Sync TransformerEngine-FL to upstream v2.17

[Caozhou1995]

Integrates upstream NVIDIA/TransformerEngine v2.17 (commit 2e559f0) into flagos-ai/TransformerEngine-FL:main, preserving all multi-backend plugin work.

• Upstream v2.14 -> v2.17 integration (EP, MXFP8/NVFP4, fused router/MLP)
• 25 conflict files resolved, fork patches preserved (torch_nv, te_device_type, OpManager dispatcher, 9-backend CI/CD)
• P0: removed 2 deleted C++ bindings (convert_host_pointers_to_tensor, get_device_pointer_for_data_and_scales) from plugin + 6 vendors
• Enum sync: DType assert ==->subset, NVTE_QKV_Format/Layout members
• Device abstraction re-injected (quantized_tensor.py make_empty etc.)
• Includes [CICD] Add KunlunXin unit and MCore integration test support #94 KunlunXin CICD support

Description

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Fixes # (issue)

Type of change

• Documentation change (change only to the documentation, either a fix or a new content)
• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Infra/Build change
• Code refactoring

Changes

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• Change A
• Change B

Checklist:

• I have read and followed the contributing guidelines
• The functionality is complete
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes

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