chore: Update CI/CD workflow to support Python versions 3.10-3.14

[epierce]

Update GitHub actions to test against Python 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13 and 3.14

Related Issue

N/A

Motivation and Context

Python 3.9 and lower are no longer supported.

How Has This Been Tested?

Successful build by GitHub Actions in this branch

Screenshots (if appropriate):

N/A

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)

Checklist:

• My code follows the code style of this project.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.
• All new and existing tests passed.