C Code Comprehension (3C)

C Code Comprehension is a software tool developed to help beginners understand and analyze C source code. It provides static and dynamic analysis of C programs through lexical tokenization, line-by-line interpretation, and intermediate value tracing of variables.

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🧠 Features

✅ Static Analysis

• Preprocesses source code by removing comments and blank lines.
• Performs tokenization into:
  • Identifiers
  • Keywords
  • Operators
  • Literals
  • Comments
• Interprets tokens line by line using a map-based data structure.
• Detects common syntax errors:
  • Missing semicolons
  • Incorrect & usage in scanf

✅ Dynamic Analysis

• Executes C source code line by line in a controlled environment.
• Tracks and displays intermediate variable values throughout execution.
• Determines the path taken by conditional statements (if/else).

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🛠 Implementation Highlights

• Developed in C++ using file handling, string processing, and external compilation.
• Implements a tokenization engine using character classification and string pattern matching.
• Dynamic execution is performed via:
  • Writing each line of the original source into a separate testCode.c
  • Compiling and executing this test file
  • Capturing outputs to a result file

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💻 How It Works

1. Static Analysis Flow

Input C Code → Preprocessing → Tokenization → Interpretation → Error Detection

2. Dynamic Analysis Flow

Input C Code → Write Line to testCode.c → Compile & Execute → Output Variable Values

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🧪 Example Use Case

Given a simple C program with variable assignments and conditionals, 3C will:

• Display a structured breakdown of tokens
• Highlight errors like missing semicolons
• Trace the evolution of each variable through dynamic execution

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Run Locally

Clone the project

  git clone https://github.com/samdani91/SPL-1

Dynamic Analysis

  cd Dynamic Analysis

Run

  g++ dynamicAnalysis.cpp

Static Analysis

  g++ main.cpp tokenHelp.cpp tokenization.cpp interpretFunc.cpp -o testrun

Run

  ./testrun

🚧 Challenges Overcome

• Deep dive into C++ file handling and project structuring
• Managing line-by-line execution of code within another program
• Designing a token interpreter from scratch

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📈 Possible Extensions

• Support for:
  • Nested loops
  • Multiple functions
  • Complex expressions
  • More comprehensive error detection
• GUI-based interface for better usability

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👨‍🎓 Author

A. M Samdani Mozumder
BSSE Roll No.: 1412
Session: 2021–2022
Institute of Information Technology, University of Dhaka

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📚 References

• Crafting Interpreters – Robert Nystrom
• Static Program Analysis - Wikipedia
• Dynamic Program Analysis - Wikipedia
• C++ File Handling - GeeksForGeeks
• Lexical Analysis & Tokenization - Wikipedia