Docs: Fix outdated GitHub links, HTTPS URLs, and formatting issues

[rahulcse129]

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title: "Docs: Fix outdated GitHub links, HTTPS URLs, and formatting issues"

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**Related issue(s):
This PR updates outdated /master/ GitHub links to /main/, converts an HTTP link to HTTPS, and fixes minor formatting and grammar issues.

No spec behavior changes

Editorial-only documentation cleanup

Improves accuracy, security, and readability**

Closes #1146
@derberg PTAL when you have time 🙂

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[asyncapi-bot]

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More details 👇🏼

 Unknown release type "Docs" found in pull request title "Docs: Fix outdated GitHub links, HTTPS URLs, and formatting issues". 

Available types:
 - feat: A new feature
 - fix: A bug fix
 - docs: Documentation only changes
 - style: Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (white-space, formatting, missing semi-colons, etc)
 - refactor: A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature
 - perf: A code change that improves performance
 - test: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests
 - build: Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies (example scopes: gulp, broccoli, npm)
 - ci: Changes to our CI configuration files and scripts (example scopes: Travis, Circle, BrowserStack, SauceLabs)
 - chore: Other changes that don't modify src or test files
 - revert: Reverts a previous commit

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[derberg]

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