test(amplify-category-api-e2e-core): ensure Gen1 placeholder app + improve harness failure logging

packages/amplify-e2e-core/global-setup.js

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Allow people to use `amplify-category-api-e2e-core/global-setup` as a jest globalSetup.
+const globalSetup = require('./lib/jest-global-setup');
+
+module.exports = globalSetup.default || globalSetup;

packages/amplify-e2e-core/package.json

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     "clean": "rimraf ./lib"
   },
   "dependencies": {
+    "@aws-sdk/client-amplify": "~3.600.0",
     "@aws-sdk/client-amplifybackend": "~3.600.0",
     "@aws-sdk/client-appsync": "~3.600.0",
     "@aws-sdk/client-cloudformation": "~3.600.0",

packages/amplify-e2e-core/src/init/ensureGen1PlaceholderApp.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import {
+  AmplifyClient,
+  ListAppsCommand,
+  CreateAppCommand,
+  ListBackendEnvironmentsCommand,
+  CreateBackendEnvironmentCommand,
+} from '@aws-sdk/client-amplify';
+
+/**
+ * Name of the placeholder Amplify Gen1 app that, when present in an account +
+ * region, bypasses the Gen1 end-of-life gate during `amplify init`.
+ */
+export const GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_APP_NAME = 'DoNotDeleteAppToBypassGen1Deprecation';
+
+/**
+ * Backend environment name required on the placeholder app for the bypass to
+ * take effect.
+ */
+export const GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_BACKEND_ENV_NAME = 'test';
+
+const LIST_APPS_PAGE_SIZE = 100;
+
+/**
+ * Ensures the Gen1 deprecation-bypass placeholder app (and its `test` backend
+ * environment) exists in the given region so the Gen1 EOL gate never blocks
+ * `amplify init` during e2e runs, self-healing any prior cleanup deletion.
+ *
+ * Idempotent: the app and backend environment are created only when missing.
+ * Never throws — all failures are logged and swallowed so an already-healthy
+ * run is never broken by this best-effort setup step. Relies on the ambient
+ * e2e credentials picked up by the AWS SDK default provider chain.
+ *
+ * @param region target AWS region; defaults to `process.env.CLI_REGION`.
+ */
+export async function ensureGen1PlaceholderApp(region: string = process.env.CLI_REGION): Promise<void> {
+  if (!region) {
+    console.log('⚠️ ensureGen1PlaceholderApp: no region provided (CLI_REGION unset); skipping');
+    return;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const client = new AmplifyClient({ region });
+
+    let appId: string | undefined;
+    let nextToken: string | undefined;
+    do {
+      const { apps, nextToken: token } = await client.send(new ListAppsCommand({ maxResults: LIST_APPS_PAGE_SIZE, nextToken }));
+      const existing = (apps ?? []).find((app) => app.name === GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_APP_NAME);
+      if (existing) {
+        appId = existing.appId;
+        break;
+      }
+      nextToken = token;
+    } while (nextToken);
+
+    if (!appId) {
+      const { app } = await client.send(new CreateAppCommand({ name: GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_APP_NAME }));
+      appId = app?.appId;
+      console.log(`✅ ensureGen1PlaceholderApp: created placeholder app '${GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_APP_NAME}' (${appId}) in ${region}`);
+    }
+
+    if (!appId) {
+      console.log(`⚠️ ensureGen1PlaceholderApp: could not resolve placeholder appId in ${region}; skipping backend env`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { backendEnvironments } = await client.send(new ListBackendEnvironmentsCommand({ appId }));
+    const hasEnv = (backendEnvironments ?? []).some((env) => env.environmentName === GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_BACKEND_ENV_NAME);
+    if (!hasEnv) {
+      await client.send(new CreateBackendEnvironmentCommand({ appId, environmentName: GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_BACKEND_ENV_NAME }));
+      console.log(
+        `✅ ensureGen1PlaceholderApp: created backend env '${GEN1_PLACEHOLDER_BACKEND_ENV_NAME}' for placeholder app in ${region}`,
+      );
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.log(`⚠️ ensureGen1PlaceholderApp: best-effort setup failed in ${region} (continuing): ${err?.message ?? err}`);
+  }
+}

packages/amplify-e2e-core/src/init/index.ts

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@ export * from './amplifyPull';
 export * from './amplifyPush';
 export * from './deleteProject';
 export * from './initProjectHelper';
+export * from './ensureGen1PlaceholderApp';
 export * from './adminUI';
 export * from './overrideStack';

packages/amplify-e2e-core/src/init/initProjectHelper.ts

@@ -99,10 +99,11 @@ export function initJSProjectWithProfile(cwd: string, settings?: Partial<typeof
       .sendYes()
       .wait(/Try "amplify add api" to create a backend API and then "amplify (push|publish)" to deploy everything/)
       .run((err: Error) => {
-        console.error(`Result of initJSProjectWithProfile: ${err}`);
         if (err) {
+          console.error(`initJSProjectWithProfile FAILED: ${err}`);
           reject(err);
         } else {
+          console.log('initJSProjectWithProfile SUCCESS');
           resolve();
         }
       });

packages/amplify-e2e-core/src/jest-global-setup.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { ensureGen1PlaceholderApp } from './init/ensureGen1PlaceholderApp';
+
+/**
+ * Jest `globalSetup` hook. Runs exactly once per jest invocation (i.e. once per
+ * e2e shard) before any test file executes or any `amplify init` runs, ensuring
+ * the Gen1 deprecation-bypass placeholder app exists in the shard's region
+ * (`process.env.CLI_REGION`). Best-effort and idempotent — never throws.
+ */
+export default async function globalSetup(): Promise<void> {
+  await ensureGen1PlaceholderApp(process.env.CLI_REGION);
+}

packages/amplify-e2e-core/src/utils/nexpect.ts

@@ -432,8 +432,18 @@ function chain(context: Context): ExecutionContext {
           //
           return onError(new Error('Command not found: ' + context.command), false);
         }
+        const fullOutput = recordings.length
+          ? recordings
+              .filter((f) => f[1] === 'o')
+              .map((f) => f[2])
+              .join('')
+          : 'No output';
         return onError(
-          new Error(`Process exited with non zero exit code ${code}.\n\nLast 10 lines: 👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽\n\n\n\n\n${lastScreen}\n\n\n👆🏼👆🏼👆🏼👆🏼`),
+          new Error(
+            `Process exited with non zero exit code ${code}${
+              signal ? ` (signal ${signal})` : ''
+            }.\n\nFull output:👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽\n\n${fullOutput}\n\n👆🏼👆🏼👆🏼👆🏼`,
+          ),
           false,
         );
       } else {

packages/amplify-e2e-tests/package.json

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@
   "jest": {
     "verbose": false,
     "preset": "ts-jest",
+    "globalSetup": "amplify-category-api-e2e-core/global-setup",
     "testRunner": "amplify-category-api-e2e-core/runner",
     "testEnvironment": "amplify-category-api-e2e-core/environment",
     "transform": {

packages/graphql-transformers-e2e-tests/package.json

@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@
       "^axios$": "<rootDir>/../../node_modules/axios/dist/node/axios.cjs"
     },
     "testEnvironment": "../../FixJestEnvironment.js",
+    "globalSetup": "amplify-category-api-e2e-core/global-setup",
     "coveragePathIgnorePatterns": [
       "/node_modules",
       "/__tests__/"