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| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +title: Software Management Plan (SMP) |
| 3 | +categories: [Research Software] |
| 4 | +--- |
| 5 | + |
| 6 | +## What is a Software Management Plan? |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +A Software Management Plan (SMP) is a document that outlines how research software will be developed, maintained, shared, and preserved throughout and after a research project. Similar to a Data Management Plan (DMP) for research data, an SMP provides a structured approach to managing research software as a valuable research output. It addresses key aspects of software development including documentation, version control, testing, licensing, sustainability, and long-term preservation. |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +A Software Management Plan helps researchers think systematically about software development practices and ensures that research software is developed using best practices that promote reproducibility, reusability, and collaboration. |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +## Examples |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +Software Management Plans typically address: |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +### Development and Documentation |
| 17 | +- **Development methodology**: Agile, waterfall, or other approaches |
| 18 | +- **Programming languages and frameworks**: Choice and justification of technologies |
| 19 | +- **Code documentation**: Inline comments, API documentation, user manuals |
| 20 | +- **README files**: Clear installation and usage instructions |
| 21 | +- **Architecture documentation**: System design and component relationships |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +### Version Control and Collaboration |
| 24 | +- **Version control system**: Git, SVN, or other systems |
| 25 | +- **Repository hosting**: GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, or institutional repositories |
| 26 | +- **Branching strategy**: How development branches are managed |
| 27 | +- **Collaboration workflows**: How team members contribute code |
| 28 | +- **Issue tracking**: Bug reports, feature requests, and project management |
| 29 | + |
| 30 | +### Quality Assurance |
| 31 | +- **Testing strategy**: Unit tests, integration tests, user acceptance testing |
| 32 | +- **Continuous integration**: Automated testing and deployment pipelines |
| 33 | +- **Code review processes**: Peer review requirements and standards |
| 34 | +- **Quality metrics**: Code coverage, performance benchmarks |
| 35 | +- **Dependency management**: Handling of external libraries and dependencies |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +### Licensing and Legal |
| 38 | +- **Software licensing**: Open source (MIT, GPL, Apache) or proprietary licenses |
| 39 | +- **Contributor agreements**: Legal frameworks for external contributions |
| 40 | +- **Intellectual property**: Ownership and usage rights |
| 41 | +- **Third-party components**: Licensing compliance for dependencies |
| 42 | +- **Export control**: Restrictions on software distribution |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | +### Sharing and Publication |
| 45 | +- **Release strategy**: When and how software versions are published |
| 46 | +- **Distribution channels**: Software repositories, package managers, websites |
| 47 | +- **Citation guidelines**: How others should cite the software |
| 48 | +- **User support**: Documentation, forums, help systems |
| 49 | +- **Community building**: Encouraging adoption and contributions |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +### Preservation and Sustainability |
| 52 | +- **Long-term maintenance**: Plans for ongoing support and updates |
| 53 | +- **Funding sustainability**: Resources for continued development |
| 54 | +- **Code preservation**: Archival in long-term repositories like Zenodo |
| 55 | +- **Legacy planning**: Migration paths and end-of-life procedures |
| 56 | +- **Knowledge transfer**: Documentation for future maintainers |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +## Tools/services/resources related to concept provided by VU |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +VU Amsterdam provides several tools and services to support software management planning: |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | +### Development and Version Control |
| 63 | +- **GitHub**: VU researchers can use GitHub for code hosting and collaboration |
| 64 | +- **Pure**: Required registration of research software per [VU policy](software-registration.qmd) |
| 65 | +- **ADA HPC Cluster**: Development and testing environment for computational software |
| 66 | +- **VU Compute Hub**: Jupyter environments for prototyping and development |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +### Documentation and Training |
| 69 | +- **Research Data Management (RDM) Support**: Guidance on software management best practices via [rdm@vu.nl](mailto:rdm@vu.nl) |
| 70 | +- **Software Carpentry**: Training in version control, testing, and development practices |
| 71 | +- **FAIR Software recommendations**: Guidelines for making software Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable |
| 72 | + |
| 73 | +### Licensing and Legal Support |
| 74 | +- **Privacy Champions**: Faculty-level support for intellectual property and licensing questions |
| 75 | +- **Legal advice**: Institutional support for software licensing and contributor agreements |
| 76 | +- **Processing agreements**: For software that processes personal or sensitive data |
| 77 | + |
| 78 | +### Preservation and Archiving |
| 79 | +- **Zenodo integration**: For long-term preservation of software releases with DOIs |
| 80 | +- **Pure registration**: Institutional requirement for software output registration |
| 81 | +- **GitHub archiving**: Connection to preservation services for published code |
| 82 | + |
| 83 | +### Quality Assurance Tools |
| 84 | +- **Continuous Integration**: Support for automated testing pipelines |
| 85 | +- **Code review tools**: Available through GitHub and other platforms |
| 86 | +- **Testing frameworks**: Access to testing tools across multiple programming languages |
| 87 | +- **Documentation platforms**: Support for software documentation websites |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +## How does this help you in your research? |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | +### Improved Software Quality |
| 92 | +- **Reduces bugs and errors**: Systematic testing and review processes catch problems early |
| 93 | +- **Enhances reliability**: Proper documentation and version control ensure consistent software behavior |
| 94 | +- **Increases maintainability**: Well-planned software is easier to update and extend |
| 95 | +- **Better performance**: Planning helps identify and address performance bottlenecks |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +### Enhanced Collaboration |
| 98 | +- **Team coordination**: Clear processes enable effective teamwork on software projects |
| 99 | +- **External contributions**: Well-managed projects attract contributions from other researchers |
| 100 | +- **Code sharing**: Proper licensing and documentation make software reusable by others |
| 101 | +- **Reproducible research**: Version-controlled, documented software supports reproducible results |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +### Research Impact and Recognition |
| 104 | +- **Citable software**: Published software with DOIs can be cited like other research outputs |
| 105 | +- **Professional reputation**: High-quality software demonstrates technical expertise |
| 106 | +- **Career advancement**: Software development skills and published tools support career progression |
| 107 | +- **Grant applications**: Well-managed software projects strengthen funding proposals |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | +### Compliance and Risk Management |
| 110 | +- **Policy compliance**: Meets VU requirements for research software management |
| 111 | +- **Legal protection**: Proper licensing protects intellectual property rights |
| 112 | +- **Data security**: Planning addresses security requirements for sensitive data processing |
| 113 | +- **Audit readiness**: Documentation supports compliance with research integrity requirements |
| 114 | + |
| 115 | +### Long-term Sustainability |
| 116 | +- **Knowledge preservation**: Documentation ensures software can be maintained after personnel changes |
| 117 | +- **Legacy planning**: Structured approach to software lifecycle management |
| 118 | +- **Funding efficiency**: Better planning reduces development costs and rework |
| 119 | +- **Technology evolution**: Planning helps adapt to changing technical requirements |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +### Research Reproducibility |
| 122 | +- **Transparent methods**: Open, documented software enables others to verify and extend your research |
| 123 | +- **Version tracking**: Clear versioning connects software states to research outputs |
| 124 | +- **Environment documentation**: Specifications enable reproduction of computational environments |
| 125 | +- **Automated workflows**: Scripted processes reduce manual errors and improve consistency |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | +A Software Management Plan transforms ad hoc software development into a systematic, professional practice that enhances the quality, impact, and sustainability of your research software while supporting broader goals of open science and research reproducibility. |
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