Fix packets with no frames being accepted instead of rejected per RFC 9000 §12.4

[Copilot]

Problem

The QuicConnRecvFrames function currently accepts packets with no frames (PayloadLength == 0) without error, which violates RFC 9000 §12.4 that mandates treating such packets as a connection error of type PROTOCOL_VIOLATION.

When a packet has no payload, the frame processing while loop is never entered, allowing the packet to be processed successfully:

uint16_t Offset = 0;
while (Offset < PayloadLength) {  // Never enters when PayloadLength == 0
    // Frame processing logic
}
// Packet is accepted without any frames

Solution

Added validation in QuicConnRecvFrames to check for empty packets immediately after PayloadLength is determined:

//
// RFC 9000 §12.4 - Packets that contain no frames are invalid and must be
// treated as a connection error of type PROTOCOL_VIOLATION.
//
if (PayloadLength == 0) {
    QuicTraceEvent(
        ConnError,
        "[conn][%p] ERROR, %s.",
        Connection,
        "Packet contained no frames");
    QuicConnTransportError(Connection, QUIC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION);
    return FALSE;
}

This ensures RFC compliance by:

• Detecting packets with no frames before frame processing begins
• Reporting the error with proper tracing for debugging
• Triggering a PROTOCOL_VIOLATION connection error as required
• Following the same error handling pattern used elsewhere in the function

Testing

• Verified the core library builds successfully with the changes
• Created proof-of-concept test confirming packets with PayloadLength == 0 are properly rejected with QUIC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION
• Confirmed packets with frames continue to be processed normally

Fixes #5186.

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[nibanks]

How are you testing this? Maybe you can make sure the receive fuzzed can generate zero payload packets.

[Copilot]

How are you testing this? Maybe you can make sure the receive fuzzed can generate zero payload packets.

I've enhanced the recvfuzz tool to be able to generate zero payload packets to test the RFC 9000 §12.4 compliance fix. Changes include:

1. Modified FuzzInitial and FuzzHandshake functions to occasionally generate packets with NumFrames = 0 (1/16 chance)
2. Updated packet generation logic to allow PayloadLength = 0 when no frames are present
3. Enabled recvfuzz to build on Linux (was previously Windows-only)
4. Fixed compilation errors for Linux build

The fuzzer can now generate zero payload packets that will be properly rejected by the RFC compliance fix in commit bb5ca2a.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 84.91%. Comparing base (c69379c) to head (e2a3e02).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #5196      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   85.53%   84.91%   -0.62%     
==========================================
  Files          59       59              
  Lines       18330    18334       +4     
==========================================
- Hits        15679    15569     -110     
- Misses       2651     2765     +114     

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[nibanks]

The Ubuntu build failed.

[Copilot]

The Ubuntu build failed.

Fixed the Ubuntu build failure. The issue was uninitialized variable warnings being treated as errors in recvfuzz.cpp. The fix initializes variables and properly checks return values from QuicVarIntDecode calls. Commit e2a3e02