-Narcisse Gu\u00e9rin at the same time as Delacroix and\nG\u00e9ricault. In 1817 he won the Prix de Rome and was a\nresident at the Villa Medici from 1817 to 1822. His first\npicture of note was Marius among the Ruins of Carthage\n(1824). He decorated several ceilings in the Louvre and the\nHalle de...",
            "birthyear": "1794",
            "name_short": "COGNIET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/jean-louis-ernest_meissonier": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/francois_edouard_picot": {
            "id": "\/en\/francois_edouard_picot",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004760def",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079afd4d",
            "name": "Fran\u00e7ois-\u00c9douard Picot",
            "abstract": "Fran\u00e7ois-Edouard Picot (10 October 1786 \u2013 15 March 1868)\nwas a French painter during the July Monarchy, painting\nmythological, religious and historical subjects.\nBorn in Paris, Picot won the Prix de Rome painting\nscholarship in 1813 , and gained success at the 1819 Salon\nwith his neoclassical L'Amour et Psych\u00e9 (Louvre).\nHe painted the The Crowning of the Virgin in the church of\nNotre-Dame-de-Lorette  and had large commissions for the\nGalerie des Batailles. He exhibited at the Paris Salon...",
            "birthyear": "1786",
            "name_short": "PICOT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": {
                "\/en\/gustave_moreau": 1
            },
            "fr": [],
            "fr_count": 0,
            "to_count": 1,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/betty_hawley_kelso": {
            "id": "\/en\/betty_hawley_kelso",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000c4deb3a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000c4e21be",
            "name": "Betty Hawley Kelso",
            "abstract": "Betty Hawley Kelso was an American painter associated with\nthe\u00a0Geometric abstraction\u00a0movement of the 20th\ncentury.\u00a0Betty painted bold abstracts; her paintings were\nexhibited at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art in the\n1960s, the Blanden Art Museum in her hometown of Fort Dodge,\nand internationally at U.S. embassies.",
            "birthyear": "1915",
            "name_short": "KELSO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/episcopal_church": 1,
                "\/en\/geometric_abstract_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/josef_albers": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.246289256539,
            "d2": 0.473516531793
        },
        "\/en\/frida_kahlo": {
            "id": "\/en\/frida_kahlo",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000012c404",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad4a04",
            "name": "Frida Kahlo",
            "abstract": "Frida Kahlo de Rivera (July 6, 1907 \u2013 July 13, 1954; born\nMagdalena Carmen Frieda Kahlo y Calder\u00f3n) was a Mexican\npainter, born in Coyoac\u00e1n, and perhaps best known for her\nself-portraits.\nKahlo's life began and ended in Mexico City, in her home\nknown as the Blue House. She gave her birth date as July 7,\n1910, but her birth certificate shows July 6, 1907. Kahlo\nhad allegedly wanted the year of her birth to coincide with\nthe year of the beginning of the Mexican revolution so that\nher life...",
            "birthyear": "1907",
            "name_short": "KAHLO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/atheism": 1,
                "\/en\/mexico": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1,
                "\/m\/09k5jvk": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_rivera": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.370613144992,
            "d2": 0.386649226643
        },
        "\/en\/helen_frankenthaler": {
            "id": "\/en\/helen_frankenthaler",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001846db",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049b6d70",
            "name": "Helen Frankenthaler",
            "abstract": "Helen Frankenthaler (born December 12, 1928) is an American\nabstract expressionist painter. She is a major contributor\nto the history of postwar American painting. Having\nexhibited her work in six decades she has spanned several\ngenerations of abstract painters while continuing to produce\nvital and ever-changing new work. She began exhibiting her\nlarge-scale abstract expressionist paintings in contemporary\nmuseums and galleries in the early 1950s. She was included\nin the 1964 Post-Painterly...",
            "birthyear": "1928",
            "name_short": "FRANKENTHALER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/lyrical_abstraction": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-painterly_abstraction": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hans_hofmann": 1,
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.193760154527,
            "d2": 0.70329836979
        },
        "\/en\/dale_chihuly": {
            "id": "\/en\/dale_chihuly",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000013fee",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079d1611",
            "name": "Dale Chihuly",
            "abstract": "Dale Chihuly (born September 20, 1941, in Tacoma,\nWashington, United States) is an American glass sculptor and\nentrepreneur.\nChihuly graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in\nTacoma, Washington. Supported by his mother, after his\nbrother, George, died in 1957 at a flight-training accident\nin Florida and his father's death of a heart attack a year\nlater, he enrolled at the College of the Puget Sound in\n1959. A year later, he transferred to the University of\nWashington at Seattle, where in...",
            "birthyear": "1941",
            "name_short": "CHIHULY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/united_states": 1,
                "\/m\/03ysslk": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/harvey_littleton": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.39262544424,
            "d2": 0.527965167127
        },
        "\/en\/bruce_nauman": {
            "id": "\/en\/bruce_nauman",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000624ea",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000081c34fc",
            "name": "Bruce Nauman",
            "abstract": "Bruce Nauman (born December 6, 1941, in Fort Wayne, Indiana)\nis a contemporary American artist. His practice spans a\nbroad range of media including sculpture, photography, neon,\nvideo, drawing, printmaking, and performance.\nNauman studied mathematics and physics at the University of\nWisconsin\u2013Madison, and art with William T. Wiley and\nRobert Arneson at the University of California, Davis. He\nworked as an assistant to Wayne Thiebaud, and in 1966 he\nbecame a teacher at the San Francisco Art...",
            "birthyear": "1941",
            "name_short": "NAUMAN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/performance": 1,
                "\/en\/photography": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/h_c_westermann": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.714282773383,
            "d2": 0.540713215623
        },
        "\/en\/h_r_giger": {
            "id": "\/en\/h_r_giger",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000001c672",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000077b4ee8",
            "name": "H. R. Giger",
            "abstract": "Hans Rudolf \"Ruedi\" Giger ( \/\u02c8\u0261i\u02d0\u0261\u0259(r)\/; born February\n5, 1940) is a Swiss surrealist painter, sculptor, and set\ndesigner. He won an Academy Award for Best Achievement for\nVisual Effects for his design work on the film Alien.\nGiger was born in Chur, Graub\u00fcnden Canton, Switzerland,\nthe son of a chemist. In 1962, he moved to Zurich, where he\nstudied Architecture and industrial design at the School of\nApplied Arts until 1970. Giger had a relationship with Swiss\nactress Li Tobler until she...",
            "birthyear": "1940",
            "name_short": "GIGER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/switzerland": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/salvador_dali": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.441650211967,
            "d2": 0.466939382586
        },
        "\/en\/brice_marden": {
            "id": "\/en\/brice_marden",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000009a108b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000098ab43f",
            "name": "Brice Marden",
            "abstract": "Brice Marden (born October 15, 1938), is an American artist,\ngenerally described as Minimalist, although his work defies\nspecific categorization. He is represented by the Matthew\nMarks Gallery.\nMarden was born in Bronxville, New York and grew up in\nnearby Briarcliff Manor. He attended Florida Southern\nCollege, Lakeland (1957 to 1958), receiving his BFA from the\nBoston University, School of Fine and Applied Arts in 1961.\nMarden earned his MFA from the Yale School of Art and\nArchitecture...",
            "birthyear": "1938",
            "name_short": "MARDEN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hard-edge_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/minimalism": 1,
                "\/en\/monochrome_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jasper_johns": 1,
                "\/en\/robert_rauschenberg": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.314910939352,
            "d2": 0.639868047524
        },
        "\/en\/dick_higgins": {
            "id": "\/en\/dick_higgins",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000017a2cb",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049b4c42",
            "name": "Dick Higgins",
            "abstract": "Dick Higgins (March 15, 1938 \u2013 October 25, 1998) was a\ncomposer, poet, printer, and early Fluxus artist. Higgins\nwas born in Cambridge, England, but raised in the United\nStates in various parts of New England, including Worcester,\nMassachusetts, Putney, Vermont, and Concord, New Hampshire.\nLike other Fluxus artists, Higgins studied composition with\nJohn Cage at the New School of Social Research in New York.\nHe married fellow artist Alison Knowles in 1960. Both took\npart in the Wiesbaden,...",
            "birthyear": "1938",
            "name_short": "HIGGINS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/claes_oldenburg": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.433735106317,
            "d2": 0.435416704916
        },
        "\/en\/odd_nerdrum": {
            "id": "\/en\/odd_nerdrum",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000021d2b3",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049db3bd",
            "name": "Odd Nerdrum",
            "abstract": "Odd Nerdrum (born April 8, 1944 in Helsingborg, Sweden), is\na Norwegian figurative painter. Themes and style in\nNerdrum's work reference anecdote and narrative, while\nprimary influences by the painters Rembrandt and Caravaggio\nplace his work in direct conflict with the abstraction and\nconceptual art considered acceptable in much of his native\nNorway, and in opposition to the art of the time.\nNerdrum creates six to eight paintings per year categorized\nas, Still life paintings of small...",
            "birthyear": "1944",
            "name_short": "NERDRUM",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/norway": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1,
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.360906577713,
            "d2": 0.456426250387
        },
        "\/en\/andy_goldsworthy": {
            "id": "\/en\/andy_goldsworthy",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000023dd56",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bc05d0",
            "name": "Andy Goldsworthy",
            "abstract": "Andy Goldsworthy, OBE (born 26 July 1956) is a British\nsculptor, photographer and environmentalist producing\nsite-specific sculpture and land art situated in natural and\nurban settings. He lives and works in Scotland.\nThe son of F. Allin Goldsworthy (1929\u20132001), former\nprofessor of applied mathematics at the University of Leeds,\nAndy Goldsworthy was born in Cheshire and grew up on the\nHarrogate side of Leeds, West Yorkshire, in a house edging\nthe green belt. From the age of 13 he worked on...",
            "birthyear": "1956",
            "name_short": "GOLDSWORTHY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/land_art": 1,
                "\/en\/photographer": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/ben_nicholson": 1,
                "\/en\/constantin_brancusi": 1,
                "\/en\/joseph_beuys": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.567416047739,
            "d2": 0.561596796455
        },
        "\/en\/dirk_bouts": {
            "id": "\/en\/dirk_bouts",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000007f7fa1",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004e5b9b7",
            "name": "Dirk Bouts",
            "abstract": "Dieric Bouts, also spelled Dirk, Dierick, Dirck or Thierry\n(born ca. 1410\/1420, died 1475) was an Early Netherlandish\npainter.\nAccording to Karel van Mander in his Het Schilderboeck of\n1604, Bouts was born in Haarlem and was mainly active in\nLeuven (Louvain), where he was city painter from 1468. Van\nMander confused the issue by writing biographies of both\n\"Dieric of Haarlem\" and \"Dieric of Leuven,\" although he was\nreferring to the same artist. The similarity of their last\nnames also led to...",
            "birthyear": 1410,
            "name_short": "BOUTS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jan_van_eyck": 1,
                "\/en\/roger_van_der_weyden": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/banksy": {
            "id": "\/en\/banksy",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000021a8ea",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049bcc92",
            "name": "Banksy",
            "abstract": "Banksy is an anonymous British graffiti artist, political\nactivist, film director and painter. His satirical street\nart and subversive epigrams combine irreverent dark humour\nwith graffiti done in a distinctive stencilling technique.\nSuch artistic works of political and social commentary have\nbeen featured on streets, walls, and bridges of cities\nthroughout the world.\nBanksy's work was born out of the Bristol underground scene\nwhich involved collaborations between artists and\nmusicians....",
            "birthyear": "1974",
            "name_short": "BANKSY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/graffiti": 1,
                "\/en\/mural": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/street_art": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.714874318493,
            "d2": 0.590968498062
        },
        "\/en\/damien_hirst": {
            "id": "\/en\/damien_hirst",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001b6db1",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007801eff",
            "name": "Damien Hirst",
            "abstract": "Damien Steven Hirst (born 7 June 1965) is an English artist,\nentrepreneur and art collector. He is the most prominent\nmember of the group known as the Young British Artists (or\nYBAs), who dominated the art scene in Britain during the\n1990s. He is internationally renowned, and is reportedly\nBritain's richest living artist, with his wealth valued at\n\u00a3215m in the 2010 Sunday Times Rich List. During the 1990s\nhis career was closely linked with the collector Charles\nSaatchi, but increasing...",
            "birthyear": "1965",
            "name_short": "HIRST",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/installation_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1,
                "\/en\/young_british_artists": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jeff_koons": 1,
                "\/en\/john_lekay": 1,
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1,
                "\/en\/michael_craig-martin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.442216855197,
            "d2": 0.589903575749
        },
        "\/en\/gerald_brom": {
            "id": "\/en\/gerald_brom",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000415f86",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "Gerald Brom",
            "abstract": "Gerald Brom (born March 9, 1965 in Albany, Georgia) is an\nAmerican gothic fantasy artist and illustrator, known for\nhis work in role-playing games, novels, and comics.\nBrom was born March 9, 1965, in Albany, Georgia. As the son\nof a U.S. Army pilot he spent much of his early years on the\nmove, living in many countries such as Japan and Germany (he\ngraduated from high school in Frankfurt, Germany), and U.S.\nstates including Alabama and Hawaii. Brought up as a\nmilitary dependent he was known...",
            "birthyear": "1965",
            "name_short": "BROM",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/illustrator": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/frank_frazetta": 1,
                "\/en\/n_c_wyeth": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/david_hockney": {
            "id": "\/en\/david_hockney",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000184726",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049b6d97",
            "name": "David Hockney",
            "abstract": "David Hockney, CH, RA, (born 9 July 1937) is an English\npainter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and\nphotographer, who is based in Bridlington, Yorkshire,\nalthough he also maintains a base in London. An important\ncontributor to the Pop art movement of the 1960s, he is\nconsidered one of the most influential British artists of\nthe twentieth century.\nHockney was born in Bradford to Laura and Kenneth Hockney\nand educated first at Wellington Primary School. After being\neducated at...",
            "birthyear": "1937",
            "name_short": "HOCKNEY",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/photographer": 1,
                "\/en\/photography": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.38837910735,
            "d2": 0.536270581022
        },
        "\/en\/frank_stella": {
            "id": "\/en\/frank_stella",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000013a823",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000825fc6b",
            "name": "Frank Stella",
            "abstract": "Frank Stella (born May 12, 1936) is an American painter and\nprintmaker. He is a significant figure in minimalism and\npost-painterly abstraction.\nHe was born in Malden, Massachusetts. After attending high\nschool at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, he\nwent on to Princeton University, where he majored in history\nand met Darby Bannard and Michael Fried; his work was\ninfluenced by the abstract expressionism of Jackson Pollock\nand Franz Kline. Early visits to New York art galleries...",
            "birthyear": "1936",
            "name_short": "STELLA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/geometric_abstract_art": 1,
                "\/en\/hard-edge_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_american": 1,
                "\/en\/lyrical_abstraction": 1,
                "\/en\/minimalism": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/monochrome_painting": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-painterly_abstraction": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/barnett_newman": 1,
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1,
                "\/en\/franz_kline": 1,
                "\/en\/jackson_pollock": 1,
                "\/en\/jasper_johns": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 1,
            "d2": 1
        },
        "\/en\/roy_lichtenstein": {
            "id": "\/en\/roy_lichtenstein",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000072dcc",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000498a802",
            "name": "Roy Lichtenstein",
            "abstract": "Roy Lichtenstein (October 27, 1923 \u2013 September 29, 1997)\nwas a prominent American pop artist. During the 1960s his\npaintings were exhibited at the Leo Castelli Gallery in New\nYork City and along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, James\nRosenquist and others he became a leading figure in the new\nart movement. His work defined the basic premise of pop art\nbetter than any other through parody.  Favoring the\nold-fashioned comic strip as subject matter, Lichtenstein\nproduced hard-edged, precise...",
            "birthyear": "1923",
            "name_short": "LICHTENSTEIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jasper_johns": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.520014331627,
            "d2": 0.440686775397
        },
        "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn": {
            "id": "\/en\/richard_diebenkorn",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000318d74",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079503cf",
            "name": "Richard Diebenkorn",
            "abstract": "Richard Diebenkorn (April 22, 1922 \u2013 March 30, 1993) was a\nwell-known 20th century American painter. His early work is\nassociated with Abstract expressionism and the Bay Area\nFigurative Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. His later work\n(best known as the Ocean Park paintings) were instrumental\nto his achievement of worldwide acclaim.\nRichard Clifford Diebenkorn Jr. was born on April 22, 1922\nin Portland, Oregon. His family moved to San Francisco,\nCalifornia when he was two years old. From the...",
            "birthyear": "1922",
            "name_short": "DIEBENKORN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/lyrical_abstraction": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/arshile_gorky": 1,
                "\/en\/clyfford_still": 1,
                "\/en\/david_park": 1,
                "\/en\/edward_hopper": 1,
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 6,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.22495602267,
            "d2": 0.63222205247
        },
        "\/en\/karel_appel": {
            "id": "\/en\/karel_appel",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000019504a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000785f1d2",
            "name": "Karel Appel",
            "abstract": "Christiaan Karel Appel (25 April 1921 \u2013 3 May 2006) was a\nDutch painter, sculptor, and poet. He started painting at\nthe age of fourteen and studied at the Rijksakademie in\nAmsterdam in the 1940s. He was one of the founders of the\navant-garde movement Cobra in 1948.\nChristiaan Karel Appel was born on 25 April 1921 in his\nparents' house at Dapperstraat 7 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.\nOn the ground floor, his father, Jan Appel, had a barber\nshop. His mother, born Johanna Chevalier, was a...",
            "birthyear": "1921",
            "name_short": "APPEL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/01gd5x": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/henri_matisse": 1,
                "\/en\/jean_dubuffet": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.44232722257,
            "d2": 0.46558156783
        },
        "\/en\/elmer_bischoff": {
            "id": "\/en\/elmer_bischoff",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000039d94a",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "Elmer Bischoff",
            "abstract": "Elmer Nelson Bischoff (July 9, 1916 \u2013 March 2, 1991) was a\nvisual artist in the San Francisco Bay Area. Bischoff, along\nwith Richard Diebenkorn and David Park, was part of the\npost-World War II generation of artists who started as\nabstract painters and found their way back to figurative\nart.\nElmer Bischoff, second child of John Bischoff and his wife,\nElna (n\u00e9e Elna Nelson), grew up in Berkeley, California,\nthe second-generation Californian son of a father of German\ndescent and a mother of...",
            "birthyear": "1916",
            "name_short": "BISCHOFF",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/david_park": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/joan_mitchell": {
            "id": "\/en\/joan_mitchell",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000bcb92d",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "Joan Mitchell",
            "abstract": "Joan Mitchell (February 12, 1925 - October 30, 1992) was a\n\u2018Second Generation\u2019 Abstract Expressionist painter.\nAlong with Lee Krasner, Grace Hartigan, and Helen\nFrankenthaler she was one of her era's few female painters\nto gain critical and public acclaim. Her paintings and\neditioned prints can be seen in major museums and\ncollections across America and Europe.\nMitchell was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of\nJames Herbert and Marion Strobel Mitchell. She studied at\nSmith College,...",
            "birthyear": "1925",
            "name_short": "MITCHELL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/franz_kline": 1,
                "\/en\/paul_cezanne": 1,
                "\/en\/vincent_van_gogh": 1,
                "\/en\/wassily_kandinsky": 1,
                "\/en\/willem_de_kooning": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 5,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.286884310734,
            "d2": 0.489312694226
        },
        "\/en\/robert_colescott": {
            "id": "\/en\/robert_colescott",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004736066",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b5b870f",
            "name": "Robert Colescott",
            "abstract": "Robert H. Colescott, (August 26, 1925 \u2014 June 4, 2009) was\nan American painter. He is known for satirical genre and\ncrowd subjects, often conveying his exuberant, comical, or\nbitter reflections on being African-American. He studied\nwith Fernand L\u00e9ger in Paris. According to the Albright-Knox\nArt Gallery, Colescott was \"the first African-American\nartist to represent the United States in a solo exhibition\nat the Venice Biennale in 1997.\"  According to Askart.com\nand Artcyclopedia.com, his work...",
            "birthyear": "1925",
            "name_short": "COLESCOTT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/african_american": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/fernand_leger": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.370613144992,
            "d2": 0.386649226643
        },
        "\/en\/nam_june_paik": {
            "id": "\/en\/nam_june_paik",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000011965a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000077f3ec0",
            "name": "Nam June Paik",
            "abstract": "Nam June Paik (July 20, 1932 \u2013 January 29, 2006) was a\nKorean-born American artist. He worked with a variety of\nmedia and is considered to be the first video artist.\nPaik is credited with an early usage (1974) of the term\n\"super highway\" in application to telecommunications.\nBorn in Seoul during the colonial period of Korea, the\nyoungest of five siblings, Paik had 2 older brothers and 2\nolder sisters. His father owned a major textile\nmanufacturing firm. As he was growing up, he was trained...",
            "birthyear": "1932",
            "name_short": "PAIK",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/korean_people": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1,
                "\/en\/video_art": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/joseph_beuys": 1,
                "\/en\/wolf_vostell": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.409858547359,
            "d2": 0.517308022248
        },
        "\/en\/fra_angelico": {
            "id": "\/en\/fra_angelico",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000018542",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007728b01",
            "name": "Fra Angelico",
            "abstract": "Fra Angelico (c. 1395 \u2013 February 18, 1455), born Guido di\nPietro, was an Early Italian Renaissance painter described\nby Vasari in his Lives of the Artists as having \"a rare and\nperfect talent\". He was known to his contemporaries as Fra\nGiovanni da Fiesole (Brother John from Fiesole) and by\nVasari as Fra Giovanni Angelico (Brother John the Angelic\nOne).\nFra Angelico is known in Italy as il Beato Angelico, the\nterm \"Il Beato\" (\"Blessed One\") being already in use during\nhis lifetime or shortly...",
            "birthyear": "1395",
            "name_short": "ANGELICO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/fresco": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/giotto_di_bondone": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.224481621076,
            "d2": 0.380051262616
        },
        "\/en\/david_smith_1906": {
            "id": "\/en\/david_smith_1906",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000591700",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b10582",
            "name": "David Smith",
            "abstract": "David Roland Smith (March 9, 1906 - May 23, 1965) was an\nAmerican Abstract Expressionist sculptor best known for\ncreating large steel abstract geometric sculptures.\nDavid Roland Smith was born on March 9, 1906 in Decatur,\nIndiana and moved to Paulding, Ohio in 1921, where he\nattended high school. From 1924-25, he attended Ohio\nUniversity in Athens (one year) and the University of Notre\nDame, which he left after two weeks because there were no\nart courses. In between, Smith took a summer job...",
            "birthyear": "1906",
            "name_short": "SMITH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jan_matulka": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.5293498476,
            "d2": 0.590663569506
        },
        "\/en\/andy_warhol": {
            "id": "\/en\/andy_warhol",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000004566",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000048f4ad0",
            "name": "Andy Warhol",
            "abstract": "Andrew Warhola (August 6, 1928 \u2013 February 22, 1987), known\nas Andy Warhol, was an American painter, printmaker, and\nfilmmaker who was a leading figure in the visual art\nmovement known as pop art. After a successful career as a\ncommercial illustrator, Warhol became famous worldwide for\nhis work as a painter, avant-garde filmmaker, record\nproducer, author, and member of highly diverse social\ncircles that included bohemian street people, distinguished\nintellectuals, Hollywood celebrities and...",
            "birthyear": "1928",
            "name_short": "WARHOL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pop_art": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/rusyns": 1,
                "\/en\/rusyn_americans": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1,
                "\/m\/01659q": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/ben_shahn": 1,
                "\/en\/jasper_johns": 1,
                "\/en\/marcel_duchamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.435333459931,
            "d2": 0.433089088189
        },
        "\/en\/brion_gysin": {
            "id": "\/en\/brion_gysin",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000000abbd",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000078cc874",
            "name": "Brion Gysin",
            "abstract": "Brion Gysin (January 19, 1916 \u2013 July 13, 1986) was a\npainter, writer, sound poet, and performance artist born in\nTaplow, Buckinghamshire.\nHe is best known for his (re)discovery of the cut-up\ntechnique, used by his friend, the novelist William S.\nBurroughs. With the engineer Ian Sommerville he invented the\nDreamachine, a flicker device designed as an art object to\nbe viewed with the eyes closed. It was in painting and\ndrawing, however, that Gysin devoted his greatest efforts,\ncreating...",
            "birthyear": "1916",
            "name_short": "GYSIN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/tristan_tzara": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/william_merritt_chase": {
            "id": "\/en\/william_merritt_chase",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000004f1184",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000081db436",
            "name": "William Merritt Chase",
            "abstract": "William Merritt Chase (November 1, 1849 \u2013 October 25,\n1916) was an American painter known as an exponent of\nImpressionism and as a teacher. He is also responsible for\nestablishing the Chase School, which later would become\nParsons The New School for Design.\nHe was born in Williamsburg (now Nineveh), Indiana, to the\nfamily of a local merchant. Chase's father moved the family\nto Indianapolis in 1861 and employed his son as a salesman\nin the family business. Chase showed an early interest in...",
            "birthyear": "1849",
            "name_short": "CHASE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/tile_club": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.134476286889,
            "d2": 0.252568854399
        },
        "\/en\/j_m_w_turner": {
            "id": "\/en\/j_m_w_turner",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000083c5d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000795d21a",
            "name": "J. M. W. Turner",
            "abstract": "Joseph Mallord William Turner RA (23 April 1775\u201319\nDecember 1851) was an English Romantic landscape painter,\nwatercolourist and printmaker. Turner was considered a\ncontroversial figure in his day, but is now regarded as the\nartist who elevated landscape painting to an eminence\nrivalling history painting. Although renowned for his oil\npaintings, Turner is also one of the greatest masters of\nBritish watercolour landscape painting. He is commonly known\nas \"the painter of light\" and his work...",
            "birthyear": "1775",
            "name_short": "TURNER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/richard_wilson_1714": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/antoine-jean_gros": {
            "id": "\/en\/antoine-jean_gros",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000037be8b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000079a63c8",
            "name": "Antoine-Jean Gros",
            "abstract": "Baron Antoine-Jean Gros (16 March 1771 \u2013 25 June 1835),\nalso known as Jean-Antoine Gros, was both a French History\nand neoclassical painter.\nBorn in Paris, Gros began to learn to draw at the age of\nsix from his father, who was a miniature painter, and showed\nhimself as a gifted artist. Towards the close of 1785 Gros,\nby his own choice, entered the studio of Jacques-Louis\nDavid, which he frequented assiduously, continuing at the\nsame time to follow the classes of the Coll\u00e8ge Mazarin.\nThe...",
            "birthyear": "1771",
            "name_short": "GROS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/jacques-louis_david": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.222994375847,
            "d2": 0.383089774135
        },
        "\/en\/jean-baptiste_regnault": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-baptiste_regnault",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000036918d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c65d9d",
            "name": "Jean-Baptiste Regnault",
            "abstract": "Jean-Baptiste Regnault (9 October 1754 \u2013 12 November 1829)\nwas a French painter.\nRegnault was born in Paris, and began life at sea in a\nmerchant vessel. At the age of fifteen his talent attracted\nattention, and he was sent to Italy by M. de Monval under\nthe care of Bardin. After his return to Paris, Regnault, in\n1776, won the Grand Prix for his painting Alexandre and\nDiog\u00e8ne, and in 1783 he was elected Academician. His\ndiploma picture, the Education of Achilles by Chiron, is now\nin the...",
            "birthyear": "1754",
            "name_short": "REGNAULT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/joseph-marie_vien": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/jean-honore_fragonard": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-honore_fragonard",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000002d6432",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c15c1e",
            "name": "Jean-Honor\u00e9 Fragonard",
            "abstract": "Jean-Honor\u00e9 Fragonard (French pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0292\u00e3 ono\u0280e\nf\u0280a\u0261o\u02c8n\u0251\u0280]; 5 April 1732 \u2013 22 August 1806) was a\nFrench painter and printmaker whose late Rococo manner was\ndistinguished by remarkable facility, exuberance, and\nhedonism. One of the most prolific artists active in the\nlast decades of the Ancien R\u00e9gime, Fragonard produced more\nthan 550 paintings (not counting drawings and etchings), of\nwhich only five are dated. Among his most popular works are\ngenre paintings conveying an atmosphere of...",
            "birthyear": "1732",
            "name_short": "FRAGONARD",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/rococo": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/francois_boucher": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-baptiste-simeon_chardin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.33709377065,
            "d2": 0.278457434341
        },
        "\/en\/asher_brown_durand": {
            "id": "\/en\/asher_brown_durand",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000033da5e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c4ccfa",
            "name": "Asher Brown Durand",
            "abstract": "Asher Brown Durand (August 21, 1796 \u2013 September 17, 1886)\nwas an American painter of the Hudson River School.\nDurand was born in and eventually died in Maplewood, New\nJersey (then called Jefferson Village), the eighth of eleven\nchildren; his father was a watchmaker and a silversmith. He\nlived in what is now known as the Durand-Hedden House and\nGarden, which is now designated as a historic landmark.\nDurand was apprenticed to an engraver from 1812 to 1817,\nlater entering into a partnership the...",
            "birthyear": "1796",
            "name_short": "DURAND",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/thomas_cole": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.21670705007,
            "d2": 0.422532642115
        },
        "\/en\/samuel_palmer": {
            "id": "\/en\/samuel_palmer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000026c96d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bda953",
            "name": "Samuel Palmer",
            "abstract": "Samuel Palmer (27 January 1805 \u2013 24 May 1881) was an\nEnglish landscape painter, etcher and printmaker. He was\nalso a prolific writer. Palmer was a key figure in English\nRomanticism and produced visionary pastoral paintings.\nPalmer, who was born in Newington, London in Surrey Square\noff the Old Kent Road , was the son of a bookseller and\nsometime Baptist minister, and was raised by a pious nurse.\nPalmer painted churches from around age twelve, and first\nexhibited Turner-inspired works at the...",
            "birthyear": "1805",
            "name_short": "PALMER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/romanticism": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/william_blake": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.374249759885,
            "d2": 0.246622979653
        },
        "\/en\/frederic_edwin_church": {
            "id": "\/en\/frederic_edwin_church",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001ac591",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b5ff9c",
            "name": "Frederic Edwin Church",
            "abstract": "Frederic Edwin Church (May 4, 1826 \u2013 April 7, 1900) was an\nAmerican landscape painter born in Hartford, Connecticut. He\nwas a central figure in the Hudson River School of American\nlandscape painters. While committed to the natural sciences,\nhe was \"always concerned with including a spiritual\ndimension in his works.\"\nThe family wealth came from Church's father, Joseph Church,\na silversmith and watchmaker in Hartford, Connecticut\n(Joseph subsequently also became an official and a director\nof...",
            "birthyear": "1826",
            "name_short": "CHURCH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/luminism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/thomas_cole": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.138728940595,
            "d2": 0.439004370988
        },
        "\/en\/martin_johnson_heade": {
            "id": "\/en\/martin_johnson_heade",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000005baab4",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007811674",
            "name": "Martin Johnson Heade",
            "abstract": "Martin Johnson Heade (August 11, 1819-September 4, 1904) was\na prolific American painter known for his salt marsh\nlandscapes, seascapes, portraits of tropical birds, and\nstill lifes. His painting style and subject matter, while\nderived from the romanticism of the time, is regarded by art\nhistorians as a significant departure from that of his\npeers.\nArt historians have come to disagree with the common view\nthat Heade is a Hudson River School painter, a view given\nwide currency by Heade's...",
            "birthyear": "1819",
            "name_short": "HEADE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/hudson_river_school": 1,
                "\/en\/luminism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/benjamin_champney": 1,
                "\/en\/john_frederick_kensett": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.138728940595,
            "d2": 0.439004370988
        },
        "\/en\/jean-louis-ernest_meissonier": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-louis-ernest_meissonier",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000003d8bbe",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ca13d3",
            "name": "Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier",
            "abstract": "Jean-Louis Ernest Meissonier (21 February 1815 \u2013 31\nJanuary 1891) was a French Classicist painter and sculptor\nfamous for his depictions of Napoleon, his armies and\nmilitary themes. He documented sieges and manoeuvres and was\nthe teacher of \u00c9douard Detaille.\nErnest Meissonier was born at Lyon. From his schooldays he\nshowed a taste for painting, to which some early sketches,\ndated 1823, bear witness. After being placed with a\ndruggist, he obtained leave from his parents to become an\nartist,...",
            "birthyear": "1815",
            "name_short": "MEISSONIER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/leon_cogniet": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/joshua_reynolds": {
            "id": "\/en\/joshua_reynolds",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000020417",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a6e78e",
            "name": "Joshua Reynolds",
            "abstract": "Sir Joshua Reynolds RA FRS FRSA (16 July 1723 \u2013 23\nFebruary 1792) was an influential 18th-century English\npainter, specialising in portraits and promoting the \"Grand\nStyle\" in painting which depended on idealisation of the\nimperfect. He was one of the founders and first President of\nthe Royal Academy. King George III appreciated his merits\nand knighted him in 1769.\nReynolds was born in Plympton, Devon, on 16 July 1723. As\none of ten (maybe eleven) children and the son of the\nvillage...",
            "birthyear": "1723",
            "name_short": "REYNOLDS",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/bartholomeus_van_der_helst": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/canaletto": {
            "id": "\/en\/canaletto",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000016ab74",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b331a6",
            "name": "Canaletto",
            "abstract": "Giovanni Antonio Canal (28 October 1697 \u2013 19 April 1768)\nbetter known as Canaletto, was a Venetian painter famous for\nhis landscapes, or vedute, of Venice. He was also an\nimportant printmaker in etching.\nHe was born in Venice as the son of the painter Bernardo\nCanal, hence his mononym Canaletto (\"little Canal\"), and\nArtemisia Barbieri. His nephew and pupil Bernardo Bellotto\nwas also an accomplished landscape painter, with a similar\npainting style, and sometimes used the name \"Canaletto\"\nto...",
            "birthyear": "1697",
            "name_short": "CANALETTO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/republic_of_venice": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/giovanni_paolo_pannini": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/cornelius_drebbel": {
            "id": "\/en\/cornelius_drebbel",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000032e734",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000795dc04",
            "name": "Cornelius Drebbel",
            "abstract": "Cornelius Jacobszoon Drebbel (1572 \u2013 November 7, 1633) was\nthe Dutch inventor of the first navigable submarine in 1620.\nDrebbel was an innovator who contributed to the development\nof measurement and control systems, optics and chemistry.\nDrebbel was born at Alkmaar, Holland. After some years at\nthe Latin school in Alkmaar, around 1590, he attended the\nAcademy in Haarlem, also located in North-Holland. Teachers\nat the Academy were Hendrick Goltzius, engraver, painter and\nhumanist, Karel van...",
            "birthyear": "1572",
            "name_short": "DREBBEL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/inventor": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hendrik_goltzius": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.416093995259,
            "d2": 0.407253619787
        },
        "\/en\/carel_van_mander": {
            "id": "\/en\/carel_van_mander",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000037bb5d",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c711a7",
            "name": "Carel van Mander",
            "abstract": "Karel van Mander (May 1548 \u2013 September 2, 1606) was a\nFlemish-born Dutch painter and poet, who is mainly\nremembered as a biographer of Netherlandish artists in his\nSchilder-boeck. As an artist he played an important role in\nNorthern Mannerism in the Netherlands.\nHe was born of a noble family at Meulebeke in modern West\nFlanders. He studied under Lucas de Heere at Ghent, and in\n1568-1569 under Pieter Vlerick at Kortrijk. The next five\nyears he devoted to the writing of religious plays for...",
            "birthyear": "1548",
            "name_short": "MANDER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/mannerism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/giorgio_vasari": 1,
                "\/en\/marten_jacobszoon_heemskerk_van_veen": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.216318936611,
            "d2": 0.410236295132
        },
        "\/en\/alonso_sanchez_coello": {
            "id": "\/en\/alonso_sanchez_coello",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000007414e6",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004aa993f",
            "name": "Alonso S\u00e1nchez Coello",
            "abstract": "Alonso S\u00e1nchez Coello (1531\/32, Benifair\u00f3 de les Valls,\nnear Valencia \u2013 August 8, 1588, Madrid) was a portrait\npainter of the Spanish Renaissance and one of the pioneers\nof the great tradition of Spanish portrait painting.\nAlonso S\u00e1nchez Coello spent his childhood in Benifair\u00f3 de\nles Valls, until the death of his father when he was around\nten years old. He was educated in Portugal at his\ngrandfather's home. Coello's years in Portugal and his\nfamily name of Portuguese origin led to a...",
            "birthyear": "1531",
            "name_short": "COELLO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/spain": 1,
                "\/en\/spanish_renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/anthony_more": 1,
                "\/en\/titian": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.228016441927,
            "d2": 0.453864814784
        },
        "\/en\/simon_vouet": {
            "id": "\/en\/simon_vouet",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000003621bf",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004c627ee",
            "name": "Simon Vouet",
            "abstract": "Simon Vouet (9 January 1590 \u2013 30 June 1649) was a French\npainter and draftsman, who today is perhaps best remembered\nfor helping to introduce the Italian Baroque style of\npainting to France.\nHis father Laurent was a painter in Paris and taught him\nthe rudiments of art. Simon's brother Aubin Vouet\n(1595\u20131641) and his grandson Ludovico Dorigny\n(1654\u20131742) were also painters. Simon began his painting\ncareer as a portrait painter. At a young age he travelled to\nEngland and was part of the...",
            "birthyear": "1590",
            "name_short": "VOUET",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/annibale_carracci": 1,
                "\/en\/caravaggio": 1,
                "\/en\/guido_reni": 1,
                "\/en\/paolo_veronese": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 4,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/pietro_da_cortona": {
            "id": "\/en\/pietro_da_cortona",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000026ea2c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049dcda6",
            "name": "Pietro da Cortona",
            "abstract": "Pietro da Cortona, by the name of Pietro Berrettini, born\nPietro Berrettini da Cortona, (1 November 1596\u00a0\u2013 16 May\n1669) was an Italian artist and architect of High Baroque.\nHe is best known for painting fresco ceilings, a pursuit in\nwhich he had ample competition in the Rome of his day, but\nhe was equally adept and masterful with architectural\ndesign.\nBerrettini was born to a family of artisans including his\nuncle Filippo Berrettini, in Cortona, then a town in the\nGrand Duchy of Tuscany. He...",
            "birthyear": "1596",
            "name_short": "CORTONA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/architect": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/titian": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.220137001027,
            "d2": 0.390224962511
        },
        "\/en\/jean-antoine_watteau": {
            "id": "\/en\/jean-antoine_watteau",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000189e28",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004aa4eeb",
            "name": "Jean-Antoine Watteau",
            "abstract": "Jean-Antoine Watteau (French pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0251\u0303twan\nvato]; October 10, 1684 \u2013 July 18, 1721) was a French\npainter whose brief career spurred the revival of interest\nin colour and movement (in the tradition of Correggio and\nRubens), and revitalized the waning Baroque idiom, which\neventually became known as Rococo. He is credited with\ninventing the genre of f\u00eates galantes: scenes of bucolic\nand idyllic charm, suffused with an air of theatricality.\nSome of his best known subjects were drawn...",
            "birthyear": "1684",
            "name_short": "WATTEAU",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/rococo": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/peter_paul_rubens": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.33709377065,
            "d2": 0.278457434341
        },
        "\/en\/johannes_vermeer": {
            "id": "\/en\/johannes_vermeer",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000056c5c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007700b3a",
            "name": "Johannes Vermeer",
            "abstract": "Johannes, Jan or Johan Vermeer (Dutch\npronunciation:\u00a0[v\u0259r\u02c8m\u026a\u0259r]; baptized in Delft on 31\nOctober 1632 as Joannis, and buried in the same city under\nthe name Jan on 15 December 1675) was a Dutch painter who\nspecialized in exquisite, domestic interior scenes of middle\nclass life. Vermeer was a moderately successful provincial\ngenre painter in his lifetime. He seems never to have been\nparticularly wealthy, leaving his wife and children in debt\nat his death, perhaps because he produced...",
            "birthyear": "1632",
            "name_short": "VERMEER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/carel_fabritius": 1,
                "\/en\/dirck_van_baburen": 1,
                "\/en\/leonaert_bramer": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.144016366511,
            "d2": 0.368814565734
        },
        "\/en\/gerard_dou": {
            "id": "\/en\/gerard_dou",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000034532c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007969ee6",
            "name": "Gerard Dou",
            "abstract": "Gerrit Dou (April 7, 1613 \u2013 February 9, 1675), also known\nas Gerard and Douw or Dow, was a Dutch Golden Age painter,\nwhose small, highly-polished paintings are typical of the\nLeiden fijnschilders. He specialised in genre scenes and is\nnoted for his trompe l'oeil \"niche\" paintings and candlelit\nnight-scenes with strong chiaroscuro.\nHis first instructor in drawing and design was Bartholomew\nDolendo, an engraver; and he afterwards learned the art of\nglass-painting under Peter Kouwhoorn. At the...",
            "birthyear": "1613",
            "name_short": "DOU",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/baroque": 1,
                "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/hendrick_ter_brugghen": 1,
                "\/en\/rembrandt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.144016366511,
            "d2": 0.368814565734
        },
        "\/en\/sandro_botticelli": {
            "id": "\/en\/sandro_botticelli",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000085c6e",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007962c8d",
            "name": "Sandro Botticelli",
            "abstract": "Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, better known as\nSandro Botticelli or Il Botticello \"The Little Barrel\"; (c.\n1445 \u2013 May 17, 1510) was an Italian painter of the\nFlorentine school during the Early Renaissance\n(Quattrocento). Less than a hundred years later, this\nmovement, under the patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici, was\ncharacterized by Giorgio Vasari as a \"golden age\", a\nthought, suitably enough, he expressed at the head of his\nVita of Botticelli. His posthumous reputation suffered...",
            "birthyear": "1445",
            "name_short": "BOTTICELLI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/catholicism": 1,
                "\/en\/florentine_school": 1,
                "\/en\/high_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italian_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/renaissance": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/filippo_lippi": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.213422423886,
            "d2": 0.200321573254
        },
        "\/en\/lewis_carroll": {
            "id": "\/en\/lewis_carroll",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000007013b9c",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a5ccaa",
            "name": "Lewis Carroll",
            "abstract": "Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (pronounced \/\u02c8d\u0252ds\u0259n\/, DOD-s\u0259n;\n27 January 1832 \u2013 14 January 1898), better known by the\npseudonym Lewis Carroll (\/\u02c8k\u00e6r\u0259l\/, KA-r\u0259l), was an\nEnglish author, mathematician, logician, Anglican deacon and\nphotographer. His most famous writings are Alice's\nAdventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the\nLooking-Glass, as well as the poems \"The Hunting of the\nSnark\" and \"Jabberwocky\", all examples of the genre of\nliterary nonsense. He is noted for his facility at word...",
            "birthyear": "1832",
            "name_short": "CARROLL",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/anglicanism": 1,
                "\/en\/author": 1,
                "\/en\/cleric": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/irish_community_in_britain": 1,
                "\/en\/librarian": 1,
                "\/en\/logician": 1,
                "\/en\/mathematician": 1,
                "\/en\/novelist": 1,
                "\/en\/photographer": 1,
                "\/en\/photography": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1,
                "\/en\/writer": 1,
                "\/m\/02s9r_h": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/dante_gabriel_rossetti": 1,
                "\/en\/john_everett_millais": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.411613491004,
            "d2": 0.515896523347
        },
        "\/en\/nicolae_tonitza": {
            "id": "\/en\/nicolae_tonitza",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000054f1f9",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d6650f",
            "name": "Nicolae Tonitza",
            "abstract": "Nicolae Tonitza (Romanian pronunciation:\u00a0[niko\u02c8la.e\nto\u02c8nit\u0361sa]; April 13, 1886 \u2013 February 27, 1940) was a\nRomanian painter, engraver, lithographer, journalist and art\ncritic. Drawing inspiration from Post-impressionism and\nExpressionism, he had a major role in introducing modernist\nguidelines to local art.\nBorn in B\u00e2rlad, he left his home town in 1902 in order to\nattend the Ia\u015fi National School of Fine Arts, where he had\namong his teachers Gheorghe Popovici and Emanoil Bardasare.\nThe...",
            "birthyear": "1886",
            "name_short": "TONITZA",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/romania": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/honore_daumier": 1,
                "\/en\/kathe_kollwitz": 1,
                "\/en\/stefan_luchian": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.291789582532,
            "d2": 0.263322507686
        },
        "\/en\/piet_mondrian": {
            "id": "\/en\/piet_mondrian",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000bbd145",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d06d11",
            "name": "Piet Mondrian",
            "abstract": "Pieter Cornelis \"Piet\" Mondriaan, after 1912 Mondrian (Dutch\npronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8pi\u02d0t \u02c8m\u0254ndria\u02d0n], later\n[\u02c8m\u0254ndri\u0254n]; March 7, 1872 \u2013 February 1, 1944), was a\nDutch painter.\nHe was an important contributor to the De Stijl art\nmovement and group, which was founded by Theo van Doesburg.\nHe evolved a non-representational form which he termed\nNeo-Plasticism. This consisted of white ground, upon which\nwas painted a grid of vertical and horizontal black lines\nand the three primary colors.\nBetween his...",
            "birthyear": "1872",
            "name_short": "MONDRIAN",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/de_stijl": 1,
                "\/en\/netherlands": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/georges_braque": 1,
                "\/en\/pablo_picasso": 1,
                "\/en\/theo_van_doesburg": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.232227048093,
            "d2": 0.459807152886
        },
        "\/en\/william_mcgregor_paxton": {
            "id": "\/en\/william_mcgregor_paxton",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000003d88a5",
            "img_guid": "",
            "name": "William McGregor Paxton",
            "abstract": "William McGregor Paxton (June 22, 1869 \u2013 1941) was an\nAmerican Impressionist painter.\nBorn in Baltimore, the Paxton family came to Newton Corner\nin the mid-1870s, where William's father James established\nhimself as a caterer. At 18, William won a scholarship to\nattend the Cowles Art School, where he began his art studies\nwith Dennis Miller Bunker. Later he studied with Jean-L\u00e9on\nG\u00e9r\u00f4me in Paris and, on his return to Boston, with Joseph\nDeCamp at Cowles. There he met his future wife Elizabeth...",
            "birthyear": "1869",
            "name_short": "PAXTON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/dennis_miller_bunker": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-leon_gerome": 1,
                "\/en\/joseph_decamp": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.21756198457,
            "d2": 0.400150241663
        },
        "\/en\/georgia_okeeffe": {
            "id": "\/en\/georgia_okeeffe",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000001ca007",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b724e7",
            "name": "Georgia O'Keeffe",
            "abstract": "Georgia Totto O'Keeffe (November 15, 1887 \u2013 March 6, 1986)\nwas an American artist. Born near Sun Prairie, Wisconsin,\nO'Keeffe was a major figure in American art from the 1920s.\nShe received widespread recognition for her technical\ncontributions, as well as for challenging the boundaries of\nmodern American artistic style. She is chiefly known for\npaintings of flowers, rocks, shells, animal bones, and\nlandscapes in which she synthesized abstraction and\nrepresentation. Her paintings present...",
            "birthyear": "1887",
            "name_short": "O'KEEFFE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/paul_gauguin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.272208614738,
            "d2": 0.486459064554
        },
        "\/en\/giorgio_de_chirico": {
            "id": "\/en\/giorgio_de_chirico",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000018864b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b48f62",
            "name": "Giorgio de Chirico",
            "abstract": "Giorgio de Chirico (Italian pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8d\u0292\u0254rd\u0292o\nde\u02c8ki\u02d0riko]; July 10, 1888 \u2013 November 20, 1978) was a\npre-Surrealist and then Surrealist Greek-Italian painter\nborn in Volos, Greece, to a Genovese mother and a Sicilian\nfather. He founded the scuola metafisica art movement. His\nsurname is traditionally written De Chirico (capitalized De)\nwhen it stands alone.\nAfter studying art in Athens and Florence, De Chirico moved\nto Germany in 1906 and entered the Academy of Fine Arts in\nMunich,...",
            "birthyear": "1888",
            "name_short": "CHIRICO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/italian_modern_and_contemporary_art": 1,
                "\/en\/italy": 1,
                "\/en\/metaphysical_art": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/arnold_bocklin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.431159287382,
            "d2": 0.232865406245
        },
        "\/en\/alberto_giacometti": {
            "id": "\/en\/alberto_giacometti",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000079ea",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004906aad",
            "name": "Alberto Giacometti",
            "abstract": "Alberto Giacometti (10 October 1901 \u2013 11 January 1966) was\na Swiss sculptor, painter, draughtsman, and printmaker.\nAlberto Giacometti was born in Graub\u00fcnden's southerly\nalpine valley Val Bregaglia and came from an artistic\nbackground; his father, Giovanni, was a well-known\nPost-Impressionist painter. Alberto was the eldest of four\nchildren and was interested in art from the beginning of his\nlife.\nGiacometti was born in Borgonovo, now part of the Swiss\nmunicipality of Stampa, near the Italian...",
            "birthyear": "1901",
            "name_short": "GIACOMETTI",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/cubism": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/surrealism": 1,
                "\/en\/switzerland": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/auguste_rodin": 1,
                "\/en\/joan_miro": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.626040487661,
            "d2": 0.230555304188
        },
        "\/en\/henry_moore": {
            "id": "\/en\/henry_moore",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000cb40ad",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000950ecc4",
            "name": "Henry Moore",
            "abstract": "Henry Spencer Moore OM CH FBA (30 July 1898 \u2013 31 August\n1986) was an English sculptor and artist. He was best known\nfor his abstract monumental bronze sculptures which are\nlocated around the world as public works of art.\nHis forms are usually abstractions of the human figure,\ntypically depicting mother-and-child or reclining figures.\nMoore's works are usually suggestive of the female body,\napart from a phase in the 1950s when he sculpted family\ngroups. His forms are generally pierced or...",
            "birthyear": "1898",
            "name_short": "MOORE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/modernism": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1,
                "\/m\/0b7b55p": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/michelangelo": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.577580220917,
            "d2": 0.438152272447
        },
        "\/en\/egon_schiele": {
            "id": "\/en\/egon_schiele",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000634c5",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000049038b8",
            "name": "Egon Schiele",
            "abstract": "Egon Schiele (German pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8\u0283i\u02d0l\u0259],\napproximately SHEE-leh; June 12, 1890 \u00a0\u2013 October 31,\n1918) was an Austrian painter. A prot\u00e9g\u00e9 of Gustav Klimt,\nSchiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th\ncentury.\nSchiele's work is noted for its intensity, and the many\nself-portraits the artist produced. The twisted body shapes\nand the expressive line that characterize Schiele's\npaintings and drawings mark the artist as an early exponent\nof Expressionism, although still strongly...",
            "birthyear": "1890",
            "name_short": "SCHIELE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/austria": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/vienna_secession": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/gustav_klimt": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.372044580985,
            "d2": 0.204050005836
        },
        "\/en\/james_wilson_morrice": {
            "id": "\/en\/james_wilson_morrice",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000037039a",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000b1f07a6",
            "name": "James Wilson Morrice",
            "abstract": "James Wilson Morrice (August 10, 1865 Montreal \u2013 January\n23, 1924 Tunis) was a significant Canadian landscape\npainter. He studied at the Acad\u00e9mie Julian in Paris,\nFrance, where he lived for most of his career.\nMorrice was the son of a wealthy merchant, and studied law\nin Toronto from 1882 to 1889. In 1890 he left to study\npainting in England. The next year he arrived in Paris,\nwhere he studied at the Acad\u00e9mie Julian from 1892-7. At\nJulians he befriended Charles Conder and Maurice...",
            "birthyear": "1865",
            "name_short": "MORRICE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/canada": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.267741290525,
            "d2": 0.342016073577
        },
        "\/en\/henri_de_toulouse-lautrec": {
            "id": "\/en\/henri_de_toulouse-lautrec",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000079f59",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ab6908",
            "name": "Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec",
            "abstract": "Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa or simply\nHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec (French pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0251\u0303\u0281i\nd\u0259 tuluz lo\u02c8t\u0281\u025bk]) (24 November 1864\u00a0\u2013 9 September\n1901) was a French painter, printmaker, draughtsman, and\nillustrator, whose immersion in the colourful and theatrical\nlife of fin de si\u00e8cle Paris yielded an \u0153uvre of exciting,\nelegant and provocative images of the modern and sometimes\ndecadent life of those times. Toulouse-Lautrec is known\nalong with C\u00e9zanne, Van Gogh, and Gauguin...",
            "birthyear": "1864",
            "name_short": "TOULOUSE-LAUTREC",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/art_nouveau": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/french_people": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/post-impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.447208146919,
            "d2": 0.160669151361
        },
        "\/en\/john_william_waterhouse": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_william_waterhouse",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000018b487",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b4b1b5",
            "name": "John William Waterhouse",
            "abstract": "John William Waterhouse (baptised, 6 April 1849 \u2014 died, 10\nFebruary 1917) was an English painter known for working in\nthe Pre-Raphaelite style. He worked several decades after\nthe breakup of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, which had\nseen its heydey in the mid-nineteenth century, leading him\nto have gained the moniker of \"the modern Pre-Raphaelite\".\nBorrowing stylistic influences not only from the earlier\nPre-Raphaelites but also from his contemporaries, the\nImpressionists, his artworks were...",
            "birthyear": "1849",
            "name_short": "WATERHOUSE",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painter": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": 1,
                "\/en\/united_kingdom": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/frederic_leighton_1st_baron_leighton": 1,
                "\/en\/lawrence_alma-tadema": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.223883250009,
            "d2": 0.381314114289
        },
        "\/en\/pierre-auguste_renoir": {
            "id": "\/en\/pierre-auguste_renoir",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000310c6",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a7cce2",
            "name": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir",
            "abstract": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French pronunciation:\u00a0[\u0281\u0259nwa\u0281];\n25 February 1841\u00a0\u2013 3 December 1919) was a French artist\nwho was a leading painter in the development of the\nImpressionist style. As a celebrator of beauty, and\nespecially feminine sensuality, it has been said that\n\"Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which\nruns directly from Rubens to Watteau.\"\nPierre-Auguste Renoir was born in Limoges, Haute-Vienne,\nFrance, the child of a working class family. As a boy, he\nworked in a...",
            "birthyear": "1841",
            "name_short": "RENOIR",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/france": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/eugene_delacroix": 1,
                "\/en\/raphael": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.273356380756,
            "d2": 0.340143236885
        },
        "\/en\/edward_burne-jones": {
            "id": "\/en\/edward_burne-jones",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000014324b",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b14f78",
            "name": "Edward Burne-Jones",
            "abstract": "Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones, 1st Baronet (28 August 1833\n\u2013 17 June 1898) was a British artist and designer closely\nassociated with the later phase of the Pre-Raphaelite\nmovement, who worked closely with William Morris on a wide\nrange of decorative arts as a founding partner in Morris,\nMarshall, Faulkner, and Company. Burne-Jones was closely\ninvolved in the rejuvenation of the tradition of stained\nglass art in England; his stained glass works include the\nwindows of St. Philip's Cathedral,...",
            "birthyear": "1833",
            "name_short": "BURNE-JONES",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/aestheticism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/arts_and_crafts_movement": 1,
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/dante_gabriel_rossetti": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 1.11022302463e-16,
            "d2": 0.307028115916
        },
        "\/en\/john_singer_sargent": {
            "id": "\/en\/john_singer_sargent",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000b3384",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004ad7002",
            "name": "John Singer Sargent",
            "abstract": "John Singer Sargent (January 12, 1856 \u2013 April 14, 1925)\nwas an American painter, and a leading portrait painter of\nhis era. During his career, he created roughly 900 oil\npaintings and more than 2,000 watercolors, as well as\ncountless sketches and charcoal drawings. His oeuvre\ndocuments worldwide travel, from Venice to the Tyrol, Corfu,\nthe Middle East, Montana, Maine, and Florida.\nBefore Sargent's birth, his father FitzWilliam (b. 1820\nGloucester, Massachusetts) was an eye surgeon at the...",
            "birthyear": "1856",
            "name_short": "SARGENT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/american_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/diego_velazquez": 1,
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1,
                "\/en\/leon_bonnat": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.246646263984,
            "d2": 0.473729207101
        },
        "\/en\/henry_ossawa_tanner": {
            "id": "\/en\/henry_ossawa_tanner",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000054c2f8",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004d648af",
            "name": "Henry Ossawa Tanner",
            "abstract": "Henry Ossawa Tanner (June 21, 1859 \u2013 May 25, 1937) was an\nAfrican American artist best known for his style of\npainting. He was the first African American painter to gain\ninternational acclaim.\nIn 1879 Tanner enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of the\nFine Arts in Philadelphia. His decision to attend the school\ncame at an exciting time in the history of artistic\ninstitutional training. Art academies had long relied on\ntired notions of study devoted almost entirely to plaster\ncast studies and...",
            "birthyear": "1859",
            "name_short": "TANNER",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/african_american": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/harlem_renaissance": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/realism": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/benjamin_jean_joseph_benjamin_constant": 1,
                "\/en\/jean-paul_laurens": 1,
                "\/en\/thomas_eakins": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 3,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.292348756471,
            "d2": 0.210126256157
        },
        "\/en\/edvard_munch": {
            "id": "\/en\/edvard_munch",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000015315",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004a63e77",
            "name": "Edvard Munch",
            "abstract": "Edvard Munch (Norwegian pronunciation:\u00a0[\u02c8mu\u014bk], 12\nDecember 1863 \u2013 23 January 1944) was a Norwegian Symbolist\npainter, printmaker and an important forerunner of\nexpressionist art. His best-known composition, The Scream,\nis part of a series The Frieze of Life, in which Munch\nexplored the themes of love, fear, death, melancholia, and\nanxiety.\nEdvard Munch was born in a rustic farmhouse in the village\nof \u00c5dalsbruk in L\u00f8ten, Norway to Christian Munch, the son\nof a priest. Christian was a doctor...",
            "birthyear": "1863",
            "name_short": "MUNCH",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/norwegian_people": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/printmaking": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/m\/0nk1p": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/arnold_bocklin": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.57451798756,
            "d2": 0.186871458547
        },
        "\/en\/frederic_remington": {
            "id": "\/en\/frederic_remington",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000233447",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004bb9fdd",
            "name": "Frederic Remington",
            "abstract": "Frederic Sackrider Remington (October 4, 1861 \u2013 December\n26, 1909) was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor,\nand writer who specialized in depictions of the Old American\nWest, specifically concentrating on the last quarter of the\n19th century American West and images of cowboys, American\nIndians, and the U.S. Cavalry.\nRemington was born in Canton, New York in 1861 to Seth\nPierre Remington (1830\u20131880) and Clara Bascomb Sackrider,\nwhose paternal family owned hardware stores and emigrated...",
            "birthyear": "1861",
            "name_short": "REMINGTON",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/drawing": 1,
                "\/en\/impressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/sculpture": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/winslow_homer": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.441493878658,
            "d2": 0.287839494841
        },
        "\/en\/walter_sickert": {
            "id": "\/en\/walter_sickert",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000000129890",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f8000000004b02f02",
            "name": "Walter Sickert",
            "abstract": "Walter Richard Sickert (31 May 1860\u00a0\u2013 22 January 1942)\nwas a German-born English Impressionist painter and a member\nof the Camden Town Group. Sickert was a cosmopolitan and\neccentric who often favoured ordinary people and urban\nscenes as his subjects, but whose oeuvre also included\nportraits of well known personalities and friends, as well\nas images derived from press photographs. He is considered a\nprominent figure in the transition from Impressionism to\nmodernism, and an important...",
            "birthyear": "1860",
            "name_short": "SICKERT",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/england": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/edgar_degas": 1,
                "\/en\/james_mcneill_whistler": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 2,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.295738341845,
            "d2": 0.413254217965
        },
        "\/en\/mark_rothko": {
            "id": "\/en\/mark_rothko",
            "guid": "9202a8c04000641f80000000000eb099",
            "img_guid": "9202a8c04000641f800000000499b381",
            "name": "Mark Rothko",
            "abstract": "Mark Rothko, born Marcus Rothkowitz (September 25, 1903 \u2013\nFebruary 25, 1970), was a Latvian-born American painter. He\nis classified as an abstract expressionist, although he\nhimself rejected this label, and even resisted\nclassification as an \"abstract painter\".\nMark Rothko (Marcus Rothkowitz, Mark Rotkovich) was born in\nDvinsk, Vitebsk Province, Russian Empire (now Daugavpils,\nLatvia). His father, Jacob Rothkowitz, was a pharmacist and\nan intellectual, who provided his children with a...",
            "birthyear": "1903",
            "name_short": "ROTHKO",
            "ints": {
                "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": 1,
                "\/en\/artist": 1,
                "\/en\/color_field": 1,
                "\/en\/painting": 1,
                "\/en\/united_states": 1
            },
            "to": [],
            "fr": {
                "\/en\/milton_avery": 1
            },
            "fr_count": 1,
            "to_count": 0,
            "d1": 0.258678554095,
            "d2": 0.56173523422
        }
    },
    "in": {
        "\/en\/artist": "Artist",
        "\/en\/catholicism": "Roman Catholicism",
        "\/en\/italy": "Italy",
        "\/en\/italian_renaissance": "Italian Renaissance",
        "\/en\/painting": "Painting",
        "\/en\/architect": "Architect",
        "\/en\/renaissance": "Renaissance",
        "\/en\/gothic_art": "Gothic art",
        "\/en\/fresco": "Fresco",
        "\/en\/international_gothic": "International Gothic",
        "\/en\/sculpture": "Sculpture",
        "\/en\/dutch_and_flemish_renaissance_painting": "Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting",
        "\/en\/italian_people": "Italian people",
        "\/en\/drawing": "Drawing",
        "\/m\/080c2h7": "Venetian school",
        "\/en\/high_renaissance": "High Renaissance",
        "\/en\/florentine_school": "Florentine School",
        "\/en\/visual_artist": "Visual Artist",
        "\/en\/goldsmith": "Goldsmith",
        "\/en\/painter": "Painter",
        "\/en\/netherlands": "Netherlands",
        "\/en\/civil_engineer": "Civil engineer",
        "\/en\/engineer": "Engineer",
        "\/en\/anatomist": "Anatomist",
        "\/en\/military_engineer": "Military Engineer",
        "\/en\/musician": "Musician",
        "\/en\/botanist": "Botanist",
        "\/en\/writer": "Writer",
        "\/en\/inventor": "Inventor",
        "\/m\/0b7b55p": "Sculptor",
        "\/en\/bavarians": "Bavarians",
        "\/en\/germans": "Germans",
        "\/en\/germany": "Germany",
        "\/en\/printmaking": "Printmaking",
        "\/en\/mannerism": "Mannerism",
        "\/en\/author": "Author",
        "\/en\/spain": "Spain",
        "\/en\/spanish_renaissance": "Spanish Renaissance",
        "\/en\/greeks": "Greeks",
        "\/en\/baroque": "Baroque",
        "\/en\/antwerp_school": "Antwerp school",
        "\/en\/utrecht_school": "Utrecht School",
        "\/en\/dutch_golden_age": "Dutch Golden Age",
        "\/en\/france": "France",
        "\/en\/jew": "Jewish",
        "\/en\/dutch_people": "Dutch people",
        "\/en\/realism": "Realism",
        "\/en\/england": "England",
        "\/en\/united_kingdom": "United Kingdom",
        "\/en\/dutch_republic": "Dutch Republic",
        "\/en\/rococo": "Rococo",
        "\/en\/printmaker": "Printmaker",
        "\/en\/republic_of_venice": "Republic of Venice",
        "\/en\/social_critic": "Social Critic",
        "\/en\/cartoonist": "Cartoonist",
        "\/en\/deism": "Deism",
        "\/en\/wales": "Wales",
        "\/en\/romanticism": "Romanticism",
        "\/en\/united_states": "United States of America",
        "\/en\/neoclassicism": "Neoclassicism",
        "\/en\/classicism": "Classicism",
        "\/en\/poet": "Poet",
        "\/en\/moravians": "Moravians",
        "\/en\/english_people": "English",
        "\/en\/japan": "Japan",
        "\/en\/academic_art": "Academic art",
        "\/en\/hudson_river_school": "Hudson River School",
        "\/en\/luminism": "Luminism",
        "\/en\/chemist": "Chemist",
        "\/en\/photographer": "Photographer",
        "\/en\/physicist": "Physicist",
        "\/en\/photography": "Photography",
        "\/en\/barbizon_school": "Barbizon school",
        "\/m\/0nk1p": "Symbolism",
        "\/en\/romania": "Romania",
        "\/en\/switzerland": "Switzerland",
        "\/en\/pre-raphaelite_brotherhood": "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood",
        "\/en\/poland": "Poland",
        "\/en\/impressionism": "Impressionism",
        "\/en\/vienna_secession": "Vienna Secession",
        "\/en\/illustrator": "Illustrator",
        "\/en\/anglicanism": "Anglicanism",
        "\/en\/aestheticism": "Aestheticism",
        "\/en\/draftsman": "Draftsman",
        "\/en\/judaism": "Judaism",
        "\/en\/neo-impressionism": "Neo-impressionism",
        "\/en\/post-impressionism": "Post-Impressionism",
        "\/en\/mathematician": "Mathematician",
        "\/m\/02s9r_h": "Clergyman",
        "\/en\/librarian": "Librarian",
        "\/en\/logician": "Logician",
        "\/en\/novelist": "Novelist",
        "\/en\/cleric": "Cleric",
        "\/en\/irish_community_in_britain": "Irish people in Great Britain",
        "\/en\/arts_and_crafts_movement": "Arts and Crafts movement",
        "\/en\/physician": "Physician",
        "\/en\/pantheism": "Pantheism",
        "\/en\/grand_manner": "Grand manner",
        "\/en\/tile_club": "Tile Club",
        "\/en\/hague_school": "Hague School",
        "\/en\/cubism": "Cubism",
        "\/en\/naive_art": "Na\u00efve art",
        "\/en\/american_realism": "American realism",
        "\/en\/american_renaissance": "American Renaissance",
        "\/en\/sailor": "Sailor",
        "\/m\/06wdmm": "Naturalism",
        "\/en\/american_impressionism": "American Impressionism",
        "\/en\/expressionism": "Expressionism",
        "\/en\/mural": "Mural",
        "\/en\/cleveland_school": "Cleveland School",
        "\/en\/belgium": "Belgium",
        "\/en\/african_american": "African American",
        "\/en\/harlem_renaissance": "Harlem Renaissance",
        "\/en\/modern_art": "Modern art",
        "\/en\/czech_people": "Czech people",
        "\/en\/czechoslovakia": "Czechoslovakia",
        "\/en\/czech_republic": "Czech Republic",
        "\/en\/art_nouveau": "Art Nouveau",
        "\/en\/playwright": "Playwright",
        "\/en\/hinduism": "Hinduism",
        "\/en\/bengali_people": "Bengali people",
        "\/en\/india": "India",
        "\/en\/austria": "Austria",
        "\/en\/austrian_empire": "Austrian Empire",
        "\/en\/norwegian_people": "Norwegian people",
        "\/en\/american_modernism": "American modernism",
        "\/en\/french_people": "French people",
        "\/en\/ashcan_school": "Ashcan School",
        "\/en\/canada": "Canada",
        "\/en\/russia": "Russia",
        "\/en\/abstract_art": "Abstract art",
        "\/en\/der_blaue_reiter": "Der Blaue Reiter",
        "\/en\/german_expressionism": "German Expressionism",
        "\/en\/les_nabis": "Les Nabis",
        "\/en\/islam": "Islam",
        "\/en\/fauvism": "Fauvism",
        "\/en\/modernism": "Modernism",
        "\/en\/collage": "Collage",
        "\/en\/de_stijl": "De Stijl",
        "\/en\/group_of_seven": "Group of Seven",
        "\/en\/belarusians": "Belarusians",
        "\/en\/russian_empire": "Russian Empire",
        "\/en\/soviet_union": "Soviet Union",
        "\/en\/ukraine": "Ukraine",
        "\/en\/suprematism": "Suprematism",
        "\/en\/surrealism": "Surrealism",
        "\/en\/professor": "Professor",
        "\/en\/bauhaus": "Bauhaus",
        "\/en\/abstract_expressionism": "Abstract expressionism",
        "\/en\/atheism": "Atheism",
        "\/en\/synthetic_cubism": "Synthetic cubism",
        "\/en\/analytic_cubism": "Analytic cubism",
        "\/en\/italian_modern_and_contemporary_art": "Italian modern and contemporary art",
        "\/en\/ceramics": "Ceramics",
        "\/m\/03q7qln": "Etching",
        "\/en\/dada": "Dada",
        "\/en\/sephardic_judaism": "Sephardic Judaism",
        "\/m\/09k5jvk": "Mexicans",
        "\/en\/mexico": "Mexico",
        "\/en\/social_realism": "Social realism",
        "\/en\/graphic_designer": "Graphic Designer",
        "\/en\/performance": "Performance",
        "\/en\/installation_art": "Installation art",
        "\/en\/conceptual_art": "Conceptual art",
        "\/en\/geometric_abstract_art": "Geometric abstract art",
        "\/en\/metaphysical_art": "Metaphysical art",
        "\/en\/regionalism": "Regionalism",
        "\/en\/cubo-futurism": "Cubo-Futurism",
        "\/en\/outsider_art": "Outsider Art",
        "\/en\/hungary": "Hungary",
        "\/en\/lyrical_abstraction": "Lyrical Abstraction",
        "\/en\/color_field": "Color Field",
        "\/en\/armenia": "Armenia",
        "\/en\/japanese_american": "Japanese American",
        "\/en\/hard-edge_painting": "Hard-edge painting",
        "\/m\/0fq6zlv": "Australians in the United Kingdom",
        "\/en\/tattoo_artist": "Tattoo Artist",
        "\/en\/tattoo": "Tattoo",
        "\/en\/contemporary_art": "Contemporary art",
        "\/en\/syria": "Syria",
        "\/en\/surgeon": "Surgeon",
        "\/en\/romanian_jews": "Romanian Jews",
        "\/en\/episcopal_church": "Episcopal Church",
        "\/en\/australia": "Australia",
        "\/m\/01gd5x": "COBRA",
        "\/user\/jamie\/wordnet\/word\/pacifist": "Pacifist",
        "\/en\/fluxus": "Fluxus",
        "\/m\/03ysslk": "Glass",
        "\/en\/pop_art": "Pop art",
        "\/en\/postmodernism": "Postmodernism",
        "\/en\/neo-dada": "Neo-Dada",
        "\/en\/italian_american": "Italian American",
        "\/en\/minimalism": "Minimalism",
        "\/en\/rusyn_americans": "Rusyn Americans",
        "\/en\/rusyns": "Rusyns",
        "\/m\/01659q": "White",
        "\/en\/post-painterly_abstraction": "Post-painterly Abstraction",
        "\/en\/sweden": "Sweden",
        "\/en\/monochrome_painting": "Monochrome painting",
        "\/en\/korean_people": "Korean people",
        "\/en\/video_art": "Video art",
        "\/en\/postminimalism": "Postminimalism",
        "\/en\/actor": "Actor",
        "\/en\/concept_art": "Concept art",
        "\/en\/art_critic": "Art critic",
        "\/en\/singapore": "Singapore",
        "\/en\/norway": "Norway",
        "\/en\/film_director": "Film Director",
        "\/en\/cinematographer": "Cinematographer",
        "\/en\/film_producer": "Film Producer",
        "\/en\/editor": "Editor",
        "\/en\/screenwriter": "Screenwriter",
        "\/en\/land_art": "Land art",
        "\/en\/journalist": "Journalist",
        "\/en\/columnist": "Columnist",
        "\/en\/bookselling": "Bookselling",
        "\/en\/lyricist": "Lyricist",
        "\/en\/publishing": "Publishing",
        "\/en\/website_content_writer": "Website content writer",
        "\/en\/multiracial_american": "Multiracial American",
        "\/en\/native_americans_in_the_united_states": "Native Americans in the United States",
        "\/en\/digital_art": "Digital art",
        "\/en\/graffiti": "Graffiti",
        "\/en\/young_british_artists": "Young British Artists",
        "\/en\/street_art": "Street art",
        "\/en\/net_art": "Net Art"
    },
    "fr_max": 6,
    "to_max": 12,
    "yr_min": 0,
    "yr_max": "1974"
};