Add adam train

examples/.gitignore

@@ -16,3 +16,6 @@ cascade_train_debug
 xor_test_debug
 xor_test_fixed_debug
 xor_train_debug
+robot_adam
+robot_adam.net
+

examples/Makefile

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ GCC=gcc
 CFLAGS=-I ../src/include
 LDFLAGS=-L ../src/
 
-TARGETS = xor_train xor_test xor_test_fixed simple_train steepness_train simple_test robot mushroom cascade_train scaling_test scaling_train
-DEBUG_TARGETS = xor_train_debug xor_test_debug xor_test_fixed_debug cascade_train_debug
+TARGETS = xor_train xor_test xor_test_fixed simple_train steepness_train simple_test robot mushroom cascade_train scaling_test scaling_train robot_adam
+DEBUG_TARGETS = xor_train_debug xor_test_debug xor_test_fixed_debug cascade_train_debug robot_adam_debug
 
 all: $(TARGETS)
 

examples/robot_adam.c

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Fast Artificial Neural Network Library (fann)
+Copyright (C) 2003-2016 Steffen Nissen (steffen.fann@gmail.com)
+
+This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "fann.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+	const unsigned int num_layers = 3;
+	const unsigned int num_neurons_hidden = 96;
+	const float desired_error = (const float) 0.00001;
+	struct fann *ann;
+	struct fann_train_data *train_data, *test_data;
+
+	unsigned int i = 0;
+
+	printf("Creating network.\n");
+
+	train_data = fann_read_train_from_file("../datasets/robot.train");
+
+	ann = fann_create_standard(num_layers,
+					  train_data->num_input, num_neurons_hidden, train_data->num_output);
+
+	printf("Training network.\n");
+
+	fann_set_training_algorithm(ann, FANN_TRAIN_ADAM);
+	fann_set_adam_beta1(ann, 0.9f);
+	fann_set_adam_beta2(ann, 0.999f);
+	fann_set_adam_epsilon(ann, 1e-8f);
+	fann_set_learning_rate(ann, 0.05f);
+
+	fann_train_on_data(ann, train_data, 10000, 100, desired_error);
+
+	printf("Testing network.\n");
+
+	test_data = fann_read_train_from_file("../datasets/robot.test");
+
+	fann_reset_MSE(ann);
+	for(i = 0; i < fann_length_train_data(test_data); i++)
+	{
+		fann_test(ann, test_data->input[i], test_data->output[i]);
+	}
+	printf("MSE error on test data: %f\n", fann_get_MSE(ann));
+
+	printf("Saving network.\n");
+
+	fann_save(ann, "robot_adam.net");
+
+	printf("Cleaning up.\n");
+	fann_destroy_train(train_data);
+	fann_destroy_train(test_data);
+	fann_destroy(ann);
+
+	return 0;
+}

src/fann.c

@@ -748,6 +748,8 @@ FANN_EXTERNAL void FANN_API fann_destroy(struct fann *ann) {
   fann_safe_free(ann->prev_train_slopes);
   fann_safe_free(ann->prev_steps);
   fann_safe_free(ann->prev_weights_deltas);
+  fann_safe_free(ann->adam_m);
+  fann_safe_free(ann->adam_v);
   fann_safe_free(ann->errstr);
   fann_safe_free(ann->cascade_activation_functions);
   fann_safe_free(ann->cascade_activation_steepnesses);
@@ -888,6 +890,14 @@ FANN_EXTERNAL struct fann *FANN_API fann_copy(struct fann *orig) {
   copy->rprop_delta_max = orig->rprop_delta_max;
   copy->rprop_delta_zero = orig->rprop_delta_zero;
 
+  /* Copy Adam optimizer parameters */
+  copy->adam_beta1 = orig->adam_beta1;
+  copy->adam_beta2 = orig->adam_beta2;
+  copy->adam_epsilon = orig->adam_epsilon;
+  copy->adam_timestep = orig->adam_timestep;
+  copy->adam_m = NULL;
+  copy->adam_v = NULL;
+
   /* user_data is not deep copied.  user should use fann_copy_with_user_data() for that */
   copy->user_data = orig->user_data;
 
@@ -1008,6 +1018,29 @@ FANN_EXTERNAL struct fann *FANN_API fann_copy(struct fann *orig) {
            copy->total_connections_allocated * sizeof(fann_type));
   }
 
+  /* Copy Adam optimizer moment vectors if they exist */
+  if (orig->adam_m) {
+    copy->adam_m = (fann_type *)malloc(copy->total_connections_allocated * sizeof(fann_type));
+    if (copy->adam_m == NULL) {
+      fann_error((struct fann_error *)orig, FANN_E_CANT_ALLOCATE_MEM);
+      fann_destroy(copy);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    memcpy(copy->adam_m, orig->adam_m,
+           copy->total_connections_allocated * sizeof(fann_type));
+  }
+
+  if (orig->adam_v) {
+    copy->adam_v = (fann_type *)malloc(copy->total_connections_allocated * sizeof(fann_type));
+    if (copy->adam_v == NULL) {
+      fann_error((struct fann_error *)orig, FANN_E_CANT_ALLOCATE_MEM);
+      fann_destroy(copy);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    memcpy(copy->adam_v, orig->adam_v,
+           copy->total_connections_allocated * sizeof(fann_type));
+  }
+
   return copy;
 }
 
@@ -1171,6 +1204,9 @@ FANN_EXTERNAL void FANN_API fann_print_parameters(struct fann *ann) {
   printf("RPROP decrease factor                :%8.3f\n", ann->rprop_decrease_factor);
   printf("RPROP delta min                      :%8.3f\n", ann->rprop_delta_min);
   printf("RPROP delta max                      :%8.3f\n", ann->rprop_delta_max);
+  printf("Adam beta1                           :%f\n", ann->adam_beta1);
+  printf("Adam beta2                           :%f\n", ann->adam_beta2);
+  printf("Adam epsilon                         :%.8f\n", ann->adam_epsilon);
   printf("Cascade output change fraction       :%11.6f\n", ann->cascade_output_change_fraction);
   printf("Cascade candidate change fraction    :%11.6f\n", ann->cascade_candidate_change_fraction);
   printf("Cascade output stagnation epochs     :%4d\n", ann->cascade_output_stagnation_epochs);
@@ -1552,6 +1588,14 @@ struct fann *fann_allocate_structure(unsigned int num_layers) {
   ann->sarprop_temperature = 0.015f;
   ann->sarprop_epoch = 0;
 
+  /* Variables for use with Adam training (reasonable defaults) */
+  ann->adam_m = NULL;
+  ann->adam_v = NULL;
+  ann->adam_beta1 = 0.9f;
+  ann->adam_beta2 = 0.999f;
+  ann->adam_epsilon = 1e-8f;
+  ann->adam_timestep = 0;
+
   fann_init_error_data((struct fann_error *)ann);
 
 #ifdef FIXEDFANN

src/fann_io.c

@@ -175,6 +175,9 @@ int fann_save_internal_fd(struct fann *ann, FILE *conf, const char *configuratio
   fprintf(conf, "rprop_delta_min=%f\n", ann->rprop_delta_min);
   fprintf(conf, "rprop_delta_max=%f\n", ann->rprop_delta_max);
   fprintf(conf, "rprop_delta_zero=%f\n", ann->rprop_delta_zero);
+  fprintf(conf, "adam_beta1=%f\n", ann->adam_beta1);
+  fprintf(conf, "adam_beta2=%f\n", ann->adam_beta2);
+  fprintf(conf, "adam_epsilon=%.8f\n", ann->adam_epsilon);
   fprintf(conf, "cascade_output_stagnation_epochs=%u\n", ann->cascade_output_stagnation_epochs);
   fprintf(conf, "cascade_candidate_change_fraction=%f\n", ann->cascade_candidate_change_fraction);
   fprintf(conf, "cascade_candidate_stagnation_epochs=%u\n",
@@ -322,6 +325,18 @@ struct fann *fann_create_from_fd_1_1(FILE *conf, const char *configuration_file)
     }                                                                      \
   }
 
+/* Optional scanf that sets a default value if the field is not present in the file.
+ * This is used for new parameters to maintain backward compatibility with older saved networks.
+ */
+#define fann_scanf_optional(type, name, val, default_val)                 \
+  {                                                                        \
+    long pos = ftell(conf);                                                \
+    if (fscanf(conf, name "=" type "\n", val) != 1) {                      \
+      fseek(conf, pos, SEEK_SET);                                          \
+      *(val) = (default_val);                                              \
+    }                                                                      \
+  }
+
 #define fann_skip(name)                                                    \
   {                                                                        \
     if (fscanf(conf, name) != 0) {                                         \
@@ -420,6 +435,10 @@ struct fann *fann_create_from_fd(FILE *conf, const char *configuration_file) {
   fann_scanf("%f", "rprop_delta_min", &ann->rprop_delta_min);
   fann_scanf("%f", "rprop_delta_max", &ann->rprop_delta_max);
   fann_scanf("%f", "rprop_delta_zero", &ann->rprop_delta_zero);
+  /* Adam parameters are optional for backward compatibility with older saved networks */
+  fann_scanf_optional("%f", "adam_beta1", &ann->adam_beta1, 0.9f);
+  fann_scanf_optional("%f", "adam_beta2", &ann->adam_beta2, 0.999f);
+  fann_scanf_optional("%f", "adam_epsilon", &ann->adam_epsilon, 1e-8f);
   fann_scanf("%u", "cascade_output_stagnation_epochs", &ann->cascade_output_stagnation_epochs);
   fann_scanf("%f", "cascade_candidate_change_fraction", &ann->cascade_candidate_change_fraction);
   fann_scanf("%u", "cascade_candidate_stagnation_epochs",

src/fann_train.c

@@ -527,6 +527,34 @@ void fann_clear_train_arrays(struct fann *ann) {
   } else {
     memset(ann->prev_train_slopes, 0, (ann->total_connections_allocated) * sizeof(fann_type));
   }
+
+  /* Allocate and initialize Adam optimizer arrays if using Adam */
+  if (ann->training_algorithm == FANN_TRAIN_ADAM) {
+    /* Allocate first moment vector (m) */
+    if (ann->adam_m == NULL) {
+      ann->adam_m = (fann_type *)calloc(ann->total_connections_allocated, sizeof(fann_type));
+      if (ann->adam_m == NULL) {
+        fann_error((struct fann_error *)ann, FANN_E_CANT_ALLOCATE_MEM);
+        return;
+      }
+    } else {
+      memset(ann->adam_m, 0, (ann->total_connections_allocated) * sizeof(fann_type));
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate second moment vector (v) */
+    if (ann->adam_v == NULL) {
+      ann->adam_v = (fann_type *)calloc(ann->total_connections_allocated, sizeof(fann_type));
+      if (ann->adam_v == NULL) {
+        fann_error((struct fann_error *)ann, FANN_E_CANT_ALLOCATE_MEM);
+        return;
+      }
+    } else {
+      memset(ann->adam_v, 0, (ann->total_connections_allocated) * sizeof(fann_type));
+    }
+
+    /* Reset timestep */
+    ann->adam_timestep = 0;
+  }
 }
 
 /* INTERNAL FUNCTION
@@ -682,9 +710,70 @@ void fann_update_weights_irpropm(struct fann *ann, unsigned int first_weight,
   }
 }
 
+/* INTERNAL FUNCTION
+   The Adam (Adaptive Moment Estimation) algorithm
+
+   Adam combines ideas from momentum and RMSProp:
+   - Maintains exponential moving averages of gradients (first moment, m)
+   - Maintains exponential moving averages of squared gradients (second moment, v)
+   - Uses bias correction to account for initialization at zero
+
+   Parameters:
+   - beta1: exponential decay rate for first moment (default 0.9)
+   - beta2: exponential decay rate for second moment (default 0.999)
+   - epsilon: small constant for numerical stability (default 1e-8)
+ */
+void fann_update_weights_adam(struct fann *ann, unsigned int num_data, unsigned int first_weight,
+                              unsigned int past_end) {
+  fann_type *train_slopes = ann->train_slopes;
+  fann_type *weights = ann->weights;
+  fann_type *m = ann->adam_m;
+  fann_type *v = ann->adam_v;
+
+  const float learning_rate = ann->learning_rate;
+  const float beta1 = ann->adam_beta1;
+  const float beta2 = ann->adam_beta2;
+  const float epsilon = ann->adam_epsilon;
+  const float gradient_scale = 1.0f / num_data;
+
+  unsigned int i;
+  float gradient, m_hat, v_hat;
+  float beta1_t, beta2_t;
+
+  /* Increment timestep */
+  ann->adam_timestep++;
+
+  /* Compute bias correction terms: 1 - beta^t */
+  beta1_t = 1.0f - powf(beta1, (float)ann->adam_timestep);
+  beta2_t = 1.0f - powf(beta2, (float)ann->adam_timestep);
+
+  for (i = first_weight; i != past_end; i++) {
+    /* Compute gradient (average over batch) */
+    gradient = train_slopes[i] * gradient_scale;
+
+    /* Update biased first moment estimate: m_t = beta1 * m_{t-1} + (1 - beta1) * g_t */
+    m[i] = beta1 * m[i] + (1.0f - beta1) * gradient;
+
+    /* Update biased second moment estimate: v_t = beta2 * v_{t-1} + (1 - beta2) * g_t^2 */
+    v[i] = beta2 * v[i] + (1.0f - beta2) * gradient * gradient;
+
+    /* Compute bias-corrected first moment: m_hat = m_t / (1 - beta1^t) */
+    m_hat = m[i] / beta1_t;
+
+    /* Compute bias-corrected second moment: v_hat = v_t / (1 - beta2^t) */
+    v_hat = v[i] / beta2_t;
+
+    /* Update weights: w_t = w_{t-1} + learning_rate * m_hat / (sqrt(v_hat) + epsilon) */
+    weights[i] += learning_rate * m_hat / (sqrtf(v_hat) + epsilon);
+
+    /* Clear slope for next iteration */
+    train_slopes[i] = 0.0f;
+  }
+}
+
 /* INTERNAL FUNCTION
    The SARprop- algorithm
-*/
+ */
 void fann_update_weights_sarprop(struct fann *ann, unsigned int epoch, unsigned int first_weight,
                                  unsigned int past_end) {
   fann_type *train_slopes = ann->train_slopes;
@@ -919,3 +1008,9 @@ FANN_GET_SET(float, sarprop_temperature)
 FANN_GET_SET(enum fann_stopfunc_enum, train_stop_function)
 FANN_GET_SET(fann_type, bit_fail_limit)
 FANN_GET_SET(float, learning_momentum)
+
+FANN_GET_SET(float, adam_beta1)
+
+FANN_GET_SET(float, adam_beta2)
+
+FANN_GET_SET(float, adam_epsilon)

src/fann_train_data.c

@@ -137,6 +137,30 @@ float fann_train_epoch_irpropm(struct fann *ann, struct fann_train_data *data) {
   return fann_get_MSE(ann);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Internal train function
+ */
+float fann_train_epoch_adam(struct fann *ann, struct fann_train_data *data) {
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  if (ann->adam_m == NULL) {
+    fann_clear_train_arrays(ann);
+  }
+
+  fann_reset_MSE(ann);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < data->num_data; i++) {
+    fann_run(ann, data->input[i]);
+    fann_compute_MSE(ann, data->output[i]);
+    fann_backpropagate_MSE(ann);
+    fann_update_slopes_batch(ann, ann->first_layer + 1, ann->last_layer - 1);
+  }
+
+  fann_update_weights_adam(ann, data->num_data, 0, ann->total_connections);
+
+  return fann_get_MSE(ann);
+}
+
 /*
  * Internal train function
  */
@@ -211,6 +235,8 @@ FANN_EXTERNAL float FANN_API fann_train_epoch(struct fann *ann, struct fann_trai
       return fann_train_epoch_irpropm(ann, data);
     case FANN_TRAIN_SARPROP:
       return fann_train_epoch_sarprop(ann, data);
+    case FANN_TRAIN_ADAM:
+      return fann_train_epoch_adam(ann, data);
     case FANN_TRAIN_BATCH:
       return fann_train_epoch_batch(ann, data);
     case FANN_TRAIN_INCREMENTAL: