Add basic SELECT concept/exercise

concepts/select/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "blurb": "The SQL SELECT statement is the mechanism for querying a database.",
+  "authors": ["blackk-foxx"],
+  "contributors": ["blackk-foxx"]
+}

concepts/select/about.md

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# The SELECT statement
+
+In SQL, a `SELECT` statement allows you to retrieve data from a database.
+The result of a `SELECT` statement is a result set -- some number of values arranged in rows and columns, where each column is a particular attribute of the data and each row is a set of values for each column.
+
+Roughly, you can think of the set of columns as a data structure, where each column represents a field of the data structure, and each row represents a concrete instance of the data structure.
+
+With a `SELECT` statement, you can specify the data you want and optionally transform, filter, and/or modify the shape of the output data.
+
+
+## The basics
+
+The anatomy of a basic `SELECT` statement is as follows:
+
+```sql
+SELECT <columns>
+FROM <source>
+WHERE <criteria>;
+```
+
+Note that the line breaks are not required; any spacing will suffice to separate the different
+clauses (i.e. parts) of the `SELECT` statement.
+
+Immediately following the `SELECT` keyword is a list of the columns that you want in the result.
+The `FROM` clause identifies the source of the data, which is typically a table in the database.
+The `WHERE` clause filters the output data by one or more criteria.
+
+
+For example, consider a database with a table named `inventory` containing the following data:
+
+
+|     upc      |  category  |    supplier    |    brand    |           product_name           | weight | stock |
+|--------------|------------|----------------|-------------|----------------------------------|--------|-------|
+| 812345670019 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | HearthStone | 10" Non-Stick Skillet            | 1.8    | 42    |
+| 845678120334 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | PrepMaster  | Stainless Steel Ladle            | 0.4    | 120   |
+| 899001234556 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | QuickBrew   | Single-Serve Coffee Maker        | 4.2    | 18    |
+| 823450987112 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | FreshKeep   | 12-Piece Glass Container Set     | 6      | 33    |
+| 867530900221 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | EdgeCraft   | 8' Chef's Knife                  | 0.6    | 27    |
+| 880012349876 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | HeatWave    | Compact Toaster Oven             | 7.5    | 14    |
+| 833221109443 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | PureScrub   | Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk) | 0.2    | 200   |
+| 899998877665 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | IronCraft   | Cast-Iron Grill Pan              | 5.3    | 21    |
+| 844110220987 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | BlendPro    | High-Speed Personal Blender      | 3.1    | 16    |
+
+If we want to simply retrieve all of the data from the table, we could run the following query:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory;
+```
+
+Result:
+
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand        product_name                      weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  -----------  --------------------------------  ------  -----
+812345670019  Cookware    KitchenCo       HearthStone  10" Non-Stick Skillet             1.8     42   
+845678120334  Utensils    HomePro Supply  PrepMaster   Stainless Steel Ladle             0.4     120  
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew    Single-Serve Coffee Maker         4.2     18   
+823450987112  Cookware    KitchenCo       FreshKeep    12-Piece Glass Container Set      6       33   
+867530900221  Utensils    HomePro Supply  EdgeCraft    8' Chef's Knife                   0.6     27   
+880012349876  Appliances  Culinary Depot  HeatWave     Compact Toaster Oven              7.5     14   
+833221109443  Utensils    HomePro Supply  PureScrub    Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk)  0.2     200  
+899998877665  Cookware    KitchenCo       IronCraft    Cast-Iron Grill Pan               5.3     21   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro     High-Speed Personal Blender       3.1     16   
+```
+
+But if we only want the category and product_name values, we could specify those columns:
+
+```sql
+SELECT category, product_name FROM inventory;
+```
+
+Result:
+
+```
+category    product_name                    
+----------  --------------------------------
+Cookware    10" Non-Stick Skillet           
+Utensils    Stainless Steel Ladle           
+Appliances  Single-Serve Coffee Maker       
+Cookware    12-Piece Glass Container Set    
+Utensils    8' Chef's Knife                 
+Appliances  Compact Toaster Oven            
+Utensils    Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk)
+Cookware    Cast-Iron Grill Pan             
+Appliances  High-Speed Personal Blender     
+```
+
+~~~~exercism/note
+The `FROM` clause is optional.
+A statement like `SELECT "Hello, world.";` is perfectly valid, and will generate the following result:
+
+```
+"Hello, world."
+---------------
+Hello, world. 
+```
+~~~~
+
+## Filtering data with the WHERE clause
+
+The `WHERE` clause allows you to filter the data retrieved by a `SELECT` statement.
+For example, if we only want Appliances:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory
+WHERE category = "Appliances";
+```
+
+Result:
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand      product_name                 weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  ---------  ---------------------------  ------  -----
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew  Single-Serve Coffee Maker    4.2     18   
+880012349876  Appliances  Culinary Depot  HeatWave   Compact Toaster Oven         7.5     14   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro   High-Speed Personal Blender  3.1     16   
+```
+
+
+Or maybe we only want data where the weight is between 2.0 and 6.0:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory
+WHERE weight BETWEEN 2.0 AND 6.0;
+```
+
+
+Result:
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand      product_name                  weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  ---------  ----------------------------  ------  -----
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew  Single-Serve Coffee Maker     4.2     18   
+823450987112  Cookware    KitchenCo       FreshKeep  12-Piece Glass Container Set  6       33   
+899998877665  Cookware    KitchenCo       IronCraft  Cast-Iron Grill Pan           5.3     21   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro   High-Speed Personal Blender   3.1     16   
+```
+
+
+In addition to `=` and `BETWEEN...AND`, the `WHERE` clause supports a wide range of expressions, including comparison (`<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`), pattern matching (`LIKE`, `GLOB`, `REGEXP`, `MATCH`), and checking for membership in a list (`IN`, `NOT IN`).
+See [SQL Language Expressions](sql-expr) for the complete documentation.
+
+
+[sql-expr]: https://sqlite.org/lang_expr.html

concepts/select/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# The SELECT statement
+
+In SQL, a `SELECT` statement allows you to retrieve data from a database.
+The result of a `SELECT` statement is a result set -- some number of values arranged in rows and columns, where each column is a particular attribute of the data and each row is a set of values for each column.
+
+Roughly, you can think of the set of columns as a data structure, where each column represents a field of the data structure, and each row represents a concrete instance of the data structure.
+
+With a `SELECT` statement, you can specify the data you want and optionally transform, filter, and/or modify the shape of the output data.
+
+
+## The basics
+
+The anatomy of a basic `SELECT` statement is as follows:
+
+```sql
+SELECT <columns>
+FROM <source>
+WHERE <criteria>;
+```
+
+Note that the line breaks are not required; any spacing will suffice to separate the different
+clauses (i.e. parts) of the `SELECT` statement.
+
+Immediately following the `SELECT` keyword is a list of the columns that you want in the result.
+The `FROM` clause identifies the source of the data, which is typically a table in the database.
+The `WHERE` clause filters the output data by one or more criteria.
+
+
+For example, consider a database with a table named `inventory` containing the following data:
+
+
+|     upc      |  category  |    supplier    |    brand    |           product_name           | weight | stock |
+|--------------|------------|----------------|-------------|----------------------------------|--------|-------|
+| 812345670019 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | HearthStone | 10" Non-Stick Skillet            | 1.8    | 42    |
+| 845678120334 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | PrepMaster  | Stainless Steel Ladle            | 0.4    | 120   |
+| 899001234556 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | QuickBrew   | Single-Serve Coffee Maker        | 4.2    | 18    |
+| 823450987112 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | FreshKeep   | 12-Piece Glass Container Set     | 6      | 33    |
+| 867530900221 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | EdgeCraft   | 8' Chef's Knife                  | 0.6    | 27    |
+| 880012349876 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | HeatWave    | Compact Toaster Oven             | 7.5    | 14    |
+| 833221109443 | Utensils   | HomePro Supply | PureScrub   | Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk) | 0.2    | 200   |
+| 899998877665 | Cookware   | KitchenCo      | IronCraft   | Cast-Iron Grill Pan              | 5.3    | 21    |
+| 844110220987 | Appliances | Culinary Depot | BlendPro    | High-Speed Personal Blender      | 3.1    | 16    |
+
+If we want to simply retrieve all of the data from the table, we could run the following query:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory;
+```
+
+Result:
+
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand        product_name                      weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  -----------  --------------------------------  ------  -----
+812345670019  Cookware    KitchenCo       HearthStone  10" Non-Stick Skillet             1.8     42   
+845678120334  Utensils    HomePro Supply  PrepMaster   Stainless Steel Ladle             0.4     120  
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew    Single-Serve Coffee Maker         4.2     18   
+823450987112  Cookware    KitchenCo       FreshKeep    12-Piece Glass Container Set      6       33   
+867530900221  Utensils    HomePro Supply  EdgeCraft    8' Chef's Knife                   0.6     27   
+880012349876  Appliances  Culinary Depot  HeatWave     Compact Toaster Oven              7.5     14   
+833221109443  Utensils    HomePro Supply  PureScrub    Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk)  0.2     200  
+899998877665  Cookware    KitchenCo       IronCraft    Cast-Iron Grill Pan               5.3     21   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro     High-Speed Personal Blender       3.1     16   
+```
+
+But if we only want the category and product_name values, we could specify those columns:
+
+```sql
+SELECT category, product_name FROM inventory;
+```
+
+Result:
+
+```
+category    product_name                    
+----------  --------------------------------
+Cookware    10" Non-Stick Skillet           
+Utensils    Stainless Steel Ladle           
+Appliances  Single-Serve Coffee Maker       
+Cookware    12-Piece Glass Container Set    
+Utensils    8' Chef's Knife                 
+Appliances  Compact Toaster Oven            
+Utensils    Heavy-Duty Kitchen Sponge (3-pk)
+Cookware    Cast-Iron Grill Pan             
+Appliances  High-Speed Personal Blender     
+```
+
+~~~~exercism/note
+The `FROM` clause is optional.
+A statement like `SELECT "Hello, world.";` is perfectly valid, and will generate the following result:
+
+```
+"Hello, world."
+---------------
+Hello, world. 
+```
+~~~~
+
+## Filtering data with the WHERE clause
+
+The `WHERE` clause allows you to filter the data retrieved by a `SELECT` statement.
+For example, if we only want Appliances:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory
+WHERE category = "Appliances";
+```
+
+Result:
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand      product_name                 weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  ---------  ---------------------------  ------  -----
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew  Single-Serve Coffee Maker    4.2     18   
+880012349876  Appliances  Culinary Depot  HeatWave   Compact Toaster Oven         7.5     14   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro   High-Speed Personal Blender  3.1     16   
+```
+
+
+Or maybe we only want data where the weight is between 2.0 and 6.0:
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM inventory
+WHERE weight BETWEEN 2.0 AND 6.0;
+```
+
+
+Result:
+```
+upc           category    supplier        brand      product_name                  weight  stock
+------------  ----------  --------------  ---------  ----------------------------  ------  -----
+899001234556  Appliances  Culinary Depot  QuickBrew  Single-Serve Coffee Maker     4.2     18   
+823450987112  Cookware    KitchenCo       FreshKeep  12-Piece Glass Container Set  6       33   
+899998877665  Cookware    KitchenCo       IronCraft  Cast-Iron Grill Pan           5.3     21   
+844110220987  Appliances  Culinary Depot  BlendPro   High-Speed Personal Blender   3.1     16   
+```
+
+
+In addition to `=` and `BETWEEN...AND`, the `WHERE` clause supports a wide range of expressions, including comparison (`<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`), pattern matching (`LIKE`, `GLOB`, `REGEXP`, `MATCH`), and checking for membership in a list (`IN`, `NOT IN`).
+See [SQL Language Expressions](sql-expr) for the complete documentation.
+
+
+[sql-expr]: https://sqlite.org/lang_expr.html

concepts/select/links.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[
+  {
+    "url": "https://sqlite.org/lang_select.html#simple_select_processing",
+    "description": "Simple SELECT processing details"
+  },
+  {
+    "url": "https://sqlite.org/lang_select.html",
+    "description": "Complete SELECT documentation for SQLite"
+  }
+]

config.json

@@ -33,6 +33,17 @@
     ]
   },
   "exercises": {
+    "concept": [
+      {
+        "slug": "intro-select",
+        "name": "SELECT Basics",
+        "uuid": "1762549a-4622-442d-9aff-4c65f72a955c",
+        "concepts": [
+          "select"
+        ],
+        "prerequisites": []
+      }
+    ],
     "practice": [
       {
         "slug": "hello-world",
@@ -716,6 +727,13 @@
       "icon": "small"
     }
   ],
+  "concepts": [
+    {
+      "uuid": "92187df0-fb68-4b46-af3b-cc17c2ef6fbc",
+      "slug": "select",
+      "name": "SELECT"
+    }
+  ],
   "tags": [
     "execution_mode/interpreted",
     "platform/linux",

exercises/concept/intro-select/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Instructions
+
+You are a data analyst at a firm that analyzes weather data in the Pacific Northwest.  You will be working with a database containing a `weather_readings` table with the following columns:
+
+* `date`:  The date on which the sample was collected.
+* `location`:  The name of the city in which the sample was collected.
+* `temperature`:  The temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
+* `humidity`:  The relative humidity, as a percentage value.
+
+In each of the following tasks, your job is to gather the specified result set, by using a `SELECT` statement.
+Note that in each case, the result set will be stored in a new table -- one table for each task -- via a pre-written `CREATE TABLE` statement.
+Your job for each task is to add the appropriate `SELECT` statement within the existing `CREATE TABLE` statement.
+
+## 1. Gather all of the data
+
+Gather all of the data from the `weather_readings` table.
+
+## 2. Gather only the location and temperature data
+
+Gather only the location and temperature values from the `weather_readings` table.
+
+## 3. Gather only data for Seattle
+
+Gather only the data for the Seattle location.
+
+## 4. Gather only the data with humidity in a specific range
+
+Gather only the data where the humidity is between 60% and 70%.